Supplementary Problems Solutions Mass Number = Protons + Neutrons

31. What refers to the state at which liquid and 38. What is the molecular weight of Nitric Acid
gaseous phases are indistinguishable? A. critical (HNO3)? (AW for N = 14)
point
𝑀𝑀𝐻𝑁𝑂3 = 𝑀𝑀𝐻 + 𝑀𝑀𝑁 + 3𝑀𝑀𝑂
𝑀𝑀𝐻𝑁𝑂3 = 1 + 14 + 3(16)
𝑔
𝑀𝑀𝐻𝑁𝑂3 = 63
𝑚𝑜𝑙

39. Determine the molecular formula of

hydrocarbon which has a molecular weight of 84
g/mol and which contains 85.7% carbon.

Step 1: Assume 100 g

85.7 g C
14.3 H
Step 2:
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶
85.7 𝑔 𝐶 × = 7.142 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶
12 𝑔 𝐶
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻
14.3 𝑔 𝐻 × = 14.3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻
1𝑔𝐻
Photo from: https://s3-us-west- Step 3:
2.amazonaws.com/courses-images-archive-read- 7.142
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐶 = =1
only/wp- 7.142
content/uploads/sites/887/2015/06/23214404/CNX_ 14.3
𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝐻 = =2
Chem_10_04_PhaseDi.jpg 7.142
𝐸𝑚𝑝𝑖𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 → 𝐶𝐻2
32. What do you add to compensate the high iron Additional Step:
oxide content of steel? D. deoxidizers 84
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑟 =
(𝑀𝑀𝐶 ) + 2(𝑀𝑀𝐻 )
33. During the course of an experiment, laboratory 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑟 = 6
temperature rose 0.8ºC. What is its equivalent rise 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 → 𝐶6 𝐻12
in degrees Fahrenheit (ºF)?
5 40. What do you call the horizontal arrangement of
𝑇𝐶 = (𝑇𝐹 − 32) elements of increasing atomic number in the
9 periodic table? D. Period
∆𝑇𝐶 = 𝑇𝐶2 − 𝑇𝐶1
5 5
∆𝑇𝐶 = (𝑇𝐹2 − 32) − (𝑇𝐹1 − 32) Vertical – Groups
9 9 Horizontal – Period
5
∆𝑇𝐶 = ∆𝑇𝐹
9 41. Which of the following refers to a measure of
5
0.8 = ∆𝑇𝐹 quantity of an element or compound? D. mole
9
∆𝑇𝐹 = 1.44𝐹°
42. Electrostatic force that exists between ions of
opposite charge. D. Ionic bond
34. What do you call a fluid that conducts
electricity? C. electrolyte 43. In a biochemical lab, a chemist needs to add
3.81 gms of glucose (C6H12O6) to a reaction
35. In electrolysis, the anions migrate to the anode. mixture. Calculate the volume in ml of a 2.53 M
Which of the following ions migrate to the other glucose solution she should use for the addition.
electrode? D. Cations
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦, 𝑀 =
36. The net electrical charge of an atom under 𝐿 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
normal state is: C. neutral 1
3.81 𝑔 ×
6(12) + 12(1) + 6(16)
2.53 =
37. The no. of protons in the nucleus on an atom. A. 𝑥
Atomic number 𝑥 = 0.00837 𝐿 𝑜𝑟 8.37 𝑚𝐿
44. Calculate the molality of a sulfuric acid (MW =
98.08 g/mol) solution containing 24.4 g of sulfuric
acid in 198 g of water.

Solute – sulfuric acid

Solvent – water

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦, 𝑚 =
𝑘𝑔 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙
24.4 𝑔 × 98.08 𝑔
𝑚=
0.198 𝑘𝑔
1.256 𝑚

45. Determine the volume of water needed to

prepare a 500 ml of chemical solution with 1.75 M
from original stock of solution with 8.58 M.

𝑇𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 → 𝑀1 𝑉1 = 𝑀2 𝑉2
(1.75)(500) = (8.58)(𝑉2 )
𝑉2 = 102 𝑚𝐿

46. Water is added to 25 ml of a 0.866 M solution

until the volume of the solution is exactly 500 ml.
What is the concentration of the final solution?

𝑀1 𝑉1 = 𝑀2 𝑉2
(0.866)(25) = (𝑥)(500)
𝑥 = 0.0433 𝑀

47. How many atoms are there in 1.32 kg of lead

(AW of Pb = 207.2)

1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑃𝑏
1.32 × 103 𝑔 𝑃𝑏 ×
207.2 𝑔 𝑃𝑏
6.022 × 1023 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠 𝑃𝑏
×
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑃𝑏
= 3.84 × 1024 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠 𝑃𝑏

48. When Fe++ changes to Fe+++ in a reaction, it

loses electron

49. What volume of concentrated sulfuric acid

would weigh 0.82 kg if its density is 1.85 g/ml?
𝑚
𝜌=
𝑉
𝑔 0.82 × 103 𝑔
1.85 =
𝑚𝐿 𝑥
𝑥 = 443.24 𝑚𝐿

50. The pH of rainwater collected in a certain

region of northeastern Luzon on a particular day is
4.92. Find H+ ion concentration of rainwater.

𝑝𝐻 = − log[𝐻 + ]
4.92 = − log[𝑥]
𝑥 = 1.2 × 10−5 𝑀