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Akh Ymi DD WT00X D Ce Rep 5000 0
Akh Ymi DD WT00X D Ce Rep 5000 0
Employer’s Representative:
27.06.2016
ERC AKH Railway Project
Project:
Employer:
Employer’s Representative:
Contractor:
www.ym.com.tr
Designer:
Report Name:
T04 TUNNEL WATER TANK STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT
Report No:
A K H - YM I - DD - WT 0 0 X - D - C E - R E P - 5 0 0 0 - 0
Project Organization Stage Location Category Discipline Type of Number Vers.
Document
PREPARED BY
YM Senior Structural
Checked by E. Gürdal
Design Engineer
YM General Structural
Approved by Ö. Güzel
Design Manager
APPROVAL
APPROVED BY
2 LOADS ................................................................................................................................ 11
3 MATERIALS ........................................................................................................................ 23
5 CALCULATIONS ................................................................................................................. 25
1.3 References
Standards and references to be used in the design are the followings;
EN 1992-1-1:2004 - Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and
rules for buildings
Foundation:
5cm levelling concrete : 1.2 kN/m2 & 12cm levelling concrete : 2.6 kN/m2
Roof Slab :
Isolation + (6cm Gravel+12cm levelling concrete) = (1.5 kN/m2) + ( 2.6 kN/m2) = 4.1 kN/m2
As it is seen from the table above; Awash, Shewarobit and Kombolcha Stations are
resting over fill and Hayk Station is resting over natural soil. In the geotechnical reports of
Shewarobit and Kombolcha Stations the following soil parameters are recommended for
buildings which are resting over fill:
In order to be on the safe side following parameters are selected for design of Water Tank
Type-I:
Soil Parameter Water Tank (Type – I)
Bearing Resistance (qu) 150 kPa
Vertical Subgrade Reaction Modulus (kv) 15 MN/m3
The soil parameters shall be justified for Awash and Hayk Stations after the execution of
necessary geotechnical investigations for these stations. In the case of soil parameters for
Awash or Hayk Station would be worse than the values which are taken in the calculations, the
structural analysis shall be carried for the Station which needs to be verified with these soil
parameters. In the design of Water Tank (Type-I) which are resting over compacted fill, "Soil Type
C" is considered in the seismic design of these buildings in a conservative approach.
The following Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values are considered along the project:
PGA : 0.20g in the vicinity of Kare-Kore (up to 25km north and down to 25km south),
PGA : 0.16g at the other places.
Water Tank Type-I structures are only located at four places (Awash, Shewarobit,
Kombolcha, Hayk Stations) which are not within the 25km vicinity of Kare-Kore. The peak ground
acceleration value is taken as 0.20g instead of 0.16g to be on the safe side.
Unit weight of soil is taken as 19kN/m 3 depending on the geotechnical report provided and
loaded linearly to circumference. K0 is taken as 0.5 by assuming the fill material has an angle of friction
of 30 degree.Depending on geotechnical reports to be provided for each station, assumptions are going
to be checked and the model shall be updated whenever unfavorable results are obtained then the
assumptions made.
At rest soil loads are defined as linearly increasing triangular distribution as a function of depth:
𝑃 (𝑧) = z. γ. K0
γ : 19 kN/m3
K0 : 0.5
Dynamic behaviour of soil carried by the circumference of the structure is represented as rigid
retaining wall carrying soil and calculated depending on “EN.1998.5.2004 Annex E : Simplified analysis
for retaining structures”.
Pd = α . S. γ . H2 ( Equation E.19 )
Pd : Horizontal dynamic impulsive force by the soil under earthquake conditions to be applied
at the mid height of the retaining structure.
Pd is calculated as 4,6 kN/m and applied at the mid height of circumference walls for two axis
in two different case
Pd.
During at rest conditions; four different cases are analysed by using linearly increasing
water pressure. Two cases are set for the two possibility of checkerboard loading, one case
is set for the permeability test of the structure after the construction ,and lastly; one accidental
case, overflow case, is investigated. At rest water pressures are defined as linearly increasing
triangular distribution as a function of water depth:
𝑃𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = z. γ
Where;
γ : 10 kN/m3
During earthquake; impulsive and sloshing effect of water stored are represented in four
different load cases for two main axis.
The case only when the raw water volume of the tank is full and the treated water side is empty.
The case only when the treated water volume of the tank is full and the raw water side is
empty.
The accidental case when the discharge parts of the tank are not working and the water inside
the tank is full up to the bottom level of the entrance door.
This case includes both permeability test time just after the construction is completed and the
operational case when the water levels are expected as the mechanical requirements. This is the sum
of the values given in the both checkerboard cases.
T04 TUNNEL WATER TANK
STRUCTURAL DESIGN AKH – YMI – DD – WT00X – D– CE – REP – 5000 – 0 27.06.2016
REPORT
This report must not be either loaned, copied or otherw ise reproduced in w hole or in part or used f or any Page: 19 /
purpose w ithout the prior w ritten permission of Yapı Merkezi. © Yapi Merkezi Insaat ve Sanayi A. Ş., 2015 66
ERC AKH Railway Project
2.5.5 Earthquake Sloshing Effect
This case represents the sloshing effect of stored water under earthquake conditions. The cases
are set for two different axis and calculated depending on en.1998.4.2004 Annex A (A.4 Rectangular
Tanks).
Se calculations
n : 1 (EC 8.1 Equ 3.6)
T : 2,6 s (EC 8.4 Equ A.46)
TB : 0,15 s (EC 8.1 Table 3.2)
TC : 0,50 s (EC 8.1 Table 3.2)
TD : 2,00 s (EC 8.1 Table 3.2)
S : 1,15 (EC 8.1 Table 3.2)
a0 : 0,2 s
q : 1 (EC 8.4 2.4)
I : 1 (EC 8.1 Table 4.3)
2
Se : 0,83 m/s (EC 8.1 Equ 3.5)
This case represents the impulsive effect of stored water under earthquake conditions. The
cases are set for two different axis and calculated depending on en.1998.4.2004 Annex A (A.4
Rectangular Tanks).
for L=2,35m
z (m) z/h q0(z)/q0(0) q0(z) Fi (kN/m) simplified linearly as
4,7 1,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00
4,0 0,85 0,70 0,74 9,77 14,00
3,0 0,64 0,90 0,95 12,56
2,0 0,43 0,92 0,97 12,84
1,0 0,21 0,95 1,00 13,26
0,0 0,00 1,00 1,05 13,95 14,00
for L=6,2m
z (m) z/h q0(z)/q0(0) q0(z) Fi (kN/m) simplified linearly as
Input values chosen in order to use response spectrum function are represented in the following
window.
Explanations of abbrevations:
D : Dead load
Q : Live load
H : Soil load
W1 : Raw water
W2 : Treated water side
Wc : Sloshing effect of water during earthquake
Wi : Impulsive effect of water during earthquake
Wa : Overflow case of water
Heq : Dynamic effect of soil during earthquake
Hq : Surcharge load
3 MATERIALS
Concrete used during the calculations is assumed to have a cylinder strength of 25 MPa and should
satisfy the requirements of EN.1992.1.1.2004 Chapter 3.1.
Reinforcement Steel to be used in the construction is B500B Steel class and should satisfy the
requirements of chapter 3.2. and annex C of EN.1992.1.1.2004 and also Chapter 5.2.1 of
EN.1998.2.2005.
Reinforcement areas required for slabs and shear walls are calculated depending on the most critical
design moments taken as results of the model. Torsional effects are taken into consideration and added
to both M11 & M22 moments at the critical design sections while choosing the desing moment. Then;
flexural calculations are made in order to find the required area of reinforcement steel for each section.
The distance between the bottom elevation of the roof slab and the operational water level is 200cm.
Wave height during an earthquake can’t overcome such a height, therefore; freeboard requirements are
assumed to be satisfied.
Sufficient water isolation will be provided for both inside and outside of the tank. Therefore; the
concrete sections are assumed to be dry in any condition and crack control is checked under these
conditions according to EN.1992.1.1.2004 section 7.3.
____________________________________________________________________________
M_d = 55 kN.m / m
M_d = 21 kN.m / m
M_d = 27 kN.m / m
M_d = 13 kN.m / m
M_d = 45 kN.m /
m
V_cr = 65 KN/m
Soil bearing capacity checks are done for Earthquake and Ultimite Limit States by considering
the Design Approach 2. Since the efforts are much less than the resistances the efforts for earthquake
and ULS combinations are compared with resistances obtained according to Design Approach 2 only.
Since this calculation report is valid for all Water Tank (Type-I) structures planned to be
constructed within the scope of this project, 400kPa bearing capacity assumption is made for soil under
the structure. This assumption is planned to be validated for all construction sites before the structure is
constructed.
Calculations on the following page are the typical flexural calculations showing typical moment
resistance of the cross section against reinforcements provided.
M_d = 7 kN.m / m
M_d = 12 kN.m / m
M_d = 12 kN.m / m
M_d = 16 kN.m / m
M_d = 12 kN.m / m
M_d = 5 kN.m / m
M_d = 10 kN.m / m
M_d = 10 kN.m / m
M_d = 33 kN.m / m
M_d = 15 kN.m / m
M_d = 8 kN.m / m
M_d = 21 kN.m /
m
M_d = 25 kN.m / m
V_d = 60 kN/ m
V_d = 85 kN / m
M_d = 16 kN.m /
m
M_d = 21 kN.m /
m
M_d = 35 kN.m / m
M_d = 18 kN.m / m
V_d = 55 kN
V_d =110 kN / m
V_d = 65 kN/ m
M_d = 12 kN.m / m
M_d = 15 kN.m / m
M_d = 22 kN.m / m
M_d = 24 kN.m / m
V_d = 45 kN / m
V_d = 70 kN.m / m
M_d = 22 kN.m
/m
M_d = 29 kN.m / m
M_d = 30 kN.m / m
M_d = 22 kN.m / m
V_d = 55 kN / m
V_d = 58 kN./ m
Sufficient water isolation will be provided for both inside and outside of the tank. Therefore; the
concrete sections are assumed to be dry in any condition and crack control is checked under these
conditions according to EN.1992.1.1.2004 section 7.3.3. The crack width is taken as 0.4mm as
suggested in Table 7.1N.
SLS combination of the structural modal is 1.0D+1.0H+1.0W+1.0Q and the moment results
are the followings.
In order to use the tables provided in code, stresses at the outermost tension reinforcement
should be calculated to check the diameter and spacing of reinforcement. Crack width calculations are
done for ø12/200 reinforced walls. This calculation also guarantees the crack width compatibility of
ø14/200 with the code.
Both stress and spacing criterias are satisfied according the tables in the code.