PROPOSITION

Proposition (p) is a declarative sentence that is either true or false, but not both.
If a proposition is TRUE, then its truth value is TRUE which is denoted by T.
If a proposition is FALSE, then its truth value is FALSE which is denoted by F.

Example:
Determine whether each of the following statements is a proposition or not. If it is a proposition, give its
truth value.
1. p: Visayas is an island in the Philippines.
Answer: p is a TRUE proposition.
2. q: Find a number which divides your age.
Answer: q is NOT a proposition. (It is an imperative sentence)
3. r: My seatmate will get a perfect score in the logic exam.
Answer: r is a proposition. (It is a proposition because the statement is a declarative sentence but
we can’t tell yet its truth value because it needs a result from the exam)
4. s: Welcome to the Philippines!
Answer: s is NOT a proposition. (It is an exclamatory sentence)
5. t: 3 + 2 = 5
Answer: t is a TRUE proposition. (The sum of 3 and 2 is really 5)
6. u: What is the domain of the function?
Answer: u is NOT a proposition. (It is an interrogative sentence)
7. v: I am lying.
Answer: v is NOT a proposition. (Even if the statement is a declarative sentence, it can neither be
true nor false.)
8. w: Either logic is fun and interesting or it is boring.
Answer: w is a TRUE proposition.
9. x: If you are a Grade 11 student, then you are a Filipino.
Answer: x is a FALSE proposition. (Not all Grade 11 students are Filipino)

*** Note: Not all Declarative sentence is a proposition. ***

PROPOSITION

Compound Proposition
Simple Proposition
is a proposition form form simplier
a proposition is simple if it cannot
propositions using logical
be broken down any further into
connectors (not, and, or, if, &
other component propositions.
then)

Numbers 1, 3 and 5 are examples of SP. Numbers 8 & 9 are example of CP.
#8. w: Either logic is fun and interesting or it is boring.
-This statement can be broken down into 3 simple
component.
Simple Component:
w 1 : Logic is fun .
w 2 : Logic is interesting.
w 3 : Logic is boring .