ARCHITECTURE HISTORY

AND THEORY
(ARC60804)

September 2023

GROUP 17
Project 1: Analysis Report

PARLIAMENT
BUILDING
 Ali Hayder Dheyaa Hayder
(0369854)

Alvin Tiong Jia Fu

(0362593)

Beh Yong Jian

(0367873)

Deepesh Hirani
(0367943)

Edmund Su Huo Hee

(0365234)

GROUP 17
Looi Zi Yang
(0363817)

Michelle Lim Sie Ee

(0367190)

Nur Farah Aina Binti Noor Ka-

maruzaman
(0369747)

Sin Le Qi
(0369682)

Wong Wei Hong

(0364563)
1 INTRODUCTION

2 FUN FACTS OF
THE BUILDING

3 HISTORY OF THE
BUILDING

4 THE ARCHITECT

5 ARCHITECTURAL LAYOUT
OF BUILDING

6
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION,
STRUCTURE & MATERIALS
ANALYSIS

7 ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS
/COMPONENTS ANAYLYSIS

8 REFERENCE LISTS
 Parliament House of Malaysia is designed and built at
1960s which is after the Independence Day of Malaysia
from British Colonial in August of 1957. Malaysia start-
ed to decline the western ‘progressive’ ideas and search
their roots to identify image of buildings that can rep-
resent the uniqueness from nationwide. When they de-
signed the Parliament House, they are largely focused at
local sociocultural and historical context while they also
embraced the minimalism and internationalism architec-
ture. Hence the architecture movement of Malaysia af-
ter Independence is progressively toward to Modernist
Functionalism and Traditional Functionalism rather than
Internationalism architecture such as Le Corbusier.

1 INTRODUCTION
 FUN FACTS ABOUT THE PARLIAMENT BUILDING: :GNIDLIUB TNEMAILRAP EHT TUOBA STCAF NUF
f the The Parliament Building had been prominently featured on the reverse of the
The Parliament Building had been prominently featured on the reverse of the eht fo esrever eht no derutaef yltnenimorp neeb dah gnidliuB tnemailraP ehT
. first series “sen” coins and the first and second series RM1000 bank notes.
first series “sen” coins and the first and second series RM1000 bank notes. .seton knab 0001MR seires dnoces dna tsrfi eht dna snioc ”nes“ seires tsrfi
FUN FACTS ABOUT THE PARLIAMENT BUILDING: FUN FACTS
The Parliament Building had been prominently featured on the reverse of the The Parlia
first series “sen” coins and the first and second series RM1000 bank notes. first series

FUN FACTS ABOUT THE PARLIAMENT BUILDING:

The Parliament Building had been prominently featured on the reverse of the
first series “sen” coins and the first and second series RM1000 bank notes.

FUN FACTS OF
2 THE BUILDING

Netizen thinks that the exterior appearance The Parliament Building had been
of parliament building looks like a cheese prominently featured on the re-
grater... verse of the first series “sen” coins
and the first and second series
RM1000 bank notes.
 HISTORY OF
3 THE BUILDING
31st 11th
August September 1957 December 1959

Malaysia Independence First meeting of the Par- Idea to construct Malaysia

Day liament of Federation of Parliament House
Malaysia

31st 21st
1961 August 1962 November 1963

‘West Folly Hill’ was cho- Tuanku Syed Putra Al-

sen for site of Parliament Haj Ibni Al-Marhum Syed
Building. Hassan Jamalullail laid the Parliament House was com-
foundation stone for the plete constructed.
building.
The first meeting of the Parliament of Fed-
eration of Malaysia on 11th September 1959 TUNKU ABDUL
at Tunku Abdul Rahman Hall marked an im-
portant event for the country as it was the RAHMAN’S STATUE
first time that the Parliament of Federation
of Malaya met with all its members.

Today, the meeting hall has been repur-

posed as the Malaysian Tourism and Infor-
mation Centre (MATIC).

The idea to construct a building specificial-

ly for Parliament was first brought up by
the first Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tunku
Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj in December
1959.

In the same year, a site of about 16.2 hect-

Image 1: Monument Statue of Tunku Abdul Rahman in
ares near to Lake Perdana, Kuala Lumpur front of The Parliament Building
was selected for the construction of the
Felix Weihs de Weldon
building. It was chosen because of the stra-
(1907-2003), titled as Tan
tegic location it had, being situated on top Sri at 1964. An American
of a hill and near to Kuala Lumpur city cen- sculpture who designed
tre. the monument statue of
Tunku Abdul Rahman and
In 1961, the hill of 16.2 hectares which was national monument, Tugu
Negara.
also known as the “West Folly Hill” was
being levelled for the early stages of con-
struction of the Parliament Building.

On the 31st of August 1962, the 3rd King,

Tuanku Syed Putra Al-Haj Ibni Al-Marhum
Syed Hassan Jamalullail laid the founda-
tion stone for the building.

The foundation stone also served as a time

captule which was purposely designed with
marble surfacing weighing 385kg, standing
2 feet width and 5 feet height, contained
a Hansard copy of the first meeting of the
House of Representatives 1958, newspaper,
some Malaysia currecy, tin ore, rubber and
paddy as a symbol.
After a year, on the 21st of November 1963,
the construction was completed and the
opening of the new parliament building
was officiated by the Third Yang di-Pertu-
an Agong, Tuanku Syed Putra Al-Haj Ibni
Al-Marhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail.
Image 1: Monument Statue Image 2: National
of Tunku Abdul Rahman Monument, Tugu Negara
During the official opening of the Parlia-
ment Building, the Tunku Abdul Rahman
statue was also erected near the Parlia-
ment square. The statue was designed by
an American sculptor, Felix de Weldon
who also designed the Malaysian National
Monument.
 William Ivor Shipley is a British architect who graduated from the Archi-
tectural Association School in London (AASchool)

Shipley met his wife, Stella, in Singapore when he served national service
as a British Army garrison engineer. Then applies in 1953 to the Crown
Agents to work in Singapore. Shipley arrived in Penang and worked on
the island until he went to Kuala Lumpur (KL) in 1956. He trained at The
Malaysian Public Works Department.

When Shipley was State Architect in Penang, he met Konrad Wachsmann

and showed him his design of a 40-inch grid system for modular timber
construction. This was the “General Panel System” co-designed by him
and Waletr Gropius in the winter of 1941, where modular building com-
ponents could be connected in three dimensions for small houses using
various aspects and methods.

THE
4 ARCHITECT
WILLIAM IVOR SHIPLEY (1929-2008)

The Parliament House was designed with the grid style to form a formal
facade, then they made the scale of grid columns 20*20 foot system.
Shipley shared and cleared the system and its steps to his team of plan-
ners, consultants and contractors so that they were also able to make
design execution regarding measurement that he put. Shipley chose this
design to give a formal and an organized shape to the structure. Ship-
ley’s thinking fell under logical and renewed thinking to give the charac-
teristic of repetition to the design.
ARCHITECTURAL
LAYOUT OF
5 THE BUILDING
 5.1 Plan and Elevation Analysis

The main buidling of the Prliament Bild-

ing and office tower are asymmetricsl.
The two complex area of the building are The main buidling of the Prliament Bild-
connected by a bridge which the length is Thearemain
ing and office tower building of the Parlia-
asymmetricsl.
around 200-foot. This bridge is extended The two complex ment
area of the building areand office tower are
Building
from the mai buiding accesss to the sec- connected
Theby main
a bridge which theof
buidling
asymmetrical. length is The two
the Prliament Bild-complex
Plan around 200-foot. This bridge is extended
ond floor of tower block. ing and office
area tower
of the are asymmetricsl.
building are connect-
Plan from the mai buiding accesss to the sec-
The
ond floor twoed
of tower complex
by aarea
block.
Symmetry and
of the building
bridge Balalnce
are length
which the
connected
is by a bridge200-foot.
around which the length
This isbridge is
Plan around extended
200-foot. Thisfrom
bridgethe
is extended
main building
from theaccess
mai buiding
to theaccesss
secondto the sec-of tower
floor
ond floor of tower block.
block.

The bridge is not just function as

the connecting of the office tow-
er and the main building but there
are also offices provided for the
Elevation committees and the members of
5.1 Plan and Elevation Analysis
parliament. Inside the bridge is
Elevation also equiped with basic necessi-
ties for such asPlan
chairs, tables, and
also loudspeakers to be used when
conderence is committing.

Both the elevation and plan of the building is asym-

- metrical in terms of the height and size of both spaces.
n This is The main buidling
to determine of the Prliament
the different Bild-
spaces used for dif-
- Elevation
The bridge is not just function as the con- ing and office tower are asymmetricsl.
ferent occasions.
s necting of the office tower and the main The two complex area of the building are
building but there are also offices provid- PlanBridge connected by a bridge which the length is
o
ed for the committees and the members around 200-foot. This bridge is extended
s from the mai buiding accesss to the sec-
e of parliament. Inside the bridge is also
5.1 Plan and with
equiped Elevation Analysis
basic necessities for such as
ond floor of tower block.
chairs, tables, and also loudspeakers to be
used when conference
Bridge is committing.

Bridge
The bridge is not just function as the con-
necting of the office tower and the main
building but there are also offices provid-
ed for the committees and the membersThe main buidling of the Prliament Bild-
of parliament. Inside the bridge is alsoing and office tower are asymmetricsl.
equiped with basic necessities for such asThe two complex area of the building are
connected by a bridge which the length is
chairs, tables, and also loudspeakers toElevation
Plan bearound 200-foot. This bridge is extended
used whenthe
Both conference is committing. Geometry
elevation
from the mai buiding accesss to the sec- Hierarchy
ond floor of tower block.
and plan of the
This building are main- Bridge The prism shape
building is asym-
ly formed in two ge- design of the main
metrical in terms of
ometry shape which building is outstand-
the height and size
are cuboid and prism. ing compare to the
of both spaces. This The bridge is not just function as the con-
The
necting ofmain
the officebuilding is
tower and the main surrounding build-
is to determine the
designed
building but there in shape
are also of
offices provid- ings which are all in
different spaces ed for the committees
prism, while and thethe tow-
members cuboid. This empha-
used for differenr of parliament. Inside the bridge is also
er next
equiped to necessities
with basic it is infor such
theas size the hierarchy of
occasions.
shape ofandcuboid.
chairs, tables, also loudspeakers to be the main building.
used when conference is committing.
Elevation
 Second Floor

The second floor plan consists of two different porch.

At the left side there are two big committee room
which can hold a total of 30 person and also 4 smaller
meeting room, each can fit 12 person. There is also a
resting area for the government officers.

resentatives At the right side got two dining hall. One of the dining
hall is only for the parliament and another one is only
for visitors and officers. Kitchen is located between two
dining hall where can serves the mealsto around 1000
people at the one point of time. The interconnection of
two dinning hall is the roof of the house of Represen-
tatives, the Taman Sari which allowed the Parliament
can rest in the middle of the conference.

Second Floor
Ground floor area KOTA MARUDU
Datuk Wetrom bin
RASAH
Tuan Cha Kee Chin
LABIS
Tuan Pang Hok
Liong
KOTA MELAKA
Tuan Khoo Poay
Tiong
BATU
Tuan Prabakaran
A/L M
Parameswaran
PH
BARAM
Dato Anyi Ngau

GPS
LAWAS
Dato Henry Sum
Agong

GPS
IGAN
Tuan Haji Ahmad
Johnie bin Zawawi

GPS
TANJONG MANIS
Tuan Haji Yusuf bin
Abd. Wahab

GPS
LEDANG
Tuan Syed Ibrahim
bin Syed Noh
BAYAN BARU
Tuan Sim Tze Tzin
TAIPING
Tuan Wong Kah
Woh
JELUTONG
Tuan Sanisvara
Nethaji Rayer A/L
First Floor
Bahanda PH PH PH
PH PH PH Rajaji
KDM PH BATANG SADONG
Puan Rodiyah binti
Sapiee
SIMPANG
MAS GADING SIBU
MIRI RENGGAM PAYA BESAR GPS
Tuan Mordi Bimol Tuan Oscar Ling
Tuan Chiew Choon Datuk Seri Utama Dato' Indera Mohd
SUNGAI SIPUT Chai Yew TANJUNG PIAI
Man Hasni bin Shahar bin Abdullah
Tuan Kesavan A/L PH Dato' Sri Dr. Wee KINABATANGAN
KEPONG PH Mohammad Datuk Seri Panglima KUDAT
Subramaniam PH BN Jeck Seng
Tuan Lim Lip Eng BN Bung Moktar bin Dato' Verdon bin
PH BN Radin SRI AMAN Bahanda
PH BN Dato' Sri Doris
BEBAS

Second Floor
Sophia anak Brodi

GPS

Seating of Senate Member’s

KENINGAU TUARAN TENOM
PUNCAK BORNEO Datuk Seri Panglima SELAYANG Tuan Riduan bin
Datuk Seri Panglima PASIR GUDANG SUNGAI PETANI
BERUAS Datuk Willie anak Dr. Jeffrey Gapari Tuan William Leong SUBANG BALIK PULAU Rubin
Madius Tangau Tuan Hassan bin Dr. Mohammed
KLUANG Dato' Ngeh Koo Mongin Kitingan Jee Keen Tuan Wong Chen Dato' Muhammad
SANDAKAN Puan Wong Shu Qi Abdul Karim KOTA BELUD Taufiq bin Johari
Ham Bakhtiar bin Wan BEBAS
Puan Vivian Wong STAR PH PH Puan Isnaraissah
Shir Yee GPS PH Chik Munirah Majilis
PH PH PH
PH PH BUKIT BENDERA
PH WARISAN Puan Syerleena binti
IPOH TIMOR
Abdul Rashid
Tuan Lee Chuan
PH How

MUAR BENTONG PH
Tuan Syed Saddiq BANDAR
JULAU JELEBU Puan Young Syefura
bin Syed Abdul KUALA STAMPIN KUCHING
Datuk Seri Haji BUKIT BINTANG binti Othman KAMPAR
Datuk Larry Soon @ Tuan Chong Chieng Dr. Kelvin Yii Lee TITIWANGSA
Rahman SELANGOR Jalaluddin bin Haji Tuan Fong Kui Lun PARIT SULONG Tuan Chong Zhemin
Larry Sng Wei Shien Jen Wuen Datuk Seri Johari
MUDA Datuk Seri Dr. Haji Alias Datuk Seri Dr.
PH bin Abdul Ghani PH
Dzulkefly bin Ahmad PH BN Noraini Ahmad
PUCHONG PBM PH
BN PH
Puan Yeo Bee Yin PH PULAI
BN
Tuan Suhaizan bin BATANG LUPAR

The second floor plan consists of two differe

PH AMPANG Kaiat Tuan Mohamad
Puan Rodziah binti Shafizan Haji Kepli
Ismail PH
SERIAN CHERAS PORT DICKSON
TAPAH Dato' Seri Haji BATU KAWAN PH BETONG GPS
Dato' Sri Richard Tuan Tan Kok Wai
GOMBAK Datuk Seri M. Riot anak Jaem Aminuddin bin Tuan Chow Kon Dr. Richard Rapu @
IPOH BARAT Aman anak Begri
Dato' Seri Amirudin Saravanan Harun Yeow
PH Tuan M. BANGI
bin Shari GPS PH
BN PH Kulasegaran Tuan Syahredzan
GPS
bin Johan
PH PH
SRI GADING PH SELANGAU

At the left side there are two big comm

Tuan Haji Tuan Edwin anak
LUBOK ANTU
SEMBRONG Aminolhuda bin KLANG Banta
DAMANSARA Tuan Roy Angau
Dato' Seri Hassan Tuan Ganabatirau anak Gingkoi
Tuan Gobind Singh GPS
Hishammuddin bin PH A/L Veraman
Deo
SEPUTEH Tun Hussein GPS
AYER HITAM PH

5.1.1 Ground Floor

PERMATANG Puan Teresa Kok PH BN Datuk Seri Ir. Dr. PEKAN
PAUH Suh Sim Wee Ka Siong Dato' Sri Sh
GUA MUSANG Tuan Muhammad Mohmed Puzi bin Sh PETALING JAYA
Tuan Mohd Azizi bin Fawwaz bin PH BN Tuan Lee Chean
Ali
Abu Naim Mohamad Jan Chung
PN BN

which can hold a total of 30 person and also

PN BAGAN BERA PH JEMPOL
GERIK
Tuan Lim Guan Eng Dato' Sri Ismail Dato' Haji
Tuan Fathul Huzir BUKIT GANTANG BANDAR TUN PUTATAN
MERBOK SEMPORNA Sabri bin Yaakob HULU RAJANG Shamshulkahar bin
bin Ayob PADANG BESAR Dato' Syed Abu RAZAK Datuk Ir. Shahelmey SUNGAI BULOH
Tuan Mohd Nazri Datuk Seri Panglima Datuk Wilson Ugak Mohd Deli TAWAU
Tuan Rushdan bin Hussin bin Hafiz Dato' Seri Dr. Wan bin Yahya Dato' Ramanan
PN bin Abu Hassan Haji Mohd Shafie bin PH BN anak Kumbong BN Tuan Lo Su Fui
Rusmi Syed Abdul Fasal Azizah Wan Ismail Ramakrishnan

Senate Hall
Haji Apdal
PN BN
PN PN PH GPS PH KUALA PILAH GRS
PASIR SALAK WARISAN Dato' Haji Adnan bin
Tuan Jamaludin bin
TANGGA BATU LIBARAN KALABAKAN Haji Abu Hassan
Yahya
KANGAR Tuan Haji Bakri bin Datuk Suhaimi bin Datuk Andi
Tuan Zakri bin JERAI SIBUTI
PN Jamaluddin Nasir Muhammad Suryady BN

meeting room, each can fit 12 person. The

Hassan Tuan Sabri bin Azit Dato Lukanisman
bin Bandy
PN bin Awang Sauni BN
KUANTAN PN KUALA KRAI KULAI BN TAMPIN
Tuan Wan Razali PN Puan Teo Nie Ching GPS Dato' Mohd Isam bin
KUALA KANGSAR Tuan Abdul Latiff bin
bin Wan Nor ROMPIN Abdul Rahman SIPITANG Mohd Isa
Datuk Iskandar
Dato' Haji Abdul Datuk Matbali bin BAKRI
PN Dzulkarnain bin PH BN
Khalib bin Abdullah PN Musah Tuan Tan Hong Pin
Abdul Khalid LANGKAWI SEPANGGAR
Dato' Haji Mohd Datuk Ts. Mustapha BATU PAHAT
SABAK BERNAM PN Suhaimi bin Sakmud GRS
Tuan Kalam bin PN PH Tuan Onn bin Abu
Abdullah Bakar
Salan
KUALA KRAU PN PH

resting area for the government officers.

JERLUN RANAU PH
PN Dr. Abd Ghani bin Tuan Haji Kamal bin MACHANG BATU SAPI RAUB
Datuk Jonathan
Ahmad Ashaari Tuan Wan Ahmad Tuan Khairul Tuan Chow Yu Hui
Yasin
PARIT Fayhsal bin Wan Firdaus bin Akbar TEBRAU
Tuan Muhammad PN PN Ahmad Kamal Khan Tuan Jimmy Puah
DUNGUN HANG TUAH JAYA GRS PH
Ismi bin Mat Taib PN GRS Tuan Adam Adli bin Wee Tse
Tuan Haji Wan
PADANG RENGAS SETIU Hassan bin Mohd Abd Halim
PN SEGAMAT GOPENG PH
Kapten Azahari bin Tuan Ramli Tuan Yuneswaran Tuan Tan Kar Hing
LUMUT Hasan Shaharizukirnain bin PH
PN A/L Ramaraj SHAH ALAM
Komander Nordin Abd. Kadir
Tuan Azli bin Yusof
bin Ahmad Ismail PN PN PH PH
TLDM (Bersara)
MARAN PH
PN PASIR MAS KIMANIS
KEPALA BATAS KAPAR Dato' Sri Dr. Haji TANJONG WANGSA MAJU TENGGARA
Tuan Ahmad Fadhli Datuk Mohamad bin
TEMERLOH Dr. Siti Mastura binti Dr. Hajah Halimah Ismail bin Haji Abd. Puan Lim Hui Ying Tuan Zahir bin Tuan Manndzri bin
bin Shaari Alamin HULU LANGAT
Puan Hajah Muhammad Ali Muttalib Hassan Nasib Tuan Mohd Sany bin
Salamiah binti Mohd PN PN BN PH Hamzan
Nor PN PN PH BN
PN PH

RANTAU
KULIM BANDAR TUMPAT ARAU KAPIT

House of Representatives
KUALA NERUS PANJANG SANTUBONG SEKIJANG SENATOR
BAHARU Dato' Hajah Mumtaz Dato' Seri Dr. Dato Sri Alexander

At the right side got two dining hall. One of

Dato' Dr. Alias bin Dato' Hajah Siti Dato' Sri Hajah Dr. Zaliha binti Puan Hajah Fuziah
Tuan Roslan bin binti Md Nawi Zailah binti Mohd Shahidan bin Kasim Nanta Linggi
Razak Nancy Shukri Mustafa binti Salleh
Hashim Yusoff
PN PN PN PN PN GPS GPS PH

PENGKALAN INDERA MAHKOTA KOTA

BESUT CHEPA REMBAU SENATOR SEPANG
PADANG TERAP JASIN Dato' Sri Saifuddin SEGAMBUT SAMARAHAN
Datuk Che Datuk Haji Ahmad Dato' Seri Utama Datuk Seri Diraja Dr. Datuk Hajah Aiman
Tuan Nurul Amin bin Tuan Zulkifli bin Abdullah Puan Hannah Yeoh Datuk Hajah Rubiah
Mohamad Zulkifly Marzuk bin Shaary Mohamad bin Haji Zambry bin Abd Athirah binti Sabu
Hamid Ismail Tseow Suan binti Haji Wang
bin Jusoh Hasan Kadir
PN PN PN PN PN BN PH GPS PH

hall is only for the parliament and another

TANJONG BUKIT GELUGOR
KARANG KUALA LANGAT KETEREH SUNGAI BESAR TELUK INTAN PENAMPANG BATU GAJAH ALOR GAJAH SENATOR
Datuk Muslimin bin PUTRAJAYA Tuan Ramkarpal
Kapten Dato' Dr. Dato' Dr. Ahmad Dato' Khlir bin Mohd Tuan Nga Kor Ming Datuk Ewon Tuan Sivakumar Tuan Haji Adly bin Puan Saraswathy
Yahaya Dr. Radzi Jidin Singh A/L Karpal
Zulkafperi bin Yunus bin Hairi Nor Benedick Varatharaju Naidu Zahari A/P Kandasami
Singh
Hanapi (Bersara)
PN PN PN PN PN PH PH PH PH PH

TASEK GELUGOR
KUALA KEDAH PARIT BUNTAR Datuk Wan POKOK SENA SENATOR JOHOR BAHRU
BAGAN SERAI PANDAN SETIAWANGSA PENSIANGAN SARIKEI
Dr. Ahmad Tuan Haji Mohd Saifulruddin bin Wan Dato' Ahmad bin Dato' Setia Dr. Haji Tuan Haji Akmal
Datuk Haji Idris bin Tuan Mohd Rafizi Tuan Nik Nazmi bin Datuk Arthur Joseph Dato' Sri Huang

for visitors and officers. Kitchen is located be

Fakhruddin bin Misbahul Munir bin Jan Saad @ Yahaya Mohd Na'im bin Haji Nasrullah bin Haji
Haji Ahmad bin Ramli Nik Ahmad Kurup Tiong Sii
Fakhrurazi Masduki Mokhtar Mohd. Nasir
PN PN PN PN PN PH PH PH BN GPS

KOTA RAJA TANJONG MALIM

BALING JELI SARATOK BELURAN KANOWIT KOTA KINABALU LAHAD DATU BEAUFORT
Datuk Seri Haji Tuan Chang Lih
Tuan Hassan bin Tuan Zahari bin Datuk Ali anak Biju Datuk Seri Dr. Datuk Aaron Ago Tuan Chan Foong Dato' Mohammad Datuk Siti Aminah
Mohamad bin Sabu Kang
Saad Kechik Ronald Kiandee Dagang Hin Yusof bin Apdal binti Aching

PN PN PN PN PH PH GPS PH WARISAN BN

dining hall where can serves the mealsto ar

MERSING KUALA KUBANG KERIAN
KUBANG PASU HULU KOTA TINGGI LEMBAH PANTAI LIMBANG ISKANDAR PUTERI
Tuan Haji TERENGGANU Dato' Sri Tuan SEREMBAN LANANG
Dato' Wira Dr. Ku TERENGGANU Datuk Seri Tuan Ahmad Fahmi Datuk Haji Hasbi bin Tuan Liew Chin
Datuk Haji Ahmad Tuan Loke Siew

First Floor
Muhammad Abd Rahman bin Ku Dato' Rosol bin Ibrahim bin Tuan Mohamed Khaled bin Mohamed Fadzil Haji Habibollah Puan Alice Lau
Amzad bin Fook Tong
Islahuddin bin Abas Ismail Wahid Man bin Nordin Kiong Yieng
Mohamed @
PN PN Hashim PN PN PN PH BN PH GPS PH PH

ALOR SETAR PASIR PUTEH SENATOR BUKIT MERTAJAM

JERANTUT Datuk Dr. Nik BACHOK Tengku Datuk Seri LENGGONG CAMERON
Tuan Afnan Hamimi MARANG PETRAJAYA NIBONG TEBAL Tuan Sim Chee
Ir. Ts. Haji Khairil Muhammad Zawawi Tuan Mohd Syahir Utama Zafrul bin Datuk Seri Dr. HIGHLANDS
bin Taib Azamudden Tan Sri Haji Abdul Dato' Sri Haji Puan Fadhlina binti Keong
Nizam bin Khirudin bin Che Sulaiman Shamsul Anuar bin Dato' Ramli bin

people at the one point ofAttime. Thethere intercon

bin Haji Salleh Hadi bin Awang Fadillah bin Yusof Tengku Abdul Aziz Sidek
Haji Nasarah Dato' Mohd Nor
PN PN PN PN PN GPS PH PH BN BN

the first floor, is a cantee

HULU SELANGOR LABUAN MASJID TANAH PAGOH BAGAN DATUK PONTIAN LIPIS
Tuan Haji Mohd PENDANG PAPAR
Dato' Indera Dr. Datuk Wira Hajah Tan Sri Dato' Haji Dato' Seri Dr. Datuk Seri Haji Dato' Sri Haji Abdul
Hasnizan bin Harun Datuk Haji Awang Datuk Armizan bin
Suhaili bin Abdul Mas Ermieyati binti Mahiaddin bin Haji Ahmad Zahid bin Ahmad bin Haji Rahman bin
bin Hashim Mohd Ali
Rahman Samsudin Mohd. Yassin Hamidi Maslan Mohamad
PN PN PN PN PN BN GRS BN BN

to the press media room and b

Seating Plan Dewan Rakyat

two dinning hall is the roof of the house oft

SIK TANAH MERAH KOTA BHARU SENATOR
LARUT TAMBUN Datuk Seri Saifuddin PENGERANG BINTULU MUKAH
andangan Speaker PADANG SERAI

The ground floor of the Parliament Building is a spa-

Tuan Ahmad Dato' Sri Ikmal Datuk Seri Dato' Seri Hamzah Dato Hajah Hanifah
Dato' Azman bin Dato' Seri Anwar bin Nasution bin Ismail Dato' Sri Azalina Dato' Seri Tiong
Tarmizi bin Hisham bin Abdul Takiyuddin bin bin Zainudin Hajar Taib
Nasrudin Ibrahim Othman Said King Sing
Sulaiman Aziz Hassan
arikh Akhir Kemaskini:

This layout can help to ease

PN PN PN PN PN PH BN GPS GPS
7 Oktober 2023

House of Representative Member’s Seating tatives, the Taman Sari which allowed the
movement of the officers, report
cious area. A prayer hall has been built in later stage who conference to get food and b

Seating of Senate Member’s can rest in the middle of the conference.

parliament.
on the ground floor. This prayer hall is in circular form
with a 36 feet width in diameter and able to accomo-
date around 100 worshippers. There is also a banquet
BATU IGAN
BARAM LAWAS TANJONG MANIS LEDANG
KOTA MELAKA Tuan Prabakaran Tuan Haji Ahmad
LABIS Dato Henry Sum Tuan Haji Yusuf bin Tuan Syed Ibrahim BAYAN BARU TAIPING
RASAH Tuan Khoo Poay A/L M Dato Anyi Ngau
Tuan Pang Hok Agong Johnie bin Zawawi Abd. Wahab bin Syed Noh Tuan Sim Tze Tzin Tuan Wong Kah JELUTONG
KOTA MARUDU Tuan Cha Kee Chin Tiong Parameswaran
Liong Woh Tuan Sanisvara
Datuk Wetrom bin GPS GPS
PH GPS GPS Nethaji Rayer A/L
Bahanda PH PH PH
PH PH Rajaji
PH
KDM PH BATANG SADONG
Puan Rodiyah binti
Sapiee
SIMPANG
MAS GADING SIBU
MIRI RENGGAM PAYA BESAR GPS

hall which is able to fit in 500 people in maximum.

Tuan Mordi Bimol Tuan Oscar Ling
Tuan Chiew Choon Datuk Seri Utama Dato' Indera Mohd
SUNGAI SIPUT Chai Yew TANJUNG PIAI
Man Hasni bin Shahar bin Abdullah
Tuan Kesavan A/L PH Dato' Sri Dr. Wee KINABATANGAN
KEPONG PH Mohammad Datuk Seri Panglima KUDAT
Subramaniam PH BN Jeck Seng
Tuan Lim Lip Eng BN Bung Moktar bin Dato' Verdon bin
PH BN Radin SRI AMAN Bahanda
PH BN Dato' Sri Doris
Sophia anak Brodi BEBAS

GPS
KENINGAU TUARAN TENOM
PUNCAK BORNEO Datuk Seri Panglima SELAYANG Tuan Riduan bin
Datuk Seri Panglima PASIR GUDANG SUNGAI PETANI
BERUAS Datuk Willie anak Dr. Jeffrey Gapari Tuan William Leong SUBANG BALIK PULAU Rubin
Madius Tangau Tuan Hassan bin Dr. Mohammed
KLUANG Dato' Ngeh Koo Mongin Kitingan Jee Keen Tuan Wong Chen Dato' Muhammad
SANDAKAN Puan Wong Shu Qi Abdul Karim KOTA BELUD Taufiq bin Johari
Ham Bakhtiar bin Wan BEBAS
Puan Vivian Wong PH Puan Isnaraissah
GPS STAR PH PH Chik
Shir Yee PH PH Munirah Majilis PH
PH PH BUKIT BENDERA
PH WARISAN Puan Syerleena binti
IPOH TIMOR
Abdul Rashid
Tuan Lee Chuan
PH How

MUAR BENTONG PH
Tuan Syed Saddiq BANDAR
JULAU JELEBU Puan Young Syefura
bin Syed Abdul KUALA STAMPIN KUCHING
Datuk Seri Haji BUKIT BINTANG binti Othman KAMPAR
Datuk Larry Soon @ Tuan Chong Chieng Dr. Kelvin Yii Lee TITIWANGSA
Rahman SELANGOR Jalaluddin bin Haji Tuan Fong Kui Lun PARIT SULONG Tuan Chong Zhemin
Larry Sng Wei Shien Jen Wuen Datuk Seri Johari
MUDA Datuk Seri Dr. Haji Alias Datuk Seri Dr.
PH bin Abdul Ghani PH
Dzulkefly bin Ahmad PH BN Noraini Ahmad
PUCHONG PBM PH PH
Puan Yeo Bee Yin PH BN PULAI
BN
Tuan Suhaizan bin BATANG LUPAR
PH AMPANG Kaiat Tuan Mohamad
Puan Rodziah binti Shafizan Haji Kepli
Ismail PH
SERIAN CHERAS PORT DICKSON
TAPAH Dato' Seri Haji BATU KAWAN BETONG GPS
Dato' Sri Richard Tuan Tan Kok Wai PH
GOMBAK Datuk Seri M. Aminuddin bin Tuan Chow Kon Dr. Richard Rapu @
Riot anak Jaem IPOH BARAT
Dato' Seri Amirudin Saravanan Harun Yeow Aman anak Begri
PH Tuan M. BANGI
bin Shari GPS PH
BN PH Kulasegaran Tuan Syahredzan
GPS
bin Johan
PH PH
SRI GADING PH SELANGAU
Tuan Haji Tuan Edwin anak
LUBOK ANTU
SEMBRONG Aminolhuda bin KLANG Banta
DAMANSARA Tuan Roy Angau
Dato' Seri Hassan Tuan Ganabatirau anak Gingkoi
Tuan Gobind Singh GPS
Hishammuddin bin PH A/L Veraman
Deo
SEPUTEH Tun Hussein GPS
AYER HITAM PH
PERMATANG Puan Teresa Kok PH BN Datuk Seri Ir. Dr. PEKAN
PAUH Suh Sim Wee Ka Siong Dato' Sri Sh
GUA MUSANG Tuan Muhammad Mohmed Puzi bin Sh PETALING JAYA
Tuan Mohd Azizi bin Fawwaz bin PH BN Tuan Lee Chean
Ali
Abu Naim Mohamad Jan Chung
PN BN
PN BAGAN BERA PH JEMPOL
GERIK
Tuan Lim Guan Eng Dato' Sri Ismail Dato' Haji
Tuan Fathul Huzir BUKIT GANTANG BANDAR TUN PUTATAN
MERBOK SEMPORNA Sabri bin Yaakob HULU RAJANG Shamshulkahar bin
bin Ayob PADANG BESAR Dato' Syed Abu RAZAK Datuk Ir. Shahelmey SUNGAI BULOH
Tuan Mohd Nazri Datuk Seri Panglima Datuk Wilson Ugak Mohd Deli TAWAU
Tuan Rushdan bin Hussin bin Hafiz Dato' Seri Dr. Wan bin Yahya Dato' Ramanan
PN bin Abu Hassan Haji Mohd Shafie bin PH BN anak Kumbong BN Tuan Lo Su Fui
Rusmi Syed Abdul Fasal Azizah Wan Ismail Ramakrishnan
Haji Apdal
PN BN KUALA PILAH
PASIR SALAK PN PN PH GPS PH GRS
WARISAN Dato' Haji Adnan bin
Tuan Jamaludin bin
TANGGA BATU LIBARAN KALABAKAN Haji Abu Hassan
Yahya
KANGAR Tuan Haji Bakri bin Datuk Suhaimi bin Datuk Andi
Tuan Zakri bin JERAI SIBUTI
PN Jamaluddin Nasir Muhammad Suryady BN
Hassan Tuan Sabri bin Azit Dato Lukanisman
bin Bandy
PN bin Awang Sauni BN
KUANTAN PN KUALA KRAI KULAI BN TAMPIN
Tuan Wan Razali PN Tuan Abdul Latiff bin Puan Teo Nie Ching GPS Dato' Mohd Isam bin
KUALA KANGSAR
bin Wan Nor ROMPIN Abdul Rahman SIPITANG Mohd Isa
Datuk Iskandar
Dato' Haji Abdul Datuk Matbali bin BAKRI
PN Dzulkarnain bin PH BN
Khalib bin Abdullah PN Musah Tuan Tan Hong Pin
Abdul Khalid LANGKAWI SEPANGGAR
Dato' Haji Mohd Datuk Ts. Mustapha BATU PAHAT
SABAK BERNAM PN Suhaimi bin Sakmud GRS
Tuan Kalam bin PN PH Tuan Onn bin Abu
Abdullah Bakar
Salan
KUALA KRAU PN PH
JERLUN RANAU PH
PN Dr. Abd Ghani bin Tuan Haji Kamal bin MACHANG BATU SAPI RAUB
Datuk Jonathan
Ahmad Ashaari Tuan Wan Ahmad Tuan Khairul Tuan Chow Yu Hui
Yasin
PARIT Fayhsal bin Wan Firdaus bin Akbar TEBRAU
Tuan Muhammad PN PN Ahmad Kamal Khan HANG TUAH JAYA Tuan Jimmy Puah
DUNGUN GRS PH
Ismi bin Mat Taib PN GRS Tuan Adam Adli bin Wee Tse
Tuan Haji Wan
PADANG RENGAS SETIU Hassan bin Mohd Abd Halim
PN SEGAMAT GOPENG PH
Kapten Azahari bin Tuan Ramli Tuan Yuneswaran Tuan Tan Kar Hing
LUMUT Hasan Shaharizukirnain bin PH
PN A/L Ramaraj SHAH ALAM
Komander Nordin Abd. Kadir
Tuan Azli bin Yusof
bin Ahmad Ismail PN PN PH PH
TLDM (Bersara)
MARAN
PN PASIR MAS KIMANIS PH
KEPALA BATAS KAPAR Dato' Sri Dr. Haji TANJONG WANGSA MAJU TENGGARA
Tuan Ahmad Fadhli Datuk Mohamad bin
TEMERLOH Dr. Siti Mastura binti Dr. Hajah Halimah Ismail bin Haji Abd. Puan Lim Hui Ying Tuan Zahir bin Tuan Manndzri bin
bin Shaari Alamin HULU LANGAT
Puan Hajah Muhammad Ali Muttalib Hassan Nasib Tuan Mohd Sany bin
Salamiah binti Mohd PN PN BN PH Hamzan
Nor PN PN PH BN
PN PH

RANTAU
KULIM BANDAR TUMPAT PANJANG ARAU KAPIT
KUALA NERUS SANTUBONG SEKIJANG SENATOR
BAHARU Dato' Hajah Mumtaz Dato' Hajah Siti Dato' Seri Dr. Dato Sri Alexander
Dato' Dr. Alias bin Dato' Sri Hajah Dr. Zaliha binti Puan Hajah Fuziah
Tuan Roslan bin binti Md Nawi Zailah binti Mohd Shahidan bin Kasim Nanta Linggi
Razak Nancy Shukri Mustafa binti Salleh
Hashim Yusoff
PN PN PN PN PN GPS GPS PH

PENGKALAN INDERA MAHKOTA KOTA

BESUT CHEPA REMBAU SENATOR SEPANG
PADANG TERAP JASIN Dato' Sri Saifuddin SEGAMBUT SAMARAHAN
Datuk Che Datuk Haji Ahmad Dato' Seri Utama Datuk Seri Diraja Dr. Datuk Hajah Aiman
Tuan Nurul Amin bin Tuan Zulkifli bin Abdullah Puan Hannah Yeoh Datuk Hajah Rubiah
Mohamad Zulkifly Marzuk bin Shaary Mohamad bin Haji Zambry bin Abd Athirah binti Sabu
Hamid Ismail Tseow Suan binti Haji Wang
bin Jusoh Hasan Kadir
PN PN PN PN PN BN PH GPS PH

TANJONG BUKIT GELUGOR

KARANG KUALA LANGAT KETEREH SUNGAI BESAR TELUK INTAN PENAMPANG BATU GAJAH ALOR GAJAH SENATOR
Datuk Muslimin bin PUTRAJAYA Tuan Ramkarpal
Kapten Dato' Dr. Dato' Dr. Ahmad Dato' Khlir bin Mohd Tuan Nga Kor Ming Datuk Ewon Tuan Sivakumar Tuan Haji Adly bin Puan Saraswathy
Yahaya Dr. Radzi Jidin Singh A/L Karpal
Zulkafperi bin Yunus bin Hairi Nor Benedick Varatharaju Naidu Zahari A/P Kandasami
Singh
Hanapi (Bersara)
PN PN PN PN PN PH PH PH PH PH

TASEK GELUGOR
KUALA KEDAH PARIT BUNTAR Datuk Wan POKOK SENA SENATOR JOHOR BAHRU
BAGAN SERAI PANDAN SETIAWANGSA PENSIANGAN SARIKEI
Dr. Ahmad Tuan Haji Mohd Saifulruddin bin Wan Dato' Ahmad bin Dato' Setia Dr. Haji Tuan Haji Akmal
Datuk Haji Idris bin Tuan Mohd Rafizi Tuan Nik Nazmi bin Datuk Arthur Joseph Dato' Sri Huang
Fakhruddin bin Misbahul Munir bin Jan Saad @ Yahaya Mohd Na'im bin Haji Nasrullah bin Haji
Haji Ahmad bin Ramli Nik Ahmad Kurup Tiong Sii
Fakhrurazi Masduki Mokhtar Mohd. Nasir
PN PN PN PN PN PH PH PH BN GPS

KOTA RAJA TANJONG MALIM

BALING JELI SARATOK BELURAN KANOWIT KOTA KINABALU LAHAD DATU BEAUFORT
Datuk Seri Haji Tuan Chang Lih
Tuan Hassan bin Tuan Zahari bin Datuk Ali anak Biju Datuk Seri Dr. Datuk Aaron Ago Tuan Chan Foong Dato' Mohammad Datuk Siti Aminah
Mohamad bin Sabu Kang
Saad Kechik Ronald Kiandee Dagang Hin Yusof bin Apdal binti Aching

PN PN PN PN PH PH GPS PH WARISAN BN

MERSING KUALA KUBANG KERIAN

KUBANG PASU HULU KOTA TINGGI LEMBAH PANTAI LIMBANG ISKANDAR PUTERI
Tuan Haji TERENGGANU Dato' Sri Tuan SEREMBAN LANANG
Dato' Wira Dr. Ku TERENGGANU Datuk Seri Tuan Ahmad Fahmi Datuk Haji Hasbi bin Tuan Liew Chin
Muhammad Datuk Haji Ahmad Ibrahim bin Tuan Tuan Loke Siew Puan Alice Lau
Abd Rahman bin Ku Dato' Rosol bin Mohamed Khaled bin Mohamed Fadzil Haji Habibollah Tong
Islahuddin bin Abas Amzad bin Man Fook Kiong Yieng
Ismail Wahid bin Nordin
Mohamed @
PN PN Hashim PN PN PN PH BN PH GPS PH PH

ALOR SETAR PASIR PUTEH SENATOR BUKIT MERTAJAM

JERANTUT Datuk Dr. Nik BACHOK Tengku Datuk Seri LENGGONG CAMERON
Tuan Afnan Hamimi MARANG PETRAJAYA NIBONG TEBAL Tuan Sim Chee
Ir. Ts. Haji Khairil Muhammad Zawawi Tuan Mohd Syahir Utama Zafrul bin Datuk Seri Dr. HIGHLANDS
bin Taib Azamudden Tan Sri Haji Abdul Dato' Sri Haji Puan Fadhlina binti Keong
Nizam bin Khirudin bin Haji Salleh bin Che Sulaiman Tengku Abdul Aziz Shamsul Anuar bin Dato' Ramli bin
Hadi bin Awang Fadillah bin Yusof Sidek
Haji Nasarah Dato' Mohd Nor
PN PN PN PN PN GPS PH PH BN BN

HULU SELANGOR LABUAN MASJID TANAH PAGOH BAGAN DATUK PONTIAN LIPIS
Tuan Haji Mohd PENDANG PAPAR
Dato' Indera Dr. Datuk Wira Hajah Tan Sri Dato' Haji Dato' Seri Dr. Datuk Seri Haji Dato' Sri Haji Abdul
Hasnizan bin Harun Datuk Haji Awang Datuk Armizan bin
Suhaili bin Abdul Mas Ermieyati binti Mahiaddin bin Haji Ahmad Zahid bin Ahmad bin Haji Rahman bin
bin Hashim Mohd Ali
Rahman Samsudin Mohd. Yassin Hamidi Maslan Mohamad
PN PN PN PN PN BN GRS BN BN

Seating Plan Dewan Rakyat SIK TANAH MERAH KOTA BHARU LARUT
SENATOR
MUKAH
TAMBUN Datuk Seri Saifuddin PENGERANG BINTULU
Pandangan Speaker PADANG SERAI
Dato' Azman bin
Tuan Ahmad Dato' Sri Ikmal Datuk Seri Dato' Seri Hamzah Dato' Seri Anwar bin Nasution bin Ismail Dato' Sri Azalina Dato' Seri Tiong Dato Hajah Hanifah
Tarmizi bin Hisham bin Abdul Takiyuddin bin bin Zainudin Hajar Taib
Nasrudin Ibrahim Othman Said King Sing
Sulaiman Aziz Hassan
Tarikh Akhir Kemaskini: PN PN PN PN PN PH BN GPS GPS
17 Oktober 2023

House of Representatives House of Representative Member’s Seating

 GROUND FLOOR PLAN
The ground floor of the Parliament Building is a spa-
cious area. A prayer hall has been built in later stage
on the ground floor. This prayer hall is in circular form
with a 36 feet width in diameter and able to accomo-
date around 100 worshippers. There is also a banquet
The ground floor of the Parliament Building is a
hall which is able to fit in 500 people in maximum.
specious area. A prayer hall has been built in later
stage on the ground floor. This prayer hall is in cir-
cular form with a 36 feet width in diameter and able
to accommodate around 100 worshippers. There is
also a banquet hall which is able to fit in 599 people
in maximum.

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

Senate Hall
At the first floor, there is a canteen located next to
the press media room and banquet room. This lay-
out can help to ease the circulation movement of
the officers, reporter and guest who conference to
get food and beverage in the parliament.

Second Floor

First Floor
SECOND
Second Floor
FLOOR PLAN
The second floor plan consists of two different porch.
At the first floor, there is a canteen located next At the left side there are two big committee room
to the press media room and banquet room. Thewhich can hold
second a totalplan
floor of 30 consists
person and of also two
4 smaller
different
This layout can help to ease the circulation meeting room, each can fit 12 person.
porch. At the left side there are two big committee There is also a
movement of the officers, reporters, and guest roomresting
whicharea can
for the government
hold a total of officers.
30 person and also 4
who conference to get food and beverage in the smaller meeting room, each can fit 12 person. There
parliament. House of Representatives At the
is also a right
restingside area
got twofordining
the hall. One of the dining
government officers.
hall is only for the parliament and another one is only
At for
thevisitors
rightand officers.
side got Kitchen is located between
two dinning hall. One twoof the
dining
dining hall is
hall where
only canfor
serves
thetheparliament
mealsto around and 1000
another
people at the one point of time. The
one is only for visitors and officers. Kitchen isinterconnection of locat-
ed two dinningtwo
between hall isdining
the roofhall
of the
is house
the roofof Represen-
of the house
od tatives, the Taman Sarithe
Representatives, which allowedSari
Taman the Parliament
which allowed
thecan rest in the middle
Parliament can rest of theinconference.
the middle of the confer-
ence.
BATU IGAN
BARAM LAWAS TANJONG MANIS LEDANG
KOTA MELAKA Tuan Prabakaran Tuan Haji Ahmad
LABIS Dato Henry Sum Tuan Haji Yusuf bin Tuan Syed Ibrahim BAYAN BARU TAIPING
RASAH Tuan Khoo Poay A/L M Dato Anyi Ngau
Tuan Pang Hok Agong Johnie bin Zawawi Abd. Wahab bin Syed Noh Tuan Sim Tze Tzin Tuan Wong Kah JELUTONG
KOTA MARUDU Tuan Cha Kee Chin Tiong Parameswaran
Liong Woh Tuan Sanisvara
Datuk Wetrom bin PH GPS GPS GPS GPS
PH PH Nethaji Rayer A/L
Bahanda PH PH
PH PH Rajaji
KDM PH BATANG SADONG
Puan Rodiyah binti
Sapiee
SIMPANG
MAS GADING SIBU
MIRI RENGGAM PAYA BESAR GPS
Tuan Mordi Bimol Tuan Oscar Ling
Tuan Chiew Choon Datuk Seri Utama Dato' Indera Mohd
SUNGAI SIPUT Chai Yew TANJUNG PIAI
Man Hasni bin Shahar bin Abdullah
Tuan Kesavan A/L PH Dato' Sri Dr. Wee KINABATANGAN
KEPONG PH Mohammad Datuk Seri Panglima KUDAT
Subramaniam PH BN Jeck Seng
Tuan Lim Lip Eng BN Bung Moktar bin Dato' Verdon bin
PH BN Radin SRI AMAN Bahanda
PH BN Dato' Sri Doris
Sophia anak Brodi BEBAS

GPS
KENINGAU TUARAN TENOM
BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION,
STRUCTURE,
MATERIALS
6 ANALYSIS

ARCHITECTURAL
ELEMENTS
COMPONENTS
7 ANALYSIS
 NATIONAL
FUNCTIONALIST
DESIGN

Silhouette of Parliament House

Side of the building Back of the building

After the Independence day of Malay-

sia (31th August 1957), the National
congress were trying to define consti-
tuted Malay art, history, traditions as
well as architecture style of Malaysia.
The Parliament House is one of the first
experiments to define the representa-
tive architectural of Malaysia. Hence
there are a lot struggle between iden-
tity and architectural integrity.

Evidence in the contrast between the podium and highlighly conspicious tower block.

Triangular Podium Roof Highly Conspicuous Tower Block

Malaysian Vernacular Architecture Funtionalism Architecture Feature

Feature • seperation and visual distinc-
• high pitch angle roof tiveness of public spaces and
from private space.

Helsinki Olympic Stadium

Malay traditional house Tower, 1952
 Vertical and Horizontal projection:

BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION
Modular grid system:

The use of Reinforced Concrete

The Parliament building’s construction in-

Vertical and Horizontal projection:
Modular Grid System
corporated over one million bricks, 2,200
tons of steel, 54,000 tons of concrete,
200,000 cement bags and 300 tons of
glass. The primary building material used
was reinforced concrete, particularly for the
structural frame and the pinnacle atop the
main block, in line with the prevailing trends
of modernistic architecture. To expedite
construction, a grid system and modular
approach were adopted, reflecting the cut-
ting-edge technology of the 1960s. This ap-
prroach aimed to reduce construction time,
labor requirements and costs. Innovative
engineering techniques, such as embedding
steel frames into the structural system, were
applied. Most construction materials were
produced on-site. The use of the Industri-
alized Building System (IBS) during this
period significantly boosted construction
efficiency (Bari et al., 2012). Materials were
sourced both locally and internationally. The
building was thoughtfully designed to ad-
dress the local climate, incorporating archi-
tectural elements like vertical and horizontal
projections to regulare environmental con-
ditions. Additionally, it integrated functional
design motifs to enhance its overall utility.
Construction Process:

on:
ConstructionProcess:
Construction Process:

Construction Process The use of reinforced concrete:

 BUILDING
6.2 Building Structure
Pinnacle Roof
External STRUCTURE
6.2.1 Pinnacle Roof
6.2 Building Structure
External The central attracttion of the entire
6.2.1 Pinnacle Roof building is the Pinnacle roof, a distinc-
tive feature. It boasts am unconvention-
al design featuring 11 triangle pleated
forms, symbolizing the 11 states of the
Malaysian Federation.

Interestingly, this design has led to in-

terpretations likening it to a ‘Malay
house roof’, although this was not the
architect’s original intention. These Pin-
nacles are constructuted form reinforce
concrete, with dimensions of 80 feet in
width, 120 feet in length, and 60 feet
in height. There magnificent Pinnacles
serve as the roofing structure over the
main hall of the Dewan Rakyat. Their
TheThe central
central attraction
attraction of the
of the entire entire
building building
is the Pinnacleisroof,
theaPinnacle
distinctive roof,
feature.a Itdistinctive feature. It boasts an unconven-
boasts an unconven-
tional design featuring 11 triangular pleated forms, symbolizing the 11 states design is responsive
of the Malaysian Federation. to local climate,
tional design featuring 11 triangular pleated forms, symbolizing utilizingthe the 11concept
states of the Malaysian
that warmFederation.
air nat-
Interestingly, this design has led to interpretations likening it to a ‘Malay house roof,
urally ’ althoughwithin
ascends this was notthe pitched ga-
theInterestingly, this
architect’s original designThese
intention. has Pinnacles
led to interpretations likening
are constructed from it
reinforced to a ‘Malay
concrete, with
ble roof design. Triangular house roof,
dimensions ’ although this was not
openings
the architect’s original intention. These Pinnacles are constructed
of 80 feet in width, 120 feet in length, and 60 feet in height. These magnificent
on the from of
Pinnacles reinforced
serve as the concrete, with
roofing
are dimensions
structure over the main hall of the Dewan Rakyat. Their design is responsive to the sides
local climate, the Pinnacles
utilizing the stra-
of 80 feet in width, 120 feet in length, and 60 feet in height. tegicallyThese magnificent
placed Pinnacles
to onmaximize serve as the
the en- roofing
concept that warm air naturally ascends within the pitched gabled roof design. Triangular openings the
structure
sides over the
of the Pinnacles are main hall of
strategically the toDewan
placed maximize Rakyat. Their
the entry and
trydesign
andisofreflection
reflection responsive
sunlight intoto thethe
ofmainlocal climate,
sunlight intoutilizing
the the
concept
building, that warm
illuminating air naturally
the House ascends
of Representative Hall.within thewas
This design pitched gabled
carefully
main crafted roof
building, design.
to optimize Triangularthe
acoustic
illuminating openings
House on the
sides of the
performance Pinnacles
within the hall andare strategically
to facilitate placed to maximize
ventilation.
of Representative Hall. This design wasmain
the entry and reflection of sunlight into the
building, illuminating the House of Representative Hall.carefully This designcraftedwas carefully crafted to optimize
to optimize acoustic acoustic
performance within the hall and to facilitate ventilation. performance within the hall and to fa-
is the Pinnacle roof, a distinctive feature. It boasts an unconven-
forms, symbolizing the 11 states of the Malaysian Federation. cilitate ventilation.
tations likening it to a ‘Malay house roof,’ although this was not
acles are constructed from reinforced concrete, with dimensions
0 feet in height. These magnificent Pinnacles serve as the roofing
akyat. Their design is responsive to the local climate, utilizing the
thin the pitched gabled roof design. Triangular openings on the
d to maximize the entry and reflection of sunlight into the main
ntative Hall. This design was carefully crafted to optimize acoustic
ventilation.
 BUILDING
Roof Pool
STRUCTURE

Encircling the base of the pinnacle was

a water pool system, which had a depth
of approximately 450mm and extended
across the roof aove the Dewan Rakyat.
This pool system was intentionally de-
signed to create a reflective and cool-
ing effect within the building and was
interconnected with other pools both
6.2.3 Roof Pool
inside and outside the structure. Over
Encircling the base of the pinnacle was a water pool system, which had a depth of approx-
time, persistent leaks from the rooftop
imately 450mm and extended across the roof above the Dewan Rakyat. This pool system
pool led to sustantial maintainance and
was intentionally designed to create a reflective and cooling effect within the building and
repair expenses, ultimately necessitat-
was interconnected with other pools both inside and outside the structure. Over time, per-
ing its closure and replacement with soil
sistent leaks from the rooftop pool led to substantial maintenance and repair expenses,
and grass. A subsequent investigation
ultimately necessitating its closure and replacement with soil and grass. A subsequent in-
by forensic engineers reveaed that the
vestigation by forensic engineers revealed that the concrete strength of the roof slabs had
concrete strength of the roof slabs had
deteriorated, resulting in the development of hairline cracks, which, in turn, caused water
deteriorated, resulting in the develop-
to seep into the building during heavy rainfall.
ment of hairline cracks, which, in turn,
causes water to seep into the building
during the heavy rainfall.
parent on its exterior, revealing the sustainable ch
ered facade, which is slightly set back from the w
6.3 Building Material

BUILDING
6.3.1 Terrazzo

Facade
aded environment. To allow natural light to illumin
Terrazzo demonstrates remarkable durability and performance, often remaining intact

STRUCTURE
throughout the lifespan of a structure. The low maintenance requirements, impermeable
surface characteristics, and resistance to cracking inherent in terrazzo, especially in the
context of epoxy terrazzo, make it an excellent choice for maintaining a hygienic

oiding direct sunlight and glare, most

texture ofof theskin, windo
The ornamental precast terrazzo fins, re-
building. Terrazzo also offers a wide range of design possibilities, allowing for unique
sembling the pineapple
and visually appealing patterns and colors. This is essential in a government building
like the Parliament, where the design should reflect a sense of importance and national
stand at a height of approximately 11
identity.
Building Design of feet and have a width of about 40 inch-
Orientation Fenestration es. Beyond their decorative role, these
fins also function as sunshades, regulat-
ing the amount of sunlight that enters
the Main Block building which features
glass panel walls. The installation of the
terrazzo fins occurs at the periphery of
6.2.2 Facade both the Tower Block and Main Block
6.3.2 Light-diffusing glass panel on the edge of a cantilevered ledge, af-
The
In the Parliament building in Malaysia, the use of 300 tonsornamental
of light-diffusing fixedterrazzo
precast
tempered using stainless steel bolts.
fins, resembling the texture of pineapple s
glass serves multiple functions. This glass not only provides sunshade, heat insulation,
approximately 11 feet and have a width of about 40 inches. Beyond their de
and protection from glare, but it also establishes a versatile space for both service and
Cantilever ledge, measuring approxi-
these
utility purposes. By harnessing the properties of light finsthis
diffusion, also function
tempered glass as sunshades, regulating the amount of sunlight th
anticipates and manages thermal effects while evenly distributing incoming natural mately
light 1.5 meters in width, also provides
Main Block building convenient which features glass panel
access walls. The installation
for maintenance ac- of th
to illuminate every corner of the room.
fins occurs at the periphery tivities ofthroughout
both the Tower theBlock and Main
building. Block on the
This
cantilevered ledge, affixed paneling using stainless
imparts a steel
sense bolts. This ledge,
of scale, tex- measurin
approximately 1.5 meters ture andin width, also provides
rhythm to what convenient
would other-access for ma
wise be a relatively boxy
activities throughout the building. This panelling imparts a sensestructure. The of scale,
rhythm to what would choice of the
otherwise be apineapple skin
relatively boxy shape is
structure.
significant, as pineapples were a major
product of Malaysia during that era and
The choice of the pineapple skin shape is significant, as pineapples were a
the shape can symbolize the country’s
product of Malaysiaidentity. during that era, and this shape can symbolize the coun
This feature serves as a protective envelope for the building, covering it wh
maintaining a distance Thisoffeature
one meter fromas
serves thea primary glassenve-
protective walls. The des
consistently to a specific lope size
for the building,
and regular covering
pattern. it while
The facade's dominance
apparent on its exterior, maintaining a sustainable
revealing the distance of one meter of the bui
characteristics
from the primary glass walls. The design
layered facade, which is slightly set back from the windows, creates a sign
adheres constanly to a specific size and
shaded environment. To allow natural light to illuminate the office building
regular pattern.
avoiding direct sunlight and glare, most of the windows are of full height.
The facade’s dominance is most appar-
ent on its exterior, revealing the sustain-
able characteristics of the building. The
layered facade, which is slightly set back
from the window, created a significant-
ly shaded environment. To allow natu-
ral light to illuminate the office building
while avoiding direct sunlight and glare,
most of the windowa are in full height.

Vertical and Horizontal projection This is how light difussing tempered glass works
 unlight that enters the Main Block building which features glass panel
fins occurs at the periphery of both the Tower Block and Main Block on
BUILDING
d using stainless steel bolts.
Facade
6.2.2 Facade
STRUCTURE
The ornamental precast terrazzo fins, resembling the texture of pineapple skin, stand at a height of approxi-
y 1.5mately 11 feet and have a width of about 40 inches. Beyond their decorative role, these fins also function as
sunshades, regulating the amount of sunlight that enters the Main Block building which features glass panel
nientwalls. The installation of the terrazzo fins occurs at the periphery of both the Tower Block and Main Block on
the edge of a cantilevered ledge, affixed using stainless steel bolts.
ghout
senseThis ledge, measuring approximately 1.5
wouldmeters in width, also provides convenient
access for maintenance activities throughout
e. Thethe building. This paneling imparts a sense
ignif-of scale, texture, and rhythm to what would
otherwise be a relatively boxy structure. The
uct ofchoice of the pineapple skin shape is signif-
e canicant, as pineapples were a major product of
Malaysia during that era, and this shape can
symbolize the country’s identity.

This feature serves as a protective envelope

elopefor the building, covering it while maintain-
ntain-ing a distance of one meter from the primary
glass walls. The design adheres consistently
maryto a specific size and regular pattern.
tently Ornamental precast terrazzo fins

The facade’s dominance is most apparent

Cantilever ledge
on its exterior, revealing the sustainable
characteristics of the building. The layered
facade, which is slightly set back from the
window, creates a significantly shaded en-
vironment. To allow natural light to illu-
minate the office building while avoiding
direct sunlight and glare, most of the win-
dows are of full height.
The facade’s dominance is most apparent
on its exterior, revealing the sustainable
characteristics of the building. The layered
facade, which is slightly set back from the
window, createsCast-in
a significantly shaded en-
Channel, provides flexible fixing of
vironment. To mountings
allow natural light
along the channel toaccommo-
slot to illu-
date building tolerences during the installation
minate the office building
or throughout its life while avoiding
cycle - MOMENT
rrier that retains warm height and serves as a barrier that retains warm
leasant working envi- air, thereby creating a pleasant working envi-
heating expenses. It ronment and lowering heating expenses. It
also contributes to cost savings by streamlining
avings by streamlining
maintenance procedures, especially in cases of
, especially in cases of
BUILDING
issues like leaks.

MATERIALITY
ellent insulating properties,
tion of a stable indoor tem-
o materials such as masonry,
ber significantly lessens the
e corresponding energy con-
d reliance on insulation and
allows buildings to prioritize
s and intended purposes.
Light-diffusing glass panel
Terrazzo
6.3.4 Reinforced concrete
6.3.4 Reinforced concrete
Reinforced concrete demonstrates
Terrazzo offers the flexibility to remarkable
Reinforced concrete offers the flexibility to be crafted into forms and designs that may
be crafted into forms and designs that may durability
be unattainable withand performance,
certain other materials, often re-
be unattainable with certain other materials, paving the way for
maining inventive throughout
intact and aesthetical- the lifespan
paving the way for inventive and aesthetical- ly captivating architectural design. The ma-
ly captivating architectural design. The ma-
of
terial a
alsostructure. Theease
has exceptional strength, lowof maintainance
handling, adaptability,
requirements, versatility, longevity,
impermeable surface
terial also has exceptional strength, ease of
and cost-effectiveness which make it suitable
handling, adaptability, versatility, longevity, characteristics
for construction of high-riseand
buildings.resistance to crack-
and cost-effectiveness which make it suitable
for construction of high-rise buildings. ing inherent in terrazzo, especially in
the contect of epoxy terrazzo, make it
an excellent choice for maintaining a
hygienic building. Terrazzo also offers
a wide range of design possibilities, al-
lowing for unique and visually appeal-
6.3.5 Timber ing patterns and colours. This is essen-
Timber possesses excellent insulating properties,
tial in a government building like the
aiding in the preservation of a stable indoor tem- Parliament, where the design should
perature. In contrast to materials such as masonry,
concrete, or steel, timber significantly lessens the reflect a sense of importance and na-
need for heating and the corresponding energy con- tional identity.
sumption. This reduced reliance on insulation and
energy-related systems allows buildings to prioritize
their functional aspects and intended purposes. Reinforced Concrete
Reinforced concrete offers the flexibili-
ty to be crafted into forms and designs
that may be unattainable with certain
other materials, paving the way for
inventive and aesthetically captivat-
ing architectural design. The material
also has exceltional strength, eases of
handling, adaptability, versayility, lon-
getivity and cost-effectiveness which
make it suitable for construction of
high-rise buildings.

In the Parliament building in Malaysia, Timber

the use of 300 tonds of light-diffusing
tempered glass serves multiple func- Timber possess excellent insulating
tions. This glass not only provides sun- properties, aiding in the preservation
shade, heat insulation and protection of a stable indoor temperature. In con-
from glare, but it also establishes a ver- trast to materials such as masonry,
satile space for both service and utility concrete, or steel, timber significantly
purposes. By harnessing the properties lessens the need for heating and the
of light diffusion, this tempered glass corresponding energy consumption.
anticipates and manages thermal ef- This reduces reliance on insulation and
fects while evenly distributing incom- energy-related systems allows build-
ing natiral light to illuminate every cor- ings to prioritize their functional as-
ner of the room. pects and intended purposes.
nectivity but also enhances the flow of natural light and ventilation, reducing the reliance
on artificial lighting and mechanical systems during the day. It is a design choice that
promotes a more spacious and functional environment within the building.

Podium

Parliament building incorporates

an open space concept in its de-
sign. Many of the spaces within
the building are organized in an
open-plan layout, which mini-
mizes enclosed or pocketed ar-
eas. This open-plan approach
not only creates a sense of open-
ness and connectivity but also
Podium enhances the floe of natural light
and ventilation, reducing the re-
liance on artificial lighting and
mechanical systems during the
day. It is a design choice that
promotes a more spacious and
functional environment within
the building.

STAIRCASE

There are common staircases

and spiral staircase in the Parlia-
ment Building. It not only shows
Spiral staitcase the concept of modernism but
retains some traditional element.

The normal staircase is leading

to the main hall of the Parlia-
ment Building. It is called ‘The
Royal Stairs’ and used by the
Yang di-Pertuan Agong and his
consorts when coming to the
house of representatives. Why
is it straight sttairs but not spi-
ral stairs? It is because there are
portraits of the Yang di-Pertu-
an Agong through the ages on
the both sides of the stairs. So
during the annual occassion of
the parliament building, they are
allowed to look at the portraits
and feel the iterative changes.
Reissimulto haeliam cit.

‘The Royal Stairs’ and portraits of Yang

di-Pertuan Agong
Golden malay motif pattern on the mat

Wood carving decorations

DECORATIVE ELEMENTS

From the picture we can see

there are a lot decorative ele-
ments in the Parliament Building
such as the golden Malay motif
pattern on the mat to show no-
bility, beautiful carving pattern
on the windows and floral carv-
ings on the wall and desks.

The carvings are not just use for

decorative purpose but to show
the traditional culture of Malay-
sia.

Suspended Ceiling

Suspended ceiling effective-

ly lowers the room’s height and
serves as a barrier that reat-
ained warm air, thereby creating
a pleasant working environment
and lowering heating expenses.
It also contributes to cost sav-
ings by streamlining maintain-
ance procedures, especially in
case of issues like leaks.

Terrazzo clad pineapple-skin facade

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ARCHITECTURE HISTORY AND THEORY (ARC60804)
September 2023