Professional Documents
Culture Documents
net/publication/317198055
CITATIONS READS
0 185
1 author:
Ivana Gligorijević
University of Belgrade
15 PUBLICATIONS 4 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
All content following this page was uploaded by Ivana Gligorijević on 24 April 2018.
$5$36.,-(=,.±6758ý1$7(50,12/2*,-$
&LOMRYRJUDGDMHGDSUXåLXYLGXSUREOHPHLQDþLQHWYRUEHWHUPLQDXPRG
HUQRPVWDQGDUGQRPDUDSVNRPMH]LNX XGDOMHPWHNVWX06$ 3RWUHED]DRUJDQL
]RYDQRP L VLVWHPDWLþQRP WYRUERP WHUPLQRORJLMH SRþHOD VH MDYOMDWL NUDMHP ;,;
YHND NDR SRVOHGLFD LQWHQ]LYLUDQMD NRQWDNDWD DUDSVNRJ VYHWD VD =DSDGRP L SR
MDYHPQRãWYDQRYLKQDXþQRVWUXþQLKSRMPRYD]DNRMHMHWUHEDORQDüLDGHNYDWQH
WHUPLQH8UDGXVHXND]XMHQDWRGDMHWYRUEDWHUPLQDX06$ELODSUYHQVWYHQR
VHNXQGDUQRJNDUDNWHUDMHUVXWHUPLQLQDVWDMDOLSUHYRÿHQMHPVDHQJOHVNRJ LOLIUDQ
FXVNRJ MH]LND5DGSRND]XMHGDVD=DSDGDQLVXXYH]HQLVDPRSRMPRYLLWHUPLQL
QHJRLQHNLQDþLQLWYRUEHWHUPLQD3RUHGWHRULMVNRJUDGLPDLSUDNWLþQLFLOMDWRMH
VWLFDQMHXYLGDXL]YRUHWHUPLQRORJLMHX06$NRMLVXGRVWXSQLQDYHEX
.OMXþQHUHþLDUDSVNLMH]LNWHUPLQRORJLMDSUHYRÿHQMHDUDEL]DFLMD
8YRG
6WXGHQWVNLWUJ%HRJUDGLYDQDPDOL#¿OEJDFUV
Ivana R. Mali
RWSRþHODMHVDUDGRPJRGLQHSRX]RUXQDUDGDNDGHPLMDX'DPDVNX
.DLUXL%DJGDGX3RUHGRYHþHWLULQDMSR]QDWLMHVOLþQHLQVWLWXFLMHRVQRYDQH
VXLXGUXJLPDUDSVNLP]HPOMDPD1DM]DVOXåQLMDXREODVWLWHUPLQRORãNRJ
UDGDMHQHVXPQMLYRNDLUVND$NDGHPLMDNRMDMHSURL]YHODYLãHKLOMDGDWHU
PLQDL]UD]OLþLWLKREODVWL
3RPHQXWHLQVWLWXFLMHVHLGDQDVEDYHWHUPLQRORJLMRPNDRLGUXJLP
SUREOHPLPDYH]DQLP]D06$2QHYHüGHFHQLMDPDL]GDMXþDVRSLVHNRML
VH EDYH WHUPLQRORãNLP WHPDPD D REMDYLOH VX L YHOLNL EURM GYRMH]LþQLK L
YLãHMH]LþQLKUHþQLNDQDXþQRVWUXþQHWHUPLQRORJLMH3RãWRVHWYRUEDWHUPL
QDYUãLSROLFHQWULþQRX06$MHQDVWDRYHOLNLEURMWHUPLQRORãNLKVLQRQLPD
7RMHVYRMHYUVWDQSDUDGRNVMHUãWRVHYLãHUDGLQDUHãDYDQMXWHUPLQRORãNLK
SUREOHPDWRLKYLãHLPD'DELVHNRRUGLQLUDRUDGDNDGHPLMDLXVNODGLOL
QMLKRYLQDSRULXWYRUELWHUPLQRORJLMHMRãJRGLQHMHRVQRYDQ.RRUGL
QDFLRQLELUR]DDUDEL]DFLMX DU0DNWDEWDQVƯTDOWDµUƯEZZZDUDEL]DWLRQ
RUJPD =D UD]OLNX RG DNDGHPLMD %LUR QLMH ]DGXåHQ ]D WYRUEX WHUPLQD
8ORJD%LURDMHNRRUGLQDFLMDUDGDDNDGHPLMkãWRSUYHQVWYHQRXNOMXþXMHHO
HPLQDFLMXWHUPLQRORãNLKVLQRQLPDLSULKYDWDQMHVDPRMHGQRJDGHNYDWQRJ
WHUPLQD]DMHGDQSRMDP
7YRUEDQDXþQRVWUXþQLKWHUPLQDX06$
$5$36.,-(=,.±6758ý1$7(50,12/2*,-$
Ivana R. Mali
DUKDLþQLKUHþLDþHVWRPXSRWUHERPMHGQRJEURMDRYDNYLKUHþLQMLKRYDQRYD
]QDþHQMDSUHYODGDODVXQDGRQLPSUYRELWQLP +DOƯID
0QRJL JRYRUQLFL DUDSVNRJ MH]LND GDQDV QL QH ]QDMX SUYREL
WQD ]QDþHQMD QHNLK UHþL NRMH NRULVWH 1D SULPHU UHþ IDVપƗhપD NRMD GDQDV
R]QDþDYDMH]LþNXþLVWRWXLSUDYLOQRVWSUYRELWQRMHR]QDþDYDODPOHNREH]
SHQH5HþEDUƯG SRãWD R]QDþDYDODMHXGDOMHQRVWL]PHÿXGYH SRãWDQVNH
VWDQLFHQDSXWX5HþKƗWLI WHOHIRQ ]QDþLODMHJODVNRMLVHþXMHDOLGROD]L
L]QHSR]QDWRJL]YRUD5HþµDGDVD RþQRLOLRSWLþNRVRþLYR R]QDþDYDODMH
L MHGQR ]UQR LVWRLPHQH ELOMNH 5Hþ TLWપƗU MH SUYRELWQR R]QDþDYDODNRORQX
NDPLODGDELNDVQLMHSRþHODGDR]QDþDYDYR]3UHQHJRãWRMHSRþHODGD
R]QDþDYDQRYLQHUHþ÷DUƯGDMHR]QDþDYDODRJXOMHQXJUDQXSDOPHNRMDMH
NRULãüHQD]DSLVDQMH5HþVD\\ƗUDSUYRELWQRMHR]QDþDYDODNDUDYDQGDEL
XVDYUHPHQRPMH]LNXGRELOD]QDþHQMHDXWRPRELO1HNLRGWHUPLQDQDVWD
OLKQDRYDMQDþLQVHQLVXXVWDOLOLXDUDSVNRPMH]LNX1DSULPHU÷DPPƗ]
EU]RQRJDNDPLODLOLPDJDUDF NRMDMHSUHGORåHQDNDRWHUPLQ]DWUDPYDM
LOL¶LU]Ư] ]YXNNLãHLOLJURPD SUHGORåHQDNDRWHUPLQ]DWHOHIRQ %DNHU
(PHU\DO+D৬ƯE0XIWLü
âWRVHWLþHGHULYDFLMHRQDR]QDþDYDL]YRÿHQMHQRYLKUHþLL]SRVWRMHüLK
NRUHQD8DUDSVNRPMH]LNXVHL]YRÿHQMHUHþLL]NRQVRQDQWVNLKNRUHQDNRML
VH XNODSDMX X WYRUEHQH REUDVFH VPDWUD QDMSULURGQLMRP PHWRGRP WYRUEH
UHþL=DKYDOMXMXüLRYRMVSRVREQRVWLDUDSVNLMH]LNVHQD]LYDMH]LNRPGHUL
YDFLMH DU OXƥD DO¶LãWLTƗT 'HULYDFLMD VH YUãL SR SULQFLSX DQDORJLMH DU
DOTL\ƗV WMSRX]RUXQDYHüSRVWRMHüHUHþLXMH]LNX$QDORJLMDLGHULYDFLMD
VX XVNR SRYH]DQH ± GRN GHULYDFLMD SUHGVWDYOMD PHWRG L]YRÿHQMD UHþL WD
SUDNVD VH ]DVQLYD QD DQDORJLML VD YHü SRVWRMHüLP UHþLPD X MH]LNX .DNR
MHWRRSLVDRþXYHQLDUDSVNLOLQJYLVWD¶,EUƗKƯP¶$QƯVGHULYDFLMDSUHGVWDY
OMD L]YUãQX RSHUDFLMX DQDORJLMH MHU DQDORJLMD LPD WHRULMVNL D GHULYDFLMD
SUDNWLþQLNDUDNWHU +DOƯID+D¿]RYLü6WHWNHY\FK
.RULãüHQMHGHULYDFLMHSRSULQFLSLPDDQDORJLMHLPDORMHãLURNXSUL
PHQXX06$$NDGHPLMD]DDUDSVNLMH]LNX.DLUXSRVHEQRMH]DVOXåQD]D
SRGVWLFDQMHWYRUEHUHþLSRSULQFLSXDQDORJLMHLGDODMHSUHGORJH]DPQRJH
QDþLQHGHULYDFLMH DO+D৬ƯE 1DYHãüHPRQHNHRGQMLK
=D R]QDþDYDQMH SURIHVLMD NDLUVND $NDGHPLMD MH XYHOD SDUDGLJPX
¿µƗODSRNRMRMVXVNRYDQLWHUPLQLSRSXWVOHGHüLKhપLGƗGD NRYDQMH VLEƗND
OLYHQMH LOLQL÷ƗUD VWRODUVWYR 3RUHGWRJDXVYRMHQDMHSDUDGLJPDIDµµƗO
GD R]QDþL SURIHVLMX hપDGGƗG NRYDþ ]D÷÷Ɨ÷ VWDNODU VDEEƗN OLYDF
$5$36.,-(=,.±6758ý1$7(50,12/2*,-$
Ivana R. Mali
$5$36.,-(=,.±6758ý1$7(50,12/2*,-$
±XVYDMDQMHVWUDQLKWHUPLQDX]RGUHÿHQLVWHSHQDGDSWDFLMH2YDGLKRWRPLMD
VHMDVQRYLGLNRG.RRUGLQDFLRQRJ%LURD]DDUDEL]DFLMX,DNRMHRYDM%LUR
]DGXåHQ XSUDYR ]D DUDEL]DFLMX X SUYRP ]QDþHQMX RYRJ WHUPLQD DUDEL
]DFLMD GUXJR]QDþHQMH MHPDQMHSRåHOMQDPHWRGDXWYRUELWHUPLQDLYUãLVH
VDPRXVOXþDMXQXåGH
$UDEL]DFLMLNDRDGDSWDFLMLUHþLVWUDQRJSRUHNODSUHWKRGLMH]LþNRSR
]DMPOMLYDQMH DUDO¶LTWLUƗঌDO¶LTWLEƗV 3R]DMPOMLYDQMHMHPHWRGNRMLPVH
YRNDEXODU DUDSVNRJ MH]LND ERJDWLR RG GDYQLK YUHPHQD 2QR VH QDMþHãüH
YUãLSXWHPDUDEL]DFLMH DUDOWDµUƯE LOLSUHX]LPDQMDQHDUDEL]RYDQLKSR
]DMPOMHQLFD DUDOGDKƯO ±]ERJWRJDVH]DVWUDQXUHþXDUDSVNRPMH]LNX
NRULVWHWHUPLQLNDOLPDPXµDUUDEDLNDOLPDGDhƯODGDR]QDþHDGDSWLUDQX
DUDEL]RYDQX LQHDGDSWLUDQX QHDUDEL]RYDQX SR]DMPOMHQLFXUHVSHNWLYQR
%ƗVLOEµ8ED\G =DVWUDQHWHUPLQHNRMLVXVHDGDSWLUDOL
QDJUDIRORãNRPIRQRORãNRPQLYRXDNRMLSRREOLNXQHSRGVHüDMXQDDUDS
VNHUHþLPRåHPRUHüLGDVSDGDMXXQHDGDSWLUDQHSR]DMPOMHQLFH8NROLNR
VHWHUPLQDGDSWLUDQDPRUIRORãNRPQLYRXLSRREOLNXSRGVHüDQDDUDSVNH
UHþLRQMHDUDEL]RYDQ3ULPHUGREURDUDEL]RYDQHUHþLMHWHUPLQMHWHUPLQ
PDQHYDU HQJ PDQHXYHU IU PDQ°XYUH NRML MH X DUDSVNRP DGDSWLUDQ
NDRPXQƗZDUD-RãMHGDQGREDUSULPHUMHVWUDQLWHUPLQNRMLXDUDSVNRP
LPDQHNROLNRREOLNDMHUVHDGDSWLUDRQDYLãHQDþLQD8SLWDQMXMHWHUPLQ
WHKQRORJLMD HQJWHFKQRORJ\IUWHFKQRORJLH 8DUDSVNRPVHNRULVWLRYDM
WHUPLQNRMLMHSURãDRID]XJUDIRORãNHIRQRORãNHDGDSWDFLMH±WLNQnjOnjJL\Ɨ
0HÿXWLPNRULVWHVHLWHUPLQLWDTQL\\DWDTƗQDLWLTƗQDNRMLVXVHXVSHãQR
XNORSLOLXDUDSVNHWYRUEHQHREUDVFHSDVHQMLKRYRVWUDQRSRUHNORQHRVHüD
.DRSRNXãDMRþXYDQMDþLVWRWHDUDSVNRJMH]LNDSUHYRÿHQMHPVMHGQH
VWUDQH L QDVWRMDQMH GD VH GRELMH HNRQRPLþDQ WHUPLQ SRJRGDQ ]D GDOMX
GHULYDFLMX V GUXJH X DUDSVNRP VH MDYOMD L MHGDQ EURM KLEULGQLK WHUPLQD
2YLWHUPLQLVDVWRMHVHGHOLPLþQRRGVWUDQLKDGHOLPLþQRRGDUDSVNLKWYRU
EHQLKHOHPHQDWD1DSULPHUWHUPLQPHWDMH]LN HQJPHWDODQJXDJHIUPp
WDODQJDJH MH QD DUDSVNL SUHYHGHQ NDR PƯWƗOXƥD WHUPLQ VRFLROLQJYLVWLND
HQJVRFLROLQJXLVWLFVIUVRFLROLQJXLVWLTXH NDRVnjV\njOLVƗQL\\ƗDWHUPLQ
JHRSROLWLþNL HQJJHRSROLWLFDOIUJpRSROLWLTXH NDR÷L\njVL\ƗVL\\
,]YRULWHUPLQRORJLMH
3RUHGREMDYOMLYDQMDUHþQLNDLQVWLWXFLMH]DGXåHQH]DQDXþQRVWUXþQX
WHUPLQRORJLMXXQRYLMHYUHPHVHXNOMXþXMXLXSURMHNWHNUHLUDQMDWHUPLQR
Ivana R. Mali
ORãNLKED]DSRGDWDNDGRVWXSQLKQDYHEX%D]HWHUPLQRORãNLKSRGDWDNDQD
YHEXPRåHPRNODVL¿NRYDWLSUHPDQMLKRYRMQDPHQL
%D]HWHUPLQDSULYHOLNLPLQVWLWXFLMDPDNDRãWRVXED]HWHUPLQD
81LVO2QHVDGUåHWHUPLQRORJLMXREODVWLNRMRPVHRGUHÿHQDLQ
VWLWXFLMDEDYLLQDPHQMHQHVXSREROMãDMXSUHYRÿHQMDXRNYLUXGDWH
REODVWL
%D]HWHUPLQDSRYH]DQHVDLQVWLWXFLMDPDNRMHVDEDYHVWDQGDUG
L]DFLMRP L XQL¿FLUDQMHP DUDSVNH QDXþQRVWUXþQH WHUPLQRORJLMH
NDRãWRMHED]D.RRUGLQDFLRQRJELURD]DDUDEL]DFLMXLOLED]HDUDS
VNLKDNDGHPLMD]DMH]LN2QHLPDMX]DFLOMVSURYRÿHQMHMH]LþNH
SROLWLNHNRMDVHRJOHGDXXYRÿHQMXDUDSVNRJMH]LNDXVYHVIHUH
åLYRWDLQDXNH
%D]HWHUPLQDL]GDYDþNLKNXüDNRMHQHNHRGVYRMLKSXEOLNDFLMD
þLQHGRVWXSQLPXHOHNWURQVNRMIRUPLUDGLVRSVWYHQHSURPRFLMH
SRSXWL]GDYDþNHNXüH0DNWDED/XEQƗQQƗãLUXQ
2VWDOH ED]H RELþQR VDP VNURPQLP LQYHQWDURP UD]QLK YUVWD L
QDPHQD
'DQDVMHQDYHEXGRVWXSDQYHOLNLEURMWHUPLQRORãNLKUHþQLNDNRMLVX
SUYRELWQR REMDYOMHQL X ãWDPSDQRM IRUPL 1D SULPHU UHþQLþNH SXEOLNDFL
MH MRUGDQVNH$NDGHPLMH PRJX VH SUHX]HWL VD YHE VDMWD RYH LQVWLWXFLMH X
GRF IRUPDWX 2YGH VH PRJX QDüL SROMRSULYUHGQD YRMQD PHWHRURORãND
JUDÿHYLQVND DXWRPRELOVND L LQåHQMHUVND WHUPLQRORJLMD SRWRP WHUPL
QRORJLMDXSR]RUHQMDL]DãWLWHRGSRåDUDNOLPDWL]DFLMHLKODÿHQMDEH]EHG
QRVWLUDGLMDLWHOHYL]LMHLWG.RRUGLQDFLRQLELUR]DDUDEL]DFLMXWDNRÿHQXGL
YHEED]XSRGDWDNDXNRMRMVHPRJXQDüLWHUPLQLRGREUHQLRGVWUDQHRYH
LQVWLWXFLMH1DVWDODMHQDRVQRYXEURMQLKWHUPLQRORãNLKUHþQLNDNRMHMH%LUR
REMDYLRLREXKYDWDþDNREODVWLVDHQJOHVNLPDUDSVNLPLOLIUDQFXVNLP
HNYLYDOHQWLPD WHUPLQD PHÿX NRMLPD VH QDOD]H OLQJYLVWLND PDWHPDWLND
KHPLMDELRORJLMDJHRJUD¿MDHNRQRPLMDLUDþXQRYRGVWYRREQRYOMLYLL]YRUL
HQHUJLMH¿OR]R¿MDSUDYRPDãLQVWYRLQIRUPDWLNDYHWHULQDLPQRJHGUXJH
REODVWL 6OLþQX ED]X SRVHGXMH L HJLSDWVND$NDGHPLMD ]D DUDSVNL MH]LN 8
QMRMVHQDOD]HSUDYQDPHGLFLQVND¿OR]RIVNDJHRJUDIVNDPDWHPDWLþNDL
PQRJHGUXJHWHUPLQRORJLMH
âWR VH WLþH L]GDYDþNLK NXüD NRMH WDNRÿH LJUDMX ]QDþDMQX XORJX X
ãLUHQMX QDXþQRVWUXþQH WHUPLQRORJLMH WUHED L]GYRMLWL OLEDQVNRJ L]GDYDþD
$5$36.,-(=,.±6758ý1$7(50,12/2*,-$
0DNWDED/XEQƗQQƗãLUnjQ2YDL]GDYDþNDNXüDRVQRYDQDMHJRGLQH
NDRGLVWLEXWHUSXEOLNDFLMDORQGRQVNHL]GDYDþNHNXüH/RQJPDQ.DNRSUR
IHVRU6LHQ\QDYRGLÄ7KLVLVWKHPRVWDFWLYHSXEOLVKHULQWKH¿HOGRIGLF
WLRQDULHV HVSHFLDOO\ ELOLQJXDO RQHV ,W HYHQ KDV D VSHFLDO GLFWLRQDU\ GH
SDUWPHQW ZKLFK LV UHVSRQVLEOH IRU WKH SURGXFWLRQ DQGRI SXEOLFDWLRQ RI
WKH ODUJHVW QXPEHU RI VFLHQWL¿F GLFWLRQDULHV LQ WKH 0LGGOH (DVW´
0HÿXSXEOLNDFLMDPDRYRJL]GDYDþDGRVWXSQLPQDYHEXPRJXVHQDüL
EURMQLVWUXþQLUHþQLFLL]VOHGHüLKREODVWLJHRJUD¿MDSUDYRUDþXQDUVWYRL
LQWHUQHW¿OR]R¿MDPHGLFLQDHNRQRPLMDLPQRJLGUXJL3RMHGLQLUHþQLFLVX
HQFLNORSHGLMVNRJWLSDSDVDGUåHGH¿QLFLMHWHUPLQD
-HGQDRGQDMVWDULMLKLQDMSR]QDWLMLKEDQDNDWHUPLQDVDYHOLNLPLQYHQ
WDURPMH6DXGLMVNDPDãLQVNDEDQNDWHUPLQD±%$60 DUDO%DQNDOƗOL\\
DOVDµnjGL\\OLDOPXৢ৬DODতƗW±%ƗVP %DQNXMHRVQRYDR*UDGNUDOMD$E
GHOD]L]D]DQDXNXLWHKQRORJLMX DU0DGƯQDDOPDOLNµ$EGDOµ$]Ư]OLDO
µXOnjPZDDOWDTQL\\D X5LMDGX5DGQDRYRMEDQFLWHUPLQDSRþHRMH
JRGLQHVDFLOMHPGDVHVWYRULþHWYRURMH]LþQLRQODMQUHþQLNHQFLNORSHGLMVN
RJWLSDSRPRüXNRJELUD]QLVWUXþQLWHUPLQLELOLGRVWXSQLNRULVQLFLPD2YD
EDQNDVDGUåLWHUPLQHQDDUDSVNRPHQJOHVNRPIUDQFXVNRPLQHPDþNRP
MH]LNX6YLWHUPLQLVXQDYHGHQLQDDUDSVNRPLHQJOHVNRPMH]LNXGRNVDPR
QHNLWHUPLQLLPDMXIUDQFXVNLRGQRVQRQHPDþNLHNYLYDOHQW'RVWXSQHVX
L GH¿QLFLMH QHNLK WHUPLQD QD HQJOHVNRP LOL DUDSVNRP MH]LNX 3RGDFL ]D
RYXEDQNXWHUPLQDX]LPDQLVXL]UD]QLKL]YRUD±RGDUDSVNLKDNDGHPLMD
L.RRUGLQDFLRQRJELURD]DDUDEL]DFLMXSRWRPRGPQRJLKGUXJLKDUDSVNLK
LQVWLWXFLMD NRMH VH EDYH DUDEL]DFLMRP NDR L QHNLK VWUDQLK WHUPLQRORãNLK
ED]DSRGDWDND ৡƯQL\\ 8VWYDUDQMXRYHEDQNHNRULãüHQD
VX LVNXVWYD SR]QDWLK EDQDND WHUPLQD X ]DSDGQRM (YURSL SRVHEQR LVNXV
WYD NRMH LPDMX ,QIRWHUP L ,62 µ8ED\G %DQND MH GRVWXSQD
QDLQWHUQHWVWUDQLFLZZZEDVPNDFVWHGXVDLVDGUåLWHUPLQHL]YLãHRGGYH
VWRWLQHREODVWL
âWR VH WLþH QRYLMLK SURMHNHWD NRML VX MRã X L]UDGL WUHED SRPHQXWL
7HKQLþNLUHþQLNDUDSVNRJVYHWD±$UDEWHUP2YDED]DSRGDWDNDQDYHEX
SRVWRMLRGPDMDJRGLQHLQDVWDODMHNDRUH]XOWDWVDUDGQMHRUJDQL]DFL
MH$/(&62L)HGHUDOQRJPLQLVWDUVWYD]DHNRQRPVNXVDUDGQMXLUD]YRMX
1HPDþNRM QHP%XQGHVPLQLVWHULXPIUZLUWVFKDIWOLFKH=XVDPPHQDUEHLW
XQG(QWZLFNOXQJGHU%XQGHVUHSXEOLN'HXWVFKODQG±%0= =DQMHJRYX
LPSOHPHQWDFLMX]DGXåHQLVX.RRUGLQDFLRQLELUR]DDUDEL]DFLMXL1HPDþND
Ivana R. Mali
RJUDQL]DFLMD]DWHKQLþNXVDUDGQMX QHP'HXWVFKHQ*HVHOOVFKDIWIU,QWHU
QDWLRQDOH=XVDPPHQDUEHLW±*,= XVDUDGQMLVD*HWHRYLPLQVWLWXWRP QHP
*RHWKH,QVWLWXW &LOMRYRJSURMHNWDMHVWDQGDUGL]DFLMDDUDSVNHWHKQLþNHWHU
PLQRORJLMHNRMDMHRGREUHQDQDNRQIHUHQFLMDPDNRMHRGUåDYD$/(&62X
VDUDGQMLVD.RRUGLQDFLRQLPELURRP]DDUDEL]DFLMXLQDNRMLPDSULVXVWYXMX
SUHGVWDYQLFL DUDSVNLK MH]LþNLK DNDGHPLMD 6WDQGDUGL]DFLMD WHUPLQD X RNYL
UXRYRJSURMHNWDYUãLVHXVNODGXVDRGOXNDPDNRQIHUHQFLMD]DDUDEL]DFLMX
NRMHSRYUHPHQRRGUåDYD$/(&62X]VDUDGQMXEURMQLKPLQLVWDUVWDYDRE
UD]RYDQMD L DNDGHPLMD ]D MH]LN X ]HPOMDPD$UDSVNH OLJH &LOM SURMHNWD MH
SULSUHPDHOHNWURQVNRJUHþQLNDHQFLNORSHGLMVNRJWLSDNRMLELVDGUåDRWHUPLQH
NODVL¿NRYDQHSUHPDWHKQLþNLPREODVWLPDLUD]OLþLWLPVHNWRULPDLQGXVWULMH
QDþHWLULMH]LND±DUDSVNRPHQJOHVNRPQHPDþNRPLIUDQFXVNRP7UHQXWQR
VXGRVWXSQHVOHGHüHREODVWLDXWRPRELOVNDWHKQRORJLMDYRGRWHKQRORJLMDRE
QRYOMLYL L]YRUL HQHUJLMH HOHNWURWHKQLND WUDQVSRUW L LQIUDVWUXNWXUD WHNVWLOQD
LQGXVWULMDNDRLWHUPLQRORJLMDNOLPHLåLYRWQHVUHGLQH'RNUDMDWUH
EDORELGDVHSRMDYHLVOHGHüHREODVWLJUDÿHYLQDREUD]RYDQMHLQIRUPDFLRQH
WHKQRORJLMHSROMRSULYUHGDHNRQRPLMDQDQRLELRWHKQRORJLMD%DQFLVHPRåH
SULVWXSLWLQDDGUHVLZZZDUDEWHUPRUJSUHNRLQWHUQHWVWUDQLFH.RRUGLQDFLR
QRJELURD]DDUDEL]DFLMXLOLSUHNRYHEVDMWDMRUGDQVNH$NDGHPLMH
9HOLNXXORJXXVWYDUDQMXYLãHMH]LþQLKWHUPLQRORãNLKED]DSRGDWDND
XNRMLPDVHQDOD]LLDUDSVNLMH]LNRGLJUDOHVX8MHGLQMHQH1DFLMHNRMLPD
MHDUDSVNLMHGDQRG]YDQLþQLKMH]LND%D]D8MHGLQMHQLKQDFLMDX1MXMRUNX
$5$%7(50MHED]D$UDSVNRJSUHYRGLODþNRJVHUYLVDSUL816DGUåL
KLOMDGHWHUPLQDQDDUDSVNRPHQJOHVNRPIUDQFXVNRPLãSDQVNRPMH]LNX
%D]DMHGRVWXSQDQDLQWHUQHWXQDDGUHVLZZZXQWHUPXQRUJGJDDFVDUDE
WHUPQVI'RNMHED]D$5$%7(50VSHFLMDOL]RYDQD]DDUDSVNLMH]LNED]D
WHUPLQRORãNLKSRGDWDND±817(50MHRSãWHJWLSD2YDED]DWDNRÿHSULSD
GD81X1MXMRUNXLQDVWDMDODMHJRGLQDPDNDNRELRGJRYRULODQDSRWUHEH
]D WHUPLQLPD X 81 2YGH VH WUHQXWQR KLOMDGD WHUPLQD QD ãHVW MH]LND
81±HQJOHVNRPDUDSVNRPIUDQFXVNRPãSDQVNRPUXVNRPLNLQHVNRP
3RUHGWHUPLQRORãNLKHNYLYDOHQDWDGRVWXSQHVXLGHWDOMQLMHLQIRUPDFLMHR
WHUPLQLPD%D]DMHGRVWXSQDQDDGUHVLZZZXQWHUPXQRUJ
=DNOMXþDN
,DNR MH SURãDR þLWDY MHGDQ YHN QDSRUD DUDSVNLK LQVWLWXFLMDX WYRUEL
WHUPLQRORJLMH QMLKRY UDG QLMH ELR GRYROMDQ GD UHãL SUREOHP QHGRVWDWND
$5$36.,-(=,.±6758ý1$7(50,12/2*,-$
/LWHUDWXUD
DOµ$EEƗV µ$ DOণ µ$Q DOQDতW IƯ DOµDUDEL\\D DOPXµDৢLUD DO
/LVƗQDOµDUDEL\\>RQOLQH@'RVWXSQRSUHNRKWWSZZZ
DUDEL]DWLRQRUJPDPDJD]LQH¿OHVSGISGI>@
DO+DWƯE$â DOµ$UDEL\\DZDPDãƗNLOXKƗIƯPD÷ƗODOPXৢ৬DODতƗW
DOµLOPL\\D ZD PXQƗTDãD তƗO KDGLKL DOPXৢ৬DODতƗW ED\QD DOWDµUƯE
ZDDOZDঌµ0D÷DOODPD÷PDµDOOXƥDDOµDUDEL\\DELDO4ƗKLUD
DO+D৬ƯE $ â 0DQKD÷L\\D EDQƗ¶ DOPXৢ৬DODতƗW DO/LVƗQ DO
µDUDEL\\>RQOLQH@'RVWXSQRSUHNRKWWSZZZDUDEL
]DWLRQRUJPDPDJD]LQH¿OHVSGISGI>@
DO6XZD\VL\\0 0XãNLODZDঌµDOPXৢ৬DODত$OOLVƗQDOµDUDEL\\
%DNHU 0 5HYLHZ RI 0HWKRGV 8VHG IRU &RLQLQJ 1HZ 7HUPV
LQ $UDELF 0HWD -RXUQDO GHV WUDGXFWHXUV >RQ
OLQH@ 'RVWXSQR SUHNR KWWSLGHUXGLWRUJUHYXHPHWDY
QDUSGI>@
%ƗVLO*0 DO0XµDUUDEZDDOGDKƯOIƯDOOXƥDDOµDUDEL\\D %DতW
PXTDGGDPOLQD\OGDUD÷DDOGXNWnjUƗ ,VODPDEDG
%LOƗVL\\0DO6µ$ $OQDতWIƯDOOXƥDDOµDUDEL\\D$OOLVƗQDO
µDUDEL\\>RQOLQH@'RVWXSQRSUHNRKWWSZZZDUDEL
]DWLRQRUJPDPDJD]LQH¿OHVSGISGI>@
Ivana R. Mali
$5$36.,-(=,.±6758ý1$7(50,12/2*,-$
,YDQD50DOL
6XPPDU\
$5$%,&/$1*8$*(±352)(66,21$/7(50,12/2*<
7KHDLPRIWKLVSDSHULVWRSURYLGHLQVLJKWLQWRWKHSUREOHPVDQGZD\VRI
WHUPIRUPDWLRQLQ0RGHUQ6WDQGDUG$UDELF KHUHLQDIWHU06$ 7KHQHHGIRUDQ
RUJDQL]HGDQGV\VWHPDWLFWHUPIRUPDWLRQEHJDQWRHPHUJHDWWKHHQGRIWKHQLQH
WHHQWKFHQWXU\DVDUHVXOWRIWKHIUHTXHQWFRQWDFWVRIWKH$UDEZRUOGZLWKWKH:HVW
0DQ\QHZVFLHQWL¿FDQGWHFKQLFDOFRQFHSWVDSSHDUHGZKLFKFUHDWHGWKHQHHGWR
FRLQQHZWHUPV7KHSDSHUVXJJHVWVWKDWWKHWHUPIRUPDWLRQLQ06$ZDVVHFRQG
DU\EHFDXVHWKHWHUPVZHUHWUDQVODWHGIURP(QJOLVK RU)UHQFK 7KHSDSHUVKRZV
WKDWFRQFHSWVDQGWHUPVZHUHQRWWKHRQO\WKLQJWKDWZDVLPSRUWHGIURPWKH:HVW
EXWDOVRZD\VRIFRLQLQJWKHP7KHSUDFWLFDOJRDORIWKLVSDSHULVWRLGHQWLI\ZHE
EDVHGWHUPLQRORJ\VRXUFHVLQWKH06$
.H\ZRUGV$UDELFODQJXDJHWHUPLQRORJ\WUDQVODWLRQ$UDEL]DWLRQ