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  • Introduction To Functional Analysis

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    Lovenya Jain
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    This document provides an introduction to functional analysis. It defines two key concepts in 3 sentences: 1) Sequential continuity: A function f from X to Y is sequentially continuous if for any sequence (Xn) in X that converges to X, the sequence (f(Xn)) converges to f(X). 2) Cauchy sequence: A sequence (Xn) in a normed linear space (X, ||·||) is a Cauchy sequence if for every ε > 0, there exists an N such that ||Xn - Xm|| < ε for all n, m ≥ N. 3) It proves that the map d defined on a normed linear space (X

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    Introduction to Functional Analysis

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    This document provides an introduction to functional analysis. It defines two key concepts in 3 sentences: 1) Sequential continuity: A function f from X to Y is sequentially continuous if for any sequence (Xn) in X that converges to X, the sequence (f(Xn)) converges to f(X). 2) Cauchy sequence: A sequence (Xn) in a normed linear space (X, ||·||) is a Cauchy sequence if for every ε > 0, there exists an N such that ||Xn - Xm|| < ε for all n, m ≥ N. 3) It proves that the map d defined on a normed linear space (X

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    9 views14 pages

    Introduction To Functional Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Lovenya Jain
    This document provides an introduction to functional analysis. It defines two key concepts in 3 sentences: 1) Sequential continuity: A function f from X to Y is sequentially continuous if for any sequence (Xn) in X that converges to X, the sequence (f(Xn)) converges to f(X). 2) Cauchy sequence: A sequence (Xn) in a normed linear space (X, ||·||) is a Cauchy sequence if for every ε > 0, there exists an N such that ||Xn - Xm|| < ε for all n, m ≥ N. 3) It proves that the map d defined on a normed linear space (X

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 14

    INTRODUCTION TO FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS

    DEEPANKAR BANSAL

    2021BYATIOTOP

    MATH F341
    from 1 and 2
    , 111x11-11y111111X-yll

    Sequential continuity :
    Sequence (Xn) + X then we snow

    11 Xnll >
    -

    11 XII .

    Ex is
    : 11 ·
    11 a continuous function in X

    Sol : let &Xn] be


    any sequence
    in X such that X n -x EX

    - for 330 7 no EN such that I/Xo-X11 < EXnI no


    any

    aim : 11Xull >


    - 11X1I

    1 lIXull-11 X11I [IIXn-XII Enzno

    - IIXn11 11 11 is
    function
    >
    -

    11X1I as n >
    - C : ·
    a continuous

    >
    - Lecture -
    2 (12thJaul

    sequence in X Then EXnY


    is said to
    Let
    cauchy
    Xu] be be
    any .

    in X F 270 7 number (3) that


    sequence .

    Iff ,
    a the such

    11 Xn-Xmll <E F n m2 % o
    ,

    Theorem : Let (X ,
    11 :
    11) be a normed linear
    space
    .
    Define a
    +

    map d XxX U10Y d(x 11X


    -y11v(X y) * xX
    : R
    by y)
    >
    - =
    ,
    ,

    then show that (X d) is ,


    a metric .
    space

    Proof i) d(x d(y X)


    :
    y)
    =
    , ,

    & (X
    y) 11X
    y1) 11(1)(y x))) 1
    111)y xl) =
    11y Xl) =
    d(y x)
    -
    =
    - - -

    =
    -
    = ,
    ,
    IR is i is Barack
    complete ,
    so
    space

    I is
    2n Xn +
    iyn + ii is Barack space as
    complete
    =

    Xntiyn
    > not co
    In as > X + when
    2
    y
    -
    -

    IR2 IR" in Barack Banach spaces


    , ,
    are
    spaces .
    n
    tuples are

    >
    -
    Tutorial -
    2 (17 Jan)

    Ex Let Y[so X and is Then Y is


    : X a Banach
    Space .
    snow that

    of Y is closed
    complete

    Sol le y is &Y
    : be complete .
    It
    enough
    to show to
    prove
    Y is closed
    .

    Let x - 7 XnYst Xn-X as n + e


    ,
    a
    seq
    LXnY is in y in Y is
    way carchy
    - as
    a
    covery seq seg covery
    But is a F
    yeYstXn
    co
    y
    complete
    + as ->
    y
    ·: limit is unique
    · ntY
    x
    y -
    =

    let < XnY in Y and YIX


    conversely ,
    be
    any cauery sequence
    - <XnY is a csinX and X is Barach
    space
    & IXEX St Xn-X as n > &-

    X EY as X is closed s Vis complete


    such that in X
    Xn +
    yn- X

    Sol : Let &Xn + Y Y be a


    seg in 1
    Y

    in X
    let 7
    yntY Such that
    Xntyn
    +
    a
    seg X

    Aim : Xn + Y >
    - X + Y in 1
    Y

    1) (Xn + y) -

    (X + Y)(l) =
    11(Xu -
    x) + y/1)
    =
    inf(l(Xn -x) + yl)
    YEY

    ↓ 11 (n -

    x) +
    yull t + Unl

    >
    - 0 as n + C

    Y
    in
    uXn + y + x +

    ep <X (Xn) xili cou


    :
    = =

    'IP
    11X11p
    =

    (ii) ,
    1PEC

    10 = (X =
    (xn) :
    (Xu) is bounded Y

    11 X
    la =

    SPIXi)
    If : + and" so
    19 , b)
    L =
    is les measurable

    11
    flp
    =
    (SY P)"P +

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