Types of paints

 Whitewash:
Whitewash is a low-cost paint made from mixture of slaked lime or powdered chalk, size and water used for
whitening walls.
 Oil Paint:
Oil based paints are slow drying paints which consist of particles of pigment suspended in a drying oil or oil varnish
as the basic vehicle ingredient. The commonly available oils are linseed oil, Tung oil, poppy oil, nut oil. Oil-based
paints are thicker and harder.
 Emulsion Paint:
Emulsion Paints are basically water based paints. Water is used as a solvent in emulsion paint. They dry quickly &
flexible and hence are suitable for both external as well as internal surfaces.
 Cement Based Paint:
Cement-based paints are water based paint in which cement forms the base. Cement is the main constituent in
cement based paints which is responsible for the hardness and durability of the painted surface. Cement Paint can be
applied on the exterior as well as interior walls.
 Enamel Paint:
Enamel paints are oil based paints and with a considerably glossy finish. Enamel Paints consists of white lead, zinc
white, resinous matter and petroleum spirit.
 Distemper Paint:
Distemper paints are water based paints. The major constituents of distemper are chalk, lime, water and some
coloring pigments if necessary. Distemper paints are used for both interior and exterior walls.
 Epoxy Paint:
Epoxy Paints are made from epoxy resin i.e. they form binders. Epoxy paints are finished material. It is used
primarily as a base covering which forms a hard and shiny surface upon application.
 Latex Paint:
A paint based on pigment and synthetic resin produced by emulsion polymerization, as the principal constituent of
the binder. They can be apply on walls and trim, concrete, wood etc.
 Textured Paint:
Texture paint consists of coarse grains (such as gypsum, sand, etc.) metal, ribbon, lace, leather, etc. with the water-
thinned binder used for creating a rough pattern effect on a wall. They have become one of the most popular trends
in painting as different types of styles can be created on the wall.

To know more details about these paints and other different types of paints, you may read the following article

20 Different Types of Paints for Interior & Exterior Surfaces!

Normally we see buildings and structures painted in different colours and styles. There are two obvious reasons of
applying paint to any structure – one, it enhances the appearance of the building/structure and two, it protects them
from the effect of water and sunlight thereby giving longevity and durability to the structure.

Talking about paints, they are normally manufactured and marketed by Multinational companies. They normally
brand their paints with commercial brand names instead of technical names so that it facilitates and promotes the
sale of their product with much ease. This is almost in normal practice. Now again, there are different types of paints
available in the market. From the current market situation, the varieties of paints are bifurcated based on technical
specifications as well as brand names marketed by the company that confuse the common man very much. It will be
a little bit hard to understand the difference between oil paint or emulsion paint, oil paint or distemper paint, silicon
paint and rubber paint. For example, during the market study, we found that velvet paint is a high-end product as per
the layman’s understanding. However, in fact in technical terms “Velvet” is used for types of sheen or “Apcolite
Silk”. A pronoun brand has used this term as a marketing strategy to increase the sale.

Most people get confused with the term ‘paint sheen’ and ‘paint finish’ before they make a selection of the right
paint for their house. And then they try to use every little bit of information they have acquired as a key to get the
long-lasting painting work. The right way to know the types of paint is, knowing the components of paint. Let’s dive
deep into the various types of paints that is available in the market.

Before moving ahead, first understand various ingredients or components used in the paint.

Ingredients of the Paint

Paints are manufactured using different components. Each component gives a specific quality to the paint. There are
following six different types of components which are used in paint.
01. Base or Principal Pigment
Base or principal pigment is the principal constituent that forms the body of paint. It forms the bulk of the paint.
02. Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment)
According to the ‘Onyenekenwa Cyprian Eneh’, (the Author of a Guide for the Paint Maker), the pigments are
insoluble powders of very fine particle size. They impart colour and opacity to the paint.
03. Inert Filler or Extender Pigments
These pigments are referred to as ‘cheap pigment’. They not only make the paint more durable but also reduce the
costly base in paint thereby making the paint economical.
04. Vehicle
Vehicle is also referred to as binder or resins that holds the paint together and also binds it to the surface that is to be
painted. It also helps to spread the paint ingredients uniformly over the surface to be painted.
05. Solvent or Thinner
Solvent or thinner increases the fluidity of the paint, makes the paint workable and increase the spreading capacity
of paint. Thinner helps to penetrate into the porous surfaces, thereby making the paint smooth.
 06. Additives
Additives are usually added in small quantities in the paint. It changes the properties of paint. Additives are also
added to improve some properties, such as colour opacity, pigment dispersion, or stability.Generally, most of the
ingredients or at least some are always present in the paint. The proportion of each constituent is decided for a
particular type of paint.Now, let’s review the 20 different types of paints based on their technical specifications. It
will guide you for making the right choice of paint at a right time over the right surfaces.
Different Types of Paints
01. Whitewash or Limewash
Whitewash is a low-cost paint that can be made by adding water to the mixture of slaked lime or powdered chalk.
Generally, we use it for whitening walls and ceilings which can easily resist the lime and water.
To make the wall colourful, you need to add colouring pigment and vehicle or binder like Fevicol in required
proportion.
If you want a white coloured wall, apply two coats of lime paint. But if you want colourful walls, it is better to apply
three coats of lime paint on the wall. Apply the first coat of lime paint (lime + water + fevicol) on the wall and latter
apply two coats of lime paint that contain colouring pigment and vehicle or binder like Fevicol.
If you plan to do whitewash yourself (DIY whitewash), stay alert! You need to be careful while mixing the lime
with water for forming the paint. The heat starts generating immediately in the initial 5 to 10 minutes. This is
because when lime is mixed with water, it produces slaked lime and a considerable amount of heat is generated in
this reaction. Believe me; the heat generated is strong enough to burn your skin.
Uses of Lime Paint or Whitewash:
It can be used both indoors and outdoors. It sinks in the surface unlike other paints, so it is best applied to porous
surfaces, such as plaster, stone, and brick. It can be used on internal brick walls, concrete walls, or the internal wall
surfaces which can resist lime and water.
Ingredients of Limewash or Whitewash:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Fat lime (Class C) or Magnesium/dolomitic lime (Class D) or Siliceous dolomitic
lime (Class F) or Powdered chalk.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – You can add pigments that are separately available in markets as per
your desire.
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Adhesive like Fevicol, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – Water
 Additive – Driers

02. Oil Paint

Paint manufacturers use a base like white lead/red lead, zinc oxide, iron oxide, titanium white, aluminium powder,
lithophone, etc. to make the oil paints. A slow-drying paint that consists of particles of pigment suspended in a
drying oil that forms a tough, coloured film on exposure to air. It consists of large pigment particle as inert filler or
extender. Paint manufacturers use drying oil or oil varnish as the vehicle or binder. The most common types of
drying oil or oil varnish are linseed oil, tung oil, poppy oil, nut oil. Oil paints contain solvent or mineral spirit, etc. as
a thinner.
Oil paints are thicker and harder. They are glossy and smoother. Moreover, they are more durable and stain resistant.
Nowadays, due to the availability of advanced paints in the market, we rarely use oil paints to paint the house. Yet
some people still prefer oil paint for painting the metal and wooden surfaces.
Instead of oil paint, painting with enamel paint can be the best and economical option. Enamel paint is oil-based
paint that contains lead in permissible proportion; hence it is human and environment-friendly. Enamel paint covers
more surface area then the oil paint.
People add solvents like turpentine (mineral spirit) to achieve the good workability of paint during its application.
But a warning comes along with it. You need to take care of yourself as these solvents may adversely affect your
health and environment, too.
Uses of Oil Paint:
There are several uses of oil paint which ranges from painting the walls of the houses to anything like painting the
hard surfaces of metal work like MS railing, MS door and window, wooden furniture, art craft, etc.
Ingredients of Oil Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Zinc oxide, and/or titanium white, or iron oxide, or red lead, etc.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered particles of earthy pigments or synthetic organic
pigments or metallic powder which imparts colour to paint.
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Mineral colour particles that are larger than secondary pigment.
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Linseed oil, tung, poppy, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – Mineral spirit, etc.
 Additive – Driers, etc.

03. Emulsion Paint

As described by the ‘Abbas Kazaure Adamu, Muhammed Kabir Yakubu, and Olufemi Kassim Sunmonu’ in the
International Conference on Biological, Chemical and Environmental Sciences (BCES-2014), the first step in
making paint involves mixing the base or pigment with resin, solvents and additives to form a paste.
Emulsions are defined as a mix of two liquids that don’t mix well. Two liquids can form different types of
emulsions.

For example, oil and water can form two type of emulsions. The first part is the oil-in-water emulsion, where the oil
is in the dispersed phase, and water is the dispersion medium. The second part is water-in-oil Emulsion, where water
is the dispersed phase and oil is the external phase.

Usually, in Emulsion paints, water is available at around 50-60% by volume. The oily portions and the solids in the
form of pigments are remaining. But it is to be remembered that the pigments have a higher density than water;
hence water in terms of ratio by weight is lesser. Water is a medium where the binder, pigment and additives are
dispersed in molecular form.

Binders are polymers forming a continuous film on the surface. Binders used in emulsion paints are alkyd resins,
acrylic resin, epoxy, etc.

Uses of Emulsion Paint:

Emulsion paint is used for internal as well as for external surface coating of the building. They dry quickly & are
flexible. Hence, they are suitable for both external as well as internal surfaces.
Ingredients of Emulsion Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Titanium oxide, or zinc oxide, or iron oxide, etc.
 (Note: The choice of base in paint fully depends upon the colour of the paint. i.e. Paint makers use titanium white to
manufacture the white coloured emulsion paint.)
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Calcium carbonate powder
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Calcium carbonate powder, or Calcined kaolin clay
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Alkyd resins, or acrylic resin, or epoxy, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – Water or white spirit, etc.
 Additive – Calgon as dispersing agent
Know more about the Constituents of Emulsion Paint
 04. Cement Based Paint
Cement based paints are water-based paint wherein cement act as the base. Cement is the main constituent in
cement-based paints which is responsible for the hardness and durability of the painted surface. Cement paints do
not require oil or any other organic matter.
Uses of Cement Based Paint:
Cement paint can be applied on the exterior as well as interior walls. It is essentially painted on the exterior wall
surface for preventing water penetration and for reducing the dirt collection. It is suitable for coating concrete as
well as decorating indoor and outdoor walls.
Composition of Cement Based Paint :
 Base or Principal Pigment – Portland Cement, White cement, Lime, chalk, Calcite, Titanium Dioxide, etc.
 (Notes: Percentage of base or principle pigments are changed based on the intended use of that particular paint.)
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine particles of mineral colour
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Alkyd resins, or acrylic resin, or epoxy, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – Water
 Additive – Alkali Resistance Pigment, Calcium Chloride as a solidifying agent, Calcium /Aluminium stearate, etc.

05. Enamel Paint

Enamel paints are oil-based paints and with a considerably glossy finish. Enamel paints consist of white lead, zinc
white, resinous matter and petroleum spirit. Enamel paint provides excellent coverage and colour retention. They
have a hard, glossy and opaque finish. Enamel paints dry slowly or quickly depending on thinner used. They are
characterised as durable and stain resistant paint.
Uses of Enamel Paint :
It is excellent for the surfaces of concrete wall, door, window, staircase, kitchen, bathroom, basement, porch, patio,
home appliances, etc. that are outdoors or otherwise subject to hard scratches or variations in temperature. It is
perfect for environmental factors dealing with volatile temperatures, waterproofing and rot proofing.
Ingredients of Enamel Paint :
 Base or Principal Pigment – White lead, or red lead, or zinc oxide, or iron oxide, or titanium white, or aluminium
powder, or lithophone, etc.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered particles of minerals pigments.
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Colour particles that are larger than secondary pigment.
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Linseed oil, or alkyd resins, or acrylic resin, or epoxy, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – White spirit, or varnish, etc.
 Additive – Drying pigments containing lead, copper and cobalt, leaded oil, manganese, zirconium, etc.

06. Distemper Paint

Distemper paints are water-based paints. They are also known as cement paint as they can be applied directly on
walls with plaster finish without using the primer. Distemper paints are a cheaper option, and they long last for more
than 3 to 4 years. The major constituents of distemper are chalk, lime, water and some colouring pigments if
necessary. Distemper paints are available in powder and paste form. Distemper paints can be classified as a better
version of whitewash.
Uses of Distemper Paint :
Distemper paints can be used for both interior and exterior walls to décor your home.
Ingredients of Distemper Paint :
 Base or Principal Pigment – Chalk, Lime, etc.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered Particles of minerals colour
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Colour particles that are larger than secondary fine particle.
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Alkyd resins, or acrylic resin, or epoxy, etc.
 (Note: Type and percentage of Vehicle or Binder or resin are changed depending upon the intended use of that
particular paint.)
 Solvent or Thinner – Water
 Additive – Alkali Resistance Pigment, etc.
 (Notes: Other additives are also used based on the intended use of that particular paint.)

07. Bituminous Paint

Bituminous paints are made of asphalt bitumen or coal tar which is dissolved in mineral spirit or naphtha.
Bituminous paints are black in colour, but suitable colouring pigments can be added for the desired colour.
Uses of Bituminous Paint :
Bituminous paint is ideal for use in areas where an effective waterproof, weatherproof, chemical and corrosion-
resistant protective layer is required. Bituminous paints are alkaline resistant; hence it is feasible to use them for
underwater structure, weather protecting steelwork, waterproofing, wood, concrete and potable water tanks. It is
excellent for any type of exterior metalwork and ironwork such as fire escapes, ladders, etc.
Ingredients of Bituminous Paint :
 Base or Principal Pigment – Asphalt or mineral pitches or vegetable bitumen, etc.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Not Added
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Alkyd resins, acrylic resin, epoxy, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – Turpentine, white spirit, varnish, etc.
 Additive – Not Added

08. Epoxy Paint
Epoxy paints are made from epoxy resin, i.e. they form binders. Epoxy resins are thermosetting synthetic resins
containing epoxies groups. They are formed by cross-linking reactions of epoxide groups and available with
modified properties or in the pure form.According to the ‘Paint and Coating Standard, Canada’, the choice of epoxy
paint is based on the fact that modified epoxies tend to be less abrasion resistant and less resistant to solvents and
chemicals than the pure epoxies. Epoxy paints are popular because they provide a quick-drying, tough, and
protective coating on metals and other materials.
Uses of Epoxy Paint :
We can use epoxy paint primarily as a floor covering which forms a hard and shiny surface upon application. They
are highly feasible for a commercial building, industrial floors, particularly pharmaceutical industry, operation
theatres and garages due to its strength and resistance to damage. They serve best when joint less flooring or
bacteria-free flooring is desired.
Ingredients of Epoxy Paint :
 Base or Principal Pigment – Epoxy Resin [Bisphenol A (Bis A) or Bisphenol F (Bis F)] etc.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered particles of minerals
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Epoxy curing agent (polyamine epoxy)
 Solvent or Thinner – Epoxy thinner (a mix of solvents and alcohols)
 Additive – Additives are added that reduce the brittleness (Plasticisers)

09. Anti-Condensation Paint

Anti-condensation paints are designed to reduce the formation of condensation of moisture under intermittently dry
and humid conditions. It is a thick, matte paint used on interior walls, which significantly reduces condensation. It
frequently contains cork or some other heat insulating materials as filler. Condensation of moisture leads to mould
and can damage your walls. The paint also inhibits fungal and mould growth.
Uses of Anti-condensation Paint :Anti-condensation paint can be used on the walls that are constantly under the
threat of moisture.
Ingredients of Anti-condensation Paint :
 Base or Principal Pigment – Titanium dioxide and oxides of aluminium, iron & silicon.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – White fine powdered particles of minerals
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Diatomaceous earth
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – High performance unsaturated polyester resins (Monopropylene glycol)
 Solvent or Thinner – Not Added
 Additive – 1,2-BENZISOTHIAZOL-3(2H)-ONE
 10. Luminous Paint
There are some paints glows in the dark as they contain a source of radiant energy that emits light for a certain
length of time after exposure to an energy source. Such paints are luminous paints.
Types of luminous paint are listed below:
(a) Fluorescent Paint
Fluorescent paints are made by adding fluorescent pigments with a good amount of resin. The pigments are capable
of absorbing energy from the blue or ultraviolet end of the spectrum and re-emitting it in the form of light in the
visible wavelengths.
(b) Phosphorescent Paint
Phosphorescent paint contains pigments (phosphorus) which absorb energy at one wavelength and emit it over a
period, in the form of light at a longer wavelength in the visible spectrum. It differs from a fluorescent paint as it
continues to glow even after the stimulant is removed.
(c) Radioactive (Self-Luminous Paint)
It is phosphorescent paint, containing a portion of radioactive compounds. The phosphorous is permanently
activated by absorbing energy from the bombardment by the radioactive rays and emits light in the visible spectrum.
Uses of Luminous Paint:
Luminous paints are used for painting signboards, dials, warnings, etc. that can be read in the dark, especially at
night. Usually, you see such signs and signboards on the roads which not only help to manage the road traffic but
can avoid a lot of accidents occurring. Such paints are particularly found on the signboards, warnings, etc. of
highways, signboards of basement parking and other public buildings.
Ingredients of Luminous Paint :
 Base or Principal Pigment – Calcium sulphide or zinc sulphides (metal chloride and inorganic sulphides – an
alkaline earth aluminium borate and a matrix made of metal activator).
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered luminescent substance (fluorescent pigments or
phosphorescent material or a combination of a phosphorescent and a fluorescent material or radioactive compound)
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Alkyd, Amino, Phenolic, Polyurethane, Epoxy, Silicone, Acrylic
 Solvent or Thinner – Turpentine, white spirit, varnish, etc.
 Additive – Driers

11. Latex Paint

The word “latex” originally refers to the use of rubber in one form or another as the resin, or solid, in paint. Latex is
a white milky liquid extracted from trees like rubber. Latex paint is based on pigment and synthetic resin produced
by emulsion polymerization, and in which the principal constituent is the binder.

Uses of Latex Paint :

Latex paint can be used on the surfaces of walls and trim, concrete, wood, etc.
Ingredients of Latex Paint :
 Base or Principal Pigment – Titanium dioxide
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – White Fine powdered Particles of minerals
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Limestone
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Vinyl acrylic, or Polyvinyl acrylic, or Styrene acrylic, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – Water
 Additive – Not Added

12. Lead Paint

The term applies to any paint, paste, stopping, filling or other material used in painting, which contains more than 5
percent lead as lead oxide (PbO), in its pigment when determined by certain well-defined methods.
Uses of Lead Paint:
Nowadays, lead paint has become unpopular as it causes many health hazards. Still, many people use lead paint for
painting the wooden surfaces at home. Lead paint gives the paint its tint. Lead pigments are highly opaque; hence
even a relatively small amount of the compound can cover a large area.
 White lead is completely insoluble in water, making the paint highly water-resistant with a washable finish and quite
durable.
Ingredients of Lead Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Chrome yellow lead, or Red lead, or White lead, etc.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered of mineral Particles.
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Limestone
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Vinyl acrylic, or Polyvinyl acrylic, or Styrene acrylic, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – Water or white spirit, etc
 Additive – Driers (lead naphthenate and lead octanoate), Corrosion resistance agents (lead tetroxide), etc.

13. Metallic Paint

A paint which consists flecks of aluminium, copper, bronze, stainless steel or other metals thereby giving a metallic
appearance to the film is metallic paint.
Uses of Metallic Paint:
Metallic paints are more feasible for painting metallic surfaces, e.g. Vehicles, light fixtures, hardware, etc.
Ingredients of Metallic Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Mica
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered of aluminium, or copper, or bronze, or stainless steel,
or other metals
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Acrylic resin
 Solvent or Thinner – Water
 Additive – Driers, etc.

14. Rubber Paint

Rubber paint is an emulsion paint having chlorinated rubber as its binder or non-volatile vehicle. They withstand
water and other tough conditions. Rubber paint is also a kind of latex paint.
Uses of Rubber Paint:
Rubber paint is used to paint boats, swimming pools, etc. with a long-lasting alternative that would not wear down
over time. Rubber paint can also be applied in some cases to wood, metal, concrete, fibreglass and plastic surfaces.
Ingredients of Rubber Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Titanium dioxide
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered of mineral particles
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Chlorinated rubber
 Solvent or Thinner – Water
 Additive – Not Added

15. Aluminium Paint

Aluminium paint is a coating material which is made by a mixture of oil varnish and aluminium pigment in the form
of thin flakes which overlap in the paint film. It reflects the sun’s radiation well and retains the heat in hot-air or hot-
water pipes or tanks. The resin helps the paint to flow, and gives it strength and durability, while the aluminium
flakes give the paint a shiny, metallic finish. This type of paint generally has a silvery finish, and many
manufacturers only produce one shade of aluminium-based paint.
Uses of Aluminium Paint:
Aluminium paint can be used on a variety of materials, including metals, wood, masonry, etc. Apart from that,
aluminium paint is also used for painting gas tanks, hot water pipes, marine piers, oil storage tanks, radiators, etc.
Composition of Aluminium Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Titanium dioxide
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered of mineral particles
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Oil varnish
 Solvent or Thinner – Mineral spirit
 Additive – Driers, etc.

16. Textured Paint

Textured paints consist of coarse grains (such as gypsum, sand, etc.) metal, ribbon, lace, leather, etc. with the water-
thinned binder used for creating a rough pattern effect on a wall. In recent times, textured paint has become one of
the most popular trends in painting as it enables to create different styles on the wall. Such paint simulates two
different senses: Sight and Touch.
Uses of Textured Paint:
As it gives an artistic look, you can use textured paint as an alternative for wallpaper. Also, it is a great solution to
hide uneven and imperfect wall surfaces.
Ingredients of Textured Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Gypsum, sand, etc.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered of mineral particles.
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigment – Colour particles that are larger than fine particle.
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Alkyd resins, or acrylic resin, or epoxy, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – Water
 Additive – Alkali resistance pigment, etc.
(Note: By changing the proportion of ingredients, the properties of textured paint can be modified based on the
intended use of that particular paint.)

17. Silicone Paint

Silicone paint is a special type of coating in which alkyd resins are modified by adding silicone. It has excellent
durability, toughness, good resistance to cracking and abrasion resistance caused by severe temperature changes.
Silicones are effective at very low concentrations; hence they are widely used to get the most out of both product
properties and processes.
Uses of Silicone Paint:
Silicone paint is mostly used as maintenance paint for steel and concrete, coating for exterior decorative items, and
for brass and aluminium. It is highly resistant to heat; hence it is used in chimneys, ovens, etc. It repels water on
masonry surfaces such as stone and brick. It is also a preferred choice to prevent corrosion in industrial structure
from the harsh corrosive environment. Certain silicone paints are transparent, and hence they are recommended for
cladding like exposed concrete, brick walls, stone cladding, etc.
Ingredients of Silicone Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Silicone
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powdered of Colour Minerals
 (Note: Clear Silicone paint has no colouring pigment.)
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigment – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Alkyd resins
 Solvent or Thinner – Mineral spirits
 Additive – Drier

18. Zinc-Rich Paint

Zinc-rich paint is made from a suitably high amount of zinc dust or zinc powder with organic or inorganic binders.
Zinc painting is also referred to as ‘cold galvanizing’.
Uses of Zinc-rich Paint:
Zinc-rich paint is more suitable to apply a top coat on steel or other metallic surfaces to prevent the continuous risk
of corrosion from the harsh environment.
Ingredients of Zink-Rich Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Zinc oxide
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – 65-95% metallic zinc powder
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigment – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Organic binders like alkyd silicates or acrylic resins or inorganic binders like ethyl
silicate
 Solvent or Thinner – Mineral Spirits
 Additive – Driers

19. Anti-Corrosive Paint

Anti-corrosive paint is a composition of corrosion resistant pigments such as zinc chromate, lead chromate or red
lead. It protects the metal components against degradation due to moisture, salt spray, oxidation or exposure to a
various environmental and industrial chemical.

Uses of Anti-Corrosive Paint:

The name itself suggests all. Anti-corrosive paint is used to paint the iron or steel products.
Ingredients of Anti-Corrosive Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – zinc chromate, or lead chromate, or zinc oxide, or zinc dust, or zinc chromate, or red
lead, etc.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Not Added
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigment – Not Added
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Linseed oil
 Solvent or Thinner – Mineral turpentine
 Additive – Drier

20. Fungicidal Paint

It is a paint which discourages the growth of fungi on its dry applied film. This paint penetrates deep into concrete
plaster to kill fungi. Generally, this paint is mixed with other paint to achieve the anti-fungal property. It helps to
protect and cease the surfaces from the attack of mould.

The fungicidal properties are normally conferred by the addition of special additives. Although certain pigments
such as zinc oxide, commonly used in paints may themselves contribute to the fungicidal properties of the paint.

Use of Fungicidal Paint:

Fungicidal paint can be used as an additive in the exterior and interior paint of the house to increases its anti-
fungicidal properties.
Ingredients of Fungicidal Paint:
 Base or Principal Pigment – Titanium oxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, etc.
 Colouring Pigment (Secondary Pigment) – Fine powder of Mineral
 Inert Filler or Extender Pigments – Colour particles greater than secondary pigment
 Vehicle or Binder or Resin – Alkyd resins, acrylic resin, epoxy, etc.
 Solvent or Thinner – Water, or white spirit, etc.
 Additive – Fungicidal like mixture of Arylmethanol and Halogen Alkylacylamino Methanol, etc.
Final Thoughts:
House painting is an easy way to refresh your home and a subtle way to change the aura of your home. A fresh coat
of paint gives longevity to your home, adds value to it and makes it more attractive. People get their house painted
for various reasons. Thus, paints are first the things that come to your mind while you repair the old house
or construct a new house or you want to repair or renewal your existing home.
Nowadays, there are many types of paint available in the market with which you can decor your interior as well as
exterior of the house. But it is essential to know the right paint based on its life under the effect of the environment.
If you do not have adequate information about the paints, if you cannot distinguish between the qualities of paints
and make out which one is better or economical or which is the one that suits a given particular surface, then how
will you select the right kind of paint? So, the aforementioned guide provided to you that will give you an idea of
various types of paints and will help to improve your knowledge regarding the same. Who knows, someday this
should aggrandize your fortune while you carry out painting work of your home!
Following is the list of different types of paint that are used on both interior as well as exterior surfaces;

01. Whitewash 02. Oil Paint 03. Emulsion Paint 04. Cement-Based Paint 05. Enamel Paint 06. Distemper Paint
07. Bituminous Paint 08. Epoxy Paint 09. Anti-condensation Paint 10. Luminous Paint 11. Latex Paint 12. Lead
Paint 13. Metallic Paint 14. Natural Rubber Paint 15. Aluminium Paint 16. Textured Paint 17. Silicone Paint
18. Zinc Rich Paint 19. Anti-Corrosive Paint 20. Fungicidal Paint