OGM

Kimya 6¿Q¿I MATERYAL

ORTAP)Zd7D'E>DmmZ>m)m

KONU MODERN ATOM TEORİSİ

DKZEdKDdKZ7^7
3HUL\RGLN6LVWHPYH(OHNWURQ'L]LOLPOHUL
3HUL\RGLN6LVWHPYH(OHNWURQ Sorular
Dizilimleri
8\DU¿OP¿Å$WRPTemel hâldeki bir XϮͲ ŝLJŽŶƵŶƵŶĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝ
DWRPHQHUMLDO¿UVDDWRPXQWHPHOKžOGHNL Elementlerin Elektron Dizilimi, Grup-WĞƌŝLJŽƚ<ĂǀƌĂŵŦ ƉϲŝůĞďŝƚŵĞŬƚĞǀĞĞůĞŵĞŶƚϰ͘
ELUHOHNWURQX¸VWHQHUMLNDWPDQ¿QD£¿NDU ƉĞƌŝLJŽƩĂLJĞƌĂůŵĂŬƚĂĚŦƌ͘
ŝƌĞůĞŵĞŶƚŝŶƉĞƌŝLJŽĚŝŬƐŝƐƚĞŵĚĞŬŝLJĞƌŝŶŝďĞůŝƌůĞŵĞŬŝĕŝŶĂƔĂŒŦĚĂŬŝ
%XDWRPDX\DU¿OP¿ÅDWRPHOHNWURQDLVH ƵŶĂŐƂƌĞďƵĞůĞŵĞŶƟŶĂƚŽŵ
X\DU¿OP¿ÅHOHNWURQGHQLU ďĂƐĂŵĂŬůĂƌƵLJŐƵůĂŶŦƌ͗ ŶƵŵĂƌĂƐŦŬĂĕƨƌ͍
8\DU¿OP¿ÅKžOGHDWRPNDUDUV¿]G¿U ĂͿϯϮ ďͿϯϰ ĐͿϯϲ ĚͿ
8\DU¿OP¿ÅELUDWRPGDNLHOHNWURQWHPHO ‫ ٱ‬Elementin temel hâldeki ĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝLJĂnjŦůŦƌ͘ ϯϴ ĞͿϰϬ
KžOHG²QHUNHQHQHUMLYHULU Cevap: B
1Na elementinin temel hâl elektron ‫ ٱ‬ŶLJƺŬƐĞŬĞŶĞƌũŝĚƺnjĞLJŝ;ďĂƔŬƵĂŶƚƵŵƐĂLJŦƐŦͿďĞůŝƌůĞŶŝƌ͘ƵƐĂLJŦĞůĞŵĞŶƚŝŶƉĞƌŝLJŽƚ /͘ϭϱWĂƚŽŵƵŬƺƌĞƐĞůƐŝŵĞƚƌŝŬƟƌ͘
1
GL]LOLPi II͘ 24ƌĂƚŽŵƵŶƵŶϲƚĂŶĞLJĂƌŦĚŽůƵ
ŶƵŵĂƌĂƐŦĚŦƌ͘ ŽƌďŝƚĂůŝǀĂƌĚŦƌ͘
Na: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 ƔĞŬůŝŶĚĞĚŝƌ͘
‫ ٱ‬ĞŒĞƌůŝŬĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶůĂƌŦŶŦŶƚŽƉůĂŵƐĂLJŦƐŦďƵůƵŶƵƌ͘dŽƉůĂŵƐĂLJŦϭϬ͛ĚĂŶďƺLJƺŬƐĞϭϬ
11
Na elementinin enerji alarak III͘ 2,ĞƉĞƌŝLJŽĚŝŬĐĞƚǀĞůĚĞϮ
11
X\DU¿OP¿Å KžOGHNLHOHNWURQGL]LOLPL ŐƌƵďƵŶĚĂLJĞƌĂůŦƌ͘
ĕŦŬĂƌŦůŦƌ͘ƵƐĂLJŦĞůĞŵĞŶƚŝŶŐƌƵƉŶƵŵĂƌĂƐŦĚŦƌ͘
Na 1s2 2s2 2p6 4s1 zƵŬĂƌŦĚĂǀĞƌŝůĞŶŝĨĂĚĞůĞƌĚĞŶ
11
ǀĞLJĂ Elementlerin Elektron Dizilimi, Grup-WĞƌŝLJŽƚ<ĂǀƌĂŵŦ ŚĂŶŐŝůĞƌŝĚŽŒƌƵĚƵƌ͍
Na 1s2 2s2 2p6 3p1 ƔĞŬůŝŶĚĞŽůĂďŝůŝƌ͘ ĂͿzĂůŶŦnj/͘ ďͿ/ǀĞ//͘ ĐͿ/
(OHPHQWOHULQ(OHNWURQ'L]LOLPL*UXS3H (OHPHQWOHULQ(OHNWURQ'L]LOLPL*UXS3H
11
Elementlerin
UL\RW.DYUDP¿Elektron Dizilimi, Grup-WĞƌŝLJŽƚ<ĂǀƌĂŵŦ
ůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝŶĚĞŬŝĞŶƐŽŶŽƌďŝƚĂůƚƺƌƺďĞůŝƌůĞŶŝƌ͘
UL\RW.DYUDP¿ ǀĞ///͘ ĚͿ//ǀĞ///͘ ĞͿ/͕//ǀĞ///͘
ĞŒĞƌůŝŬKƌďŝƚĂůŝǀĞĞŒĞƌůŝŬůĞŬƚƌŽŶƵ Cevap: B
ƚŽŵƵŶĞŶLJƺŬƐĞŬĞŶĞƌũŝĚƺnjĞLJŝŶĚĞŬŝ %LUHOHPHQWLQSHUL\RGLNVLVWHPGHNL\HUL (OHNWURQGL]LOLPLQGHNLHQVRQRUELWDO
s : s blok,
ŝƌĞůĞŵĞŶƚŝŶƉĞƌŝLJŽĚŝŬƐŝƐƚĞŵĚĞŬŝLJĞƌŝŶŝďĞůŝƌůĞŵĞŬŝĕŝŶĂƔĂŒŦĚĂŬŝ
QLEHOLUOHPHNL£LQDÅD½¿GDNL W¸U¸EHOLUOHQLU 19
<ĞůĞŵĞŶƟŝůĞŝůŐŝůŝ͖
ŽƌďŝƚĂůůĞƌŝŶĞĚĞŒĞƌůŝŬŽƌďŝƚĂůůĞƌŝ͕ĚĞŒĞƌůŝŬ /͘ϰ͘ƉĞƌŝLJŽƚϭŐƌƵďƵĞůĞŵĞŶƟĚŝƌ͘
EDVDPDNODUX\JXODQ¿U VVEORN
ŽƌďŝƚĂůůĞƌŝŶĚĞŬŝĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶůĂƌĂĚĞŒĞƌůŝŬ p:
❍p blok,
Elementin temel hâldeki elektron SSEORN //͘ϱƚĂŶĞƚĂŵĚŽůƵŽƌďŝƚĂůŝǀĂƌĚŦƌ͘
ĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶůĂƌŦĚĞŶŝƌ͘ ďĂƐĂŵĂŬůĂƌƵLJŐƵůĂŶŦƌ͗
GL]LOLPL\D]¿O¿U GGEORN ///͘ƐďůŽŬƵŶĚĂďƵůƵŶƵƌ͘
ůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝŶƐŝůĞƐŽŶůĂŶĂŶĂƚŽŵůĂƌŦŶ d: d blok,
❍(Q\¸NVHNHQHUMLG¸]H\L EDÅNXDQWXP IIEORN LJĂƌŐŦůĂƌŦŶĚĂŶŚĂŶŐŝůĞƌŝĚŽŒƌƵĚƵƌ͍
ĚĞŒĞƌůŝŬĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶƐĂLJŦƐŦŶƐŽƌďŝƚĂůůĞƌŝŶĚĞŬŝ ‫ٱ‬
VD\¿V¿ Elementin temel hâldeki ĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝLJĂnjŦůŦƌ͘
EHOLUOHQLU%XVD\¿HOHPHQWLQSHUL\RW
f : f blok
HOHPHQWLROGX½XQXJ²VWHULU$\Q¿]D ĂͿzĂůŶŦnj/ ďͿ/ǀĞ// ĐͿ/
ĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶƐĂLJŦƐŦŶĂĞƔŝƫƌ͘ QXPDUDV¿G¿U PDQGDHOHNWURQGL]LOLPLVYH\DSLOHELWL ǀĞ/// ĚͿ//ǀĞ/// ĞͿ/͕//ǀĞ///
‫ ٱ‬ŶLJƺŬƐĞŬĞŶĞƌũŝĚƺnjĞLJŝ;ďĂƔŬƵĂŶƚƵŵƐĂLJŦƐŦͿďĞůŝƌůĞŶŝƌ͘ƵƐĂLJŦĞůĞŵĞŶƚŝŶƉĞƌŝLJŽƚ
Na : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 Mg: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 ❍'H½HUOLNHOHNWURQODU¿Q¿QWRSODPVD\¿V¿ \RUVD$JUXEXGLOHELWL\RUVD%JUXEXILOH Cevap: C
11 ĞůĞŵĞŶƚŝŽůĚƵŒƵŶƵŐƂƐƚĞƌŝƌ͘LJŶŦnjĂŵĂŶĚĂĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝƐǀĞLJĂƉŝůĞďŝƚŝLJŽƌƐĂŐƌƵďƵ͕Ě
EXOXQXU7RSODPVD\¿ÜGDQE¸\¸NVH£¿ ELWL\RUVDHOHPHQWLQODQWDQLWDNWLQLWVHULVLQ
ůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝŶƐŶƉŝůĞƐŽŶůĂŶĂŶ ile bitiyorsa B grubu, f ile bitiyorsa elementin lantanit-ĂŬƚŝŶŝƚƐĞƌŝƐŝŶĚĞŽůĚƵŒƵĂŶůĂƔŦůŦƌ͘
ŶƵŵĂƌĂƐŦĚŦƌ͘
NDU¿O¿U%XVD\¿HOHPHQWLQJUXSQXPDUDV¿G¿U GHROGX½XDQODÅ¿O¿U
ĂƚŽŵůĂƌŦŶĚĞŒĞƌůŝŬĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶƐĂLJŦƐŦŶƐŶƉ
ŽƌďŝƚĂůůĞƌŝŶĚĞŬŝĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶƐĂLJŦůĂƌŦŶŦŶƚŽƉůĂŵŦŶĂ
‫ ٱ‬ĞŒĞƌůŝŬĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶůĂƌŦŶŦŶƚŽƉůĂŵƐĂLJŦƐŦďƵůƵŶƵƌ͘dŽƉůĂŵƐĂLJŦϭϬ͛ĚĂŶďƺLJƺŬƐĞϭϬ
(OHPHQWOHULQ(OHNWURQ'L]LOLPL
Elementlerin Elektron Dizilimi, Grup-WĞƌŝLJŽƚ<ĂǀƌĂŵŦ
ĞƔŝƫƌ͘ *UXS3HUL\RW.DYUDP¿
C: 1s2 2s2 2p2
6
ů͗ϭƐ2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 ĕŦŬĂƌŦůŦƌ͘ƵƐĂLJŦĞůĞŵĞŶƚŝŶŐƌƵƉŶƵŵĂƌĂƐŦĚŦƌ͘
ůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝŶƐ;ŶͲϭͿĚŝůĞƐŽŶůĂŶĂŶ
ĂƚŽŵůĂƌŦŶĚĞŒĞƌůŝŬĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶƐĂLJŦƐŦŶƐ;ŶͲϭͿĚ Elementlerin Elektron Dizilimi, Grup-WĞƌŝLJŽƚ<ĂǀƌĂŵŦ 'H½HUOLNHOHNWURQXVD\¿V¿JUXSQXPDUDV¿
2UELWDOW¸U¸V VEORNX JUXSW¸U¸$JUXEX
ŽƌďŝƚĂůůĞƌŝŶĚĞŬŝĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶƐĂLJŦůĂƌŦŶŦŶƚŽƉůĂŵŦŶĂ
ĞƔŝƫƌ͘ ůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝŶĚĞŬŝĞŶƐŽŶŽƌďŝƚĂůƚƺƌƺďĞůŝƌůĞŶŝƌ͘ (Q\¸NVHNHQHUMLG¸]H\L SHUL\RWQXPDUDV¿SHUL\RW

22
dŝ͗΀ІЍƌ΁ϰs2ϯĚ2
ůĞŬƚƌŽŶĚŝnjŝůŝŵŝŶƐ;ŶͲϭͿĚŶƉŝůĞƐŽŶůĂŶĂŶ s : s blok,
ĂƚŽŵůĂƌŦŶĚĞŒĞƌůŝŬĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶ
ƐĂLJŦƐŦŶƐŶƉŽƌďŝƚĂůůĞƌŝŶĚĞŬŝĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶ
ƐĂLJŦůĂƌŦŶŦŶƚŽƉůĂŵŦŶĂĞƔŝƫƌ͘
p: p blok, JUXSQR
SHUL\RW JUXSQR 
 
SHUL\RW
GEORNX%JUXEX
34
^Ğ͗΀ІЍƌ΁ϰƐ2ϯĚ10 4p4 VEORNX$JUXEX