Chapter 3/12: Cell Structure and Early Earth Name: _________________ Sec: ___

Ch. 3 VOCABULARY – PART 1

Directions: Use your online textbook ONLY to define each term, please do not use google (many of these terms
have double meanings, we only want the biology meaning!). Then capture an image from your online textbook
OR google and place it in the 3rd column.

These terms can be found in Chapter 3.1, 12.3, 12.4, & 3.2
# Term Definition Image
1 3.1 Cell Theory The theory that states
that all living things are
made up of cells.

2 Cytoplasm The membrane that

includes the fluid, the
cytoskeleton, and all the
organelles except the
nucleus

3 Organelle The small bodies that are

found in the cytoplasm
of a cell and that are
specialized to perform a
specific function

4 Prokaryotic Cell Cell that does not have a

nucleus or other
membrane-bound
organelles

5 Eukaryotic Cell Cell that has a nucleus

and other membrane-
bound organelles
6 Nebula (12.3) A large cloud of gas and
dust in interstellar space

7 Ribozyme (12.3) a type of RNA that can

act as an e

8 Cyanobacteria Bacteria that can carry

(12.4) out photosynthesis

9 Endosymbiosis A mutually beatifical

(12.4) relationship which in one
organelle lives with
another
10 3.2 Cytoskeleton The cytoplasmic network
of protein filaments that
plays an essential role in
the cell movement, shape,
and division

11 Nucleus A membrane-bound
organelle that contains
the cell’s DNA and that
has a role in processes
such as growth,
metabolism, and
reproduction

12 Endoplasmic A system of membranes

reticulum that is found in a cell’s
cytoplasm and assists in
the production,
processing, and transport
of protein in the
production of lipids

13 Ribosome A cell organelle composed

of RNA and protein
14 Golgi apparatus A cell organelle that helps
make and package
materials to be
transported out of the
cell

15 Vesicle a small cavity or sac that

contains materials in a
eukaryotic cell

16 Mitochondrion The cell organelle that is

surrounded by two cell
membranes and that is
the site of cellular
respiration

17 Vacuole A cell organelle that is

used to store materials,
such as water, food, or
enzymes, that is needed
for the cell
18 Lysosome Organelle that contains
enzymes

19 Centriole Small cylinder- shaped

organelle made of protein
tubes arranged in a circle

20 Cell wall Rigid structure that gives

protection, support, and
shape to cells in plants

21 Chloroplast An organelle found in

plants and algae cells
where photosynthesis
occurs.