13-1 AC ELECTRICITY

191. An alternating current with a frequency of 60 ANSWER: (D)

Hz is passed through a moving coil galvanometer
that measures DC current. What will the 193. Which of the following statements regarding
galvanometer reading be equal to? transformers is FALSE?

(A) The peak value of the AC current (A) The copper losses(I2R) in the primary and
(B) The average value of the AC current secondary coils are equal.
(C) The rms value (B) Transformer power losses are generally
(D) A negligible amount low, approximately 1-3%.
(C) Power losses in transformers are
converted to heat, which is then
dissipated.
If the galvanometer is designed to measure (D) One three-phase transformer weighs more
DC current, it will not be able to respond than three equivalent single-phase
quickly enough to measure an alternating transformers
current of 60 Hz. The reading will be
negligible. Power conversion using a three-phase transformer
is more efficient than conversion using three
ANSWER: (D) separate single-phase units. Reduced weight and
space requirements are obtained for the three-
phase transformer
192. Which of the following effects are generally
less for an alternating current than for a direct ANSWER: (D)
current? 194. An AC alternator as a motor is called a
(A) Heating effects synchronous motor. Which of the following
(B) Chemical effects statements regarding synchronous motors is FALSE?
(C) Magnetic effects (A) The average speed, regardless of load,
(D) Impedance does not decrease, since the motor must
operate at a constant speed.
(B) When a load is increased, the increased
Chemical effects are generally less for an torque is a result of the shift in the
AC current than for DC current. Heating and relative positions of the fields on the
magnetic effects are generally greater for rotor and stator.
an AC current than for a DC current. (C) The relationship between speed,
Impedance for an AC current is either larger frequency, and number of poles is the
than or the same as a DC current.
 same for the rotating field of the
induction motor and for the alternator.
(D) The poles of a synchronous motor must be
salient
Salient poles have laminated pole pieces.
Although salient poles are generally used,
either salient or nonsalient poles can be
used in a synchronous motor.
ANSWER: (D)
195. Which of the following statements about
induction motors is FALSE?
(A) They are used to increase the line power
factor.
(B) They have no slip rings, no brushes and
no excited field current.
(C) They have no commutators and no windings
on the armature.
(D) Squirrel-cage induction motors operate at
essentially constant speeds.
Induction motors degrade the power
factor. All the other answer choices are
true.
ANSWER: (A)
196. A single-phase induction motor is not self-
starting. Instead, auxiliary methods must be used,
such as varying inductance, resistance and
capacitance. Which of the following is FALSE
regarding this situation?
(A) A capacitor motor uses capacitance to
split the phase, resulting in two phases
almost 900 apart.
(B) Capacitor motors have lower starting
torque than completely sized single-phase
induction motors.
(C) To obtain a higher reactance, a capacitor
can be used when starting and then be
switched out of the circuit by mechanical
means.
(D) If the capacitor remains in the circuit,
the power factor will have a value close
to unity.
Due to the favourable phase relationship,
the torque is higher for a capacitor motor
than for other types of single-phase motors.
For example, a capacitive phase slip motor
gives better torque than a resistively split
motor. Therefore, option (B) is false.
ANSWER: (B)
197. A squirrel-cage motor has such low resistance
that it draws excessive currents when starting.
Which of the following actions will NOT reduce
this problem?
(A) Connecting the windings as in a three-
phase, wye, transformer, taking 58% of
the normal line voltage the. At
sufficient motor speed, switching to a
delta connection.
(B) Using an in-line rheostat
(C) Using an autotransformer to reduce line
voltage.
(D) Using a class A motor.
A class A motor draws a heavy starting
current, usually 200-300% of the normal
load. The other alternatives reduce the
 effective voltage across the windings,
thus, reducing the problem of excessive
currents.
ANSWER: (D)
198. Which of the following statements about AC
generators is FALSE?
field windings over a portion of the
rotor surface.
(C) AC generator ratings are usually given in
units of kVA (kilovolt amps).
(D) At zero power factor, the generator
delivers real power to a load.

(A) The poles of an AC generator are located A power factor of 1 delivers only real power
on the rotor. and no reactive power to a resistive load. A
(B) The three main type of AC generator are zero power factor is associated with a
direct-connect engine driven, water nonresistive load or with no-load
driven, and turbine driven. conditions.
(C) An AC generator uses commutators. ANSWER: (D)
(D) Large turbine driven generators usually
have two pole rotors to accommodate the
high speed of the turbine.
200. In a balanced three-phase system with a power
factor of unity, the line voltage, EL, and the line
Commutators are not used in AC machines. It current, IL, deliver normal AC power. What is the
is the relative motion between the rotor and expression for the power,P?
the stationary armature located on the
(A) P = EL IL
stator that generates the power. 1
(B) P = EL IL
2
ANSWER: (C) (C) P=
1
EL IL
√2
(D) P = √3EL IL
199. Which of the following is FALSE regarding
rotating machinery?
ANSWER: (A)
(A) The avoidance of harmonics in the
production of a sine wave can be achieved
by using a coil having multiple loops
201. What is the relationship between the line
passing through adjacent slots rather
current, IL, and the coil current, IC, in a
than using only one pair of slots.
balanced delta system?
(B) Uniformity in the production of flux on a
pole can be obtained by using distributed
 IC
(A) IL =
√3
IC
(B) IL =
√2
(C) IL = IC 14-1 PHYSICS
(D) IL = √3IC
202. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
The three-phase line-phase relations for (A) Wavelength of visible light >
a balanced three-phase delta system are wavelength of microwaves
(B) Frequency of radio waves < frequency
IL = √3Ip = √3IC
of infrared waves
(C) Wavelength of x-rays > wavelength of
ANSWER: (D) gamma rays
(D) Frequency of ultraviolet > frequency
of infrared

The electromagnetic spectrum is

The wavelength of microwaves is greater that the

wavelength of visible light. Therefore, option (A)
is false.

ANSWER: (A)

203. Which material type usually has a higher

index of refraction?

(A) Lighter materials

(B) Heavier materials
(C) Denser materials
(D) Less-dense materials

In general, denser materials have higher

indices of refraction.

ANSWER: (C)
 206. If all variables in a linear programming
problem are restricted to be integers, which, if
15-1 SYSTEMS any, basic assumption of linear programming is
204. If a function of n variables, f(x1, … , xn), violated?
is convex, which of the following is true about n (A) certainty
x n Hessian matrix?
(B) additivity
(A)It is semidefinite. (C) divisibility
(D) proportionality
(B)It is negative semidefinite.

(C)It is positive semidefinite. Divisibility implies that fractional

levels of the decision variables must be
(D)It is indefinite permissible. By restricting all variables
ANSWER: (C) in the problem to be integers,
divisibility is lost.
205. Consider a nontrivial linear programming ANSWER: (C)
problem is one variable, x, with only lower - and
upper-bound constraints on x. At optium, where 207. If a project that has diminishing returns
will x be in relation to these constraints? with a scale modeled using linear program, which
basic assumption of linear programming will be
violated?
(A)at its upper bound (A) certainty
(B) additivity
(B)at its lower bound
(C) divisibility
(C)at its upper and lower bound (D) proportionality

(D)at its upper or lower bound

The constraints prevent the variable of a linear
program from increasing or decreasing forever
during maximization or minimization. The maximum
or minimum will occur at either upper or lower
bound.
Proportionality assumes that a variable multiplied
by a constant is equal to the contribution,
regardless of scale
ANSWER: (D)
208. As the simplex algorithm progresses from one
solution to the next linear programming
maximization problem, what will happen to the
value of the objective function?

ANSWER:(D) I. It will increase and then decrease.

 II. It will decrease and then increase.
III. It will increase or stay the same.
IV. It will decrease or stay the same.
A characteristic of the simplex algorithm is that
the value of the objective function improves (does
not worsen) between iterations. For a maximization
problem, only option (C) can be true.
ANSWER: (C)
208. Which of the following describes the optimum
solution to a transportation problem?
(A) It can be determined using the
simplex algorithm.
(B) It cannot be found if there are no
upper-bound constraints on supplies
from several sources.
(C) It can only be found if there are
no upper bounds on supplies from
several sources.
(D) It is trivial if the demand is
unstable
Transportation problems are special linear
programming problems that allow for the presence
or lack of upper bounds on variables and assume
constant demand. Only option (A) is true.
ANSWER: (A)
209. If an integer programming problem is solved
as a linear programming problem and the resulting
values of the decision variable are rounded off,
which of the following will result?
(A) An optimum integer solution
(B) A noninteger solution that is optimum
(C) An integer solution that may be optimum,
or close to it
(D) An integer solution that is not optimum
After rounding off, the solution will be an
integer. However, it will no longer be an exact
solution. Thus, it may provide an optimum solution
or only one that is close to optimum
ANSWER: (C)
210. Which of the following is NOT a good
application of network analysis?
(A) Electrical engineering
(B) Information theory
(C) The study of transportation systems
(D) Inventory theory
Inventory problems are generally not solved using
network analysis. Network analysis involves
maximizing the flow through a network connecting a
source and a destination. Inventory theory
involves the optimization of the problem of
stocking goods; it is not concerned with the flow
through a network.
ANSWER: (D)
211. For which of the following is the Program
Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) NOT used?
(A) Construction projects
(B) Computer programming assignments
(C) Preparation of bids and proposals
(D) Queuing problems
 PERT is used to predict the completion
time for large projects. All of the
choices given except option (D) are
projects that have finite completion
time.
ANSWER: (D)
212. Identify the FALSE statement
(A) The primary objective of PERT is to
determine the probability of meeting
specified deadlines
(B) PERT identifies the activities that are
most likely to “bottleneck” and the
activities that are most likely to stay
on schedule
(C) PERT evaluates the sensitivity to changes
in the program
(D) To apply PERT, one should develop a
network representation of the project
plan
Linear programming automatically performs a
sensitivity analysis of the variables as a by-
product of the solution process. PERT, however,
cannot provide a similar sensitivity analysis to
evaluate the effect of changes in the program
parameters.
ANSWER: (C)
213. What are the basic features of dynamic
programming problems?
I. The problem can be divided into stages
with a policy decision required at each
stage.
II. Each stage has a number of states
associated with it.
III. The effect of the policy decisions at
each stage is to transform the current
state into a state associated with the
next stage.
VI. The problem formulation is dependent on
the probability distribution associated
with it
(A)I only (B) IV only (C) I and II (D) I, II, and
III
Statement IV is irrelevant. There may not
be a probability distribution when
deterministic problems are solved using
dynamic programming. The formulation of
the problem depends only on the first
three statements.
ANSWER: (D)
214. Which of the following statements about
dynamic programming is FALSE?
(A) Dynamic programming is a mathematical
technique that is often useful for making a
sequence of interrelated decisions.
(B) Dynamic programming provides a systematic
procedure for determining the combination of
decisions that maximize overall effectiveness.
(C) Dynamic programming can be represented in
standard mathematical formulation.
(D) Dynamic programming is a conceptual
approach to problem solving.
 Dynamic programming is a c conceptual 217. In a queueing process of customers in a
approach to problem solving, not a store, what type of distribution most likely
mathematical one. Its formulation depends on governs the time between consecutive arrivals of
the specifics of the problem. customers?

ANSWER: (D) (A) A normal probability distribution

(B) An exponential distribution
215. Queueing theory provides a large number of (C) A uniform probability distribution
alternative mathematical models for describing (D) A Poisson distribution
which of the following?
The “interval time” is commonly assumed to be
(A) network problems exponentially distributed
(B) probabilistic arrivals ANSWER: (B)
(C) probabilistic service facilities

(D) waiting line problems

Queueing theory involves the mathematical study of

waiting lins or “queues”

ANSWER: (D)

216. In a queueing process of customers in a

store, what statistical pattern will most likely
describe the arrival of customers overtime?

(A) the normal law of probability

(B) the Poisson distribution

(C) the uniform law of probability

(D) the exponential distribution

The common assumption is that calling units in a

queueing process arrive according to a Poisson
distribution.

ANSWER: (B)
16-1 COMPUTER SCIENCE alphanumeric, hence the + character in II is not
allowed. I is the only acceptable choice.
218. Why is the following expression NOT
acceptable as a FORTRAN integer constant?
ANSWER: (A)
237, 100

(A) The first character must be a letter.

(B) There are more than six characters. 220. Which of the following is NOT acceptable as a
(C) There is no decimal point. FORTRAN integer variable name?
(D) It contains a comma.
(A) IRISH (B) KOST (C) MAPLE

Commas are not allowed in integer

constants. (D)INSERTS

ANSWER: (D)
INSERTS exceeds the limit of six
219. Which of the following are acceptable as characters.
FORTRAN integer variables?
ANSWER: (D)
I.NINA II.A+10 III.INTEGER

221. Which of the following are NOT acceptable as

IV.2813 V.A160 FORTRAN integer constants?

I. 5000 II. -14 III. A15 IV.

(A) I only (B) I and V 16.52 V. +999
(C) I and III (D) I, III, and V

(A) I and II
(B) II and III
(C) III and IV
Variable names can be formed from up to six (D) II, III, IV, and V
characters, the first character being a letter.
Integer variables must begin with the letters I, An integer constant cannot begin with a
J, K, L, M, or N; all other variable names letter character and cannot have a decimal point.
represent real variables. The characters must be Thus, III and IV are unacceptable.

ANSWER: (C)
222. Which of the following are NOT acceptable as ANSWER: (D)
FORTRAN real constant names?
225. Which of the following are true statements
I.APPLE II.LAMB III.4ABC IV.WATER regarding user-defined functions?
V.TREE
I. The function is more versatile than a
(A) II and III subroutine as it is not limited to
(B) IV and V mathematical calculations.
(C) I, II, and III II. The function is defined as a variable
(D) II, III, and V in the main program.
III. The function may be used repeatedly
LAMB is incorrect since the initial and anywhere in the program
character L denotes an integer variable.
4ABC is incorrect since the first character (A) I only
should be a letter. (B) I and II
ANSWER: (A) (C) I and III
223. What is a correct declaration form for the (D) II and III
logical variable AZ?
I is false since the subroutine is more
(A) AZ =.TRUE. (B) AZ = 1 (C) AZ = 1. versatile, II and III are true.
ANSWER: (D)
(D) AZ =‘TRUE’
226. Which of the following would have to be added
to the main program as a result of the variable
For a logical variable, TRUE is enclosed in XINCH being changed to INCH? Before the change,
periods only. the function is
ANSWER: (A)
FUNCTION FOOT(XINCH)
224. Which of the following is NOT acceptable as a
FORTRAN statement? FOOT=XINCH/12.0

RETURN
(A) A=B (B) A=B+C (C)
END
AB=C*D (D)A*B=C*D
(A) A COMMON statement
(B) A CALL statement
The left side of an assignment statement must be a (C) A DIMENSION specification
variable and not an operation. Option (D) is (D) A REAL variable declaration
unacceptable.
 Without a REAl variable declaration, the
variable INCH would be read by the
computer as an integer variable, and FOOT
would have an error.

ANSWER: (D)

227. Of the following statements, which is FALSE?

(A) The FORMAT statement may or may not be

executed by the program.
(B) More than one STOP statement is permitted
in a program.
(C) The arithmetic IF can only be used to
evaluate an arithmetic expression
(D) No FORMAT statement is required with
unformatted READ or WRITE statements.

The FORMAT statement must be executed by

the program. Therefore, option (A) is
false.
ANSWER: (A)