ATMOSPHERE

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TABLE OF CONTENTS:-
ATMOSPHERE
ROLE OF EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE
COMPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERE
MAJOR GREENHOUSE GASES
STRUCTURE OF ATMOSPHERE

1. TROPOSPHERE
2. STRATOSPHERE
3. MESOSPHERE
4. THERMOSPHERE
5. EXOSPHERE
 ATMOSPHERE
The envelope of gases
surrounding the earth is

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called the atmosphere.

These gases are inseparable

from the earth because of the
force of gravity.

Generally it extends upto

about 1600 km.
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 ROLE OF EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE
Protect from harmful
gases like UV ray.

Regulate theCds.journey
temperature of the Earth.

The atmosphere also

takes care of extra
-terrestrial objects like
meteors.
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 COMPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERE

The atmosphere is made

up of different gases.

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It contains huge numbers of
solid and liquid particles
collectively called ‘aerosols’.

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OXYGEN

oxygen can combine with

other elements to form

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important compounds, such
as, oxides.

It is needed for major

processes in the atmosphere
like
Respiration,photosynthesis,
Combustion.
 NITROGEN

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It is a relatively inert gas.

It is an important
constituent of all
organic compounds.

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CARBON DIOXIDE

It is colourless and non-flammable gas.

It plays vital role in Photosynthesis and Respiration

process.
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Carbon dioxide is an important Greenhouse gas.

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OZONE (03)

The ozone layer found in the

stratosphere, found mainly
between 20 - 25 km.

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It acts as a Earth's
“sunscreen”
which filter and absorbs the
UV rays.

The relative thickness r is

measured in Dobson Units.
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WATER VAPOUR

It is the gaseous phase of

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water.

It is the source of
precipitation and clouds.

It is act like the blanket of the

earth.
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SOLID PARTICLES

It consist of sand particle,

pollen grains, small organisms,

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soot, ocean salts etc.

They perform the function

of absorbing, reflecting
and scattering the radiation.

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 Responsible for the orange
and red colours at sunset and
sunrise, blue colour of the sky
and for the length of dawn

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and twilight .

Dust particles are

hygroscopic and help in
condensation of water
vapours.
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MAJOR GREENHOUSE GASES

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 STRUCTURE OF ATMOSPHERE

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 TROPOSPHERE
Height - 18 km on the equator
and 8 km on the poles.

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All kinds of weather
changes(cyclones,
anticyclones, storms and
precipitation)take place.

This layer is called ‘changing

sphere’ because air never
remains static.
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The zone separating troposphere from the stratosphere is
known as tropopause.

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The environmental
temperature decreases with

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increasing height of the
atmosphere. This is called
Normal Lapse Rate.

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 STRATOSPHERE
Height - extend upto 50 km.

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It is considered ideal for flying of
aircraft.

The upper limit of the stratosphere

is known as stratopause.

it contains a layer of ozone gas.

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 MESOSPHERE

Height - extend upto 80 km .

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Meteors or falling stars
occur in this layer.

The upper limit of the

mesosphere is known as
mesopause.

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 THERMOSPHERE

It located between 80 and 400 km

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above the mesopause.

it is also known as the Ionosphere.

Aurora’s are observed in lower parts

of this layer.

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This layer helps in radio
transmission.

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The International Space Station
and satellites orbit in this layer

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 EXOSPHERE
Height - extend upto 400
km.

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The density of air is very
less here.

Light gases like helium

and hydrogen float into
the space from here.

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