(5) Prestress

• mechanical test to determine the maximum amount of load that a concrete cylinder can

bear

• Common Shapes of Pre-stressing tendons

• the most common concrete strengths being in the _ psi (_ MPa)

• can essentially be considered linear for all practical purpose *

• Long-term or Time dependent Properties

• Non-End Anchored

• End Anchored

• the additional strain due to the same sustained load is

• _ can have a negative impact on the structural integrity and durability of the prestressed

concrete

• Young’s Modulus of Elasticity of a material can be applied only to the secant of the curve

at the origin. T or F

• achieved by heating the bar to an appropriate temperature

• are attained by heating (to about 350 degrees Celsius) while it is under tension *

• Indicates the tensile capacity of concrete under bending

• Depending on the type of mix, the properties of aggregate, and the time and quality of the

curing, compressive strengths of concrete can be obtained up to _ psi (_Mpa)

• A group of pre-stressing wire bonded together

• For prestressed concrete, the compressive strength should be from _ MPa to _ MPa at 28

days of age
• almost the universal material for producing prestress and supplying the tensile force in

prestressed concrete

• The initial deformation due to load is the

• is the loss of prestress when the wires or strands are subject to essentially constant strain

• Short-term or Instantaneous Properties

• a change in strain

• As the material _, it may create internal stresses that can lead to cracking

• Slope of the line drawn from the origin of the stress strain diagram and intersecting the

curve at the point of interest

• Creep strain for concrete has been found experimentally to depend on

• The compressive strength, f’c is based on standard _ in. by _ in

• Prestressing Tendon may be in the form of *

• Three types of wires and strands that are commonly used

• It is the slope of the stress-strain curve in the elastic (linearly proportional) region

• undergo a heat treatment process and cooling slowly called stress-relieving after the

strands have been stranded

• loss in steel stress

• Property of materials by which they continue to deform over considerable lengths of time

at constant stress or loads

• are cold-drawn single wires conforming to ASTM A421

• Commercial production of concrete with ordinary aggregate is usually in the range of _ to

_ psi (_ MPa to _ MPa)

• It can also contribute to the development of cracks in the concrete

• When the cylinder’s compressive strength is below 41.4 Mpa, it is called _

• results to a decrease in volume when the concrete loses moisture by evaporation

• are either smooth or deformed, and available in nominal diameters from 19mm to 35mm *

• The initial slope of the tangent to the curve is defined as the

• these bars are _ as well to increase their ductility *

• made from seven wires by twisting six of them on a pitch of 12 to 16 wire diameter

around a slightly larger, straight control wire.

• This is termed as such by the ACI Code when the cylinder compressive strength exceeds

6000 psi

• a single unit made of high strength steel

• the material losses a large portion of its stiffness, thereby increasing the curvilinearity of

the diagram

• High-Tensile-Strength Prestressing Bars must conform to _ *

• A group of pre-stressing strands bundled or sheathed together

• is done after the wires are woven into strand *

• Strength of concrete for Low-cost houses, residential building, foundation

• Result in a partial loss of prestress force and significant changes in deflection *

• According to ACI, a good approximation for the tensile strength is _ to _% of the

compressive strength (f’c)

• _ inorder to raise their yield strength *

• Stress-relieved strands conform to *

• Material Properties that are relevant to Prestressed Concrete Design

For High Streng Concrete

𝑤𝑐 1.5 𝑘𝑔
𝐸𝑐 (MPA) = [3.32√𝑓𝑐′ + 6895] ( ) Where: 𝑓𝑐′ = MPA, and 𝑤𝑐 =
2320 𝑚3

𝑤 1.5 𝑙𝑏
𝐸𝑐 (psi) = [40000√𝑓𝑐′ + 106 ] (145
𝑐
) Where: 𝑓𝑐′ = psi, and 𝑤𝑐 = 𝑓𝑡 3

For Normal Strength Concrete

1.5√𝑓𝑐′
𝐸𝑐 = 57000√𝑓𝑐′ (psi) or 4700√𝑓𝑐′ (MPA) = 0.043𝑤

Modulus of Rupture (𝑓𝑟 ) for 3 point bending

3𝑃𝐿
𝑓𝑟 = 2𝑏𝑑2

Modulus of Rupture (𝑓𝑟 ) according to NSCP 2015

𝑓𝑟 = 0.62𝜆√𝑓𝑐′