Akh Ymi DD ST50X D Ce Rep 1001 0

ERC
AWASH – KOMBOLCHA – HARA GEBAYA

RAILWAY PROJECT
Employer’s Representative:
TYPICAL TERMINAL STATION STRUCTU

Report No
A KH - YM I - DD - S T 5 0 X - D - CE - RE P - 1 0 0 1 - 0
Project Organization Stage Location Category Discipline Type of Number Vers.
Document
07.08.2015
ERC AKH Railway Project
Project:
AWASH – KOMBOLCHA – HARA GEBAYA

RAILWAY PROJECT, ETHIOPIA
Employer:
ETHIOPIAN RAILWAYS CORPORATION (ERC)
Employer’s Representative:
Contractor:
www.ym.com.tr
Designer:
Report Name:
TYPICAL TERMINAL STATION STRUCTURAL DESIGN REPORT
Report No:
A KH - YM I - DD - S T5 0 X - D - CE - RE P - 1 0 0 1 - 0
Project Organization Stage Location Category Discipline Type of Number Vers.
Document
Date: 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

TYPICAL TERMINAL STATION STRUCTURAL – DD – ST50X – D – CE – REP – 1001 – 0
REPORT 07.08.2015
This report must not be either loaned, copied or otherwise reproduced in whole or in part or used for any Page: 2 /
purpose without the prior written permission of Yapı Merkezi. © Yapi Merkezi Insaat ve Sanayi A.Ş.,2015 147
PREPARED BY
Edited by A. Karasu YM Structural Engineer
Checked by B. Zeybek YM Structural Engineer
YM Senior Structural
Checked by E. Günal
Design Engineer
YM General Structural
Approved by Ö. Güzel
Design Manager
Approved by Z. Uygun YM Deputy GM, Design
Approved by A. Kılıç YM Project Manager
APPROVAL
APPROVED APPROVED AS NOTED REJECTED
APPROVED BY
Name Title Signature & Stamp
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REPORT 07.08.2015
1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................ 5
2 STANDARDS................................................................................................................................. 7
3 LOAD ANALYSIS.......................................................................................................................... 7
4 MATERIALS................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1 CONCRETE............................................................................................................................ 8
4.2 REINFORCING STEEL.......................................................................................................... 9
4.3 STRUCTURAL STEEL......................................................................................................... 10
5 SEISMIC PARAMETERS............................................................................................................. 10
6 SEISMIC LOAD CALCULATIONS............................................................................................... 11
7 WIND LOADS.............................................................................................................................. 11
8 LOAD COMBINATIONS ACCORDING TO EUROCODE............................................................13
9 SECTION PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEM...............................................................15
10 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS and DESIGN................................................................................18
10.1 SPECIFICATIONS USED FOR STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN..........................................18

10.2 DRIFT CHECK...................................................................................................................... 18
10.3 STEEL CONNECTION DETAILS......................................................................................... 30
10.4 ROOF SLAB CALCULATIONS............................................................................................. 64
10.5 RAFT FOUNDATION CALCULATIONS...............................................................................68
11 DETAILS of STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS and DESIGN...........................................................81
11.1 MODAL ANALYSIS RESULTS............................................................................................. 81

11.2 LOADS.................................................................................................................................. 83
11.3 FRAME FORCES (M,V,N).................................................................................................... 98
11.4 DEMAND - CAPACITY RATIOS OF ELEMENTS...............................................................107
11.5 DESIGN SUMMARY TABLES............................................................................................117
11.6 JOINT NUMBER DATA...................................................................................................... 139
11.7 FRAME NUMBER DATA.................................................................................................... 141
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1 INTRODUCTION
The design will comply with the Eurocode standards. According to these standards, the structural
design will be developed following the Limit States principles, which define that the safety of a
structure as a whole, or any of its parts, is assured when the structural solicitation doesn’t exceed the
ultimate structural resistance of the element. This definition can be expressed by the following
equation:
Sd ≤ R d
Where Sd represents the structural forces obtained by the design and Rd is the ultimate structural
resistance of the element.
The Ultimate Limit States are related with the safety of either persons or the structure itself. The forces
are obtained by increasing the characteristic value of the loads by means of partial safety coefficients.
The resistance of the elements is evaluated through their geometrical characteristics and material
properties reduced by the material partial safety factors.
During some of the stages of the design, computer programs such as SAP2000 will be used. The
results from the structural models will be justified by presenting graphics and/or tables with the most
significant values. Additionally, in some cases, hand calculations can be used to verify these structural
models.
Horizontally braced system (M24/S460 Tension Rod) is used at roof plane and the bracings are only
working under tension loads by using tension only elements (compression limits=0) with nonlinear
analysis of SAP 2000. Also interstorey drifts, design forces are obtained from these nonlinear models.
Refer to “Station Buildings Design Manual” for further information about design principles.
Figure 1.1: Terminal Stations 3d Analysis Model
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Figure 1.2: Terminal Stations Foundation Formwork Plan
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2 STANDARDS
The buildings structural design will be carried out according to the following standards:
 EN 1990:2002 - Eurocode - Basis of structural design
 EN 1991-1-1:2002 - Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-1: General actions -

Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings
 EN 1991-1-4:2005 - Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions - Wind

actions
 EN 1991-1-5:2003 - Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-5: General actions - Thermal

actions
 EN 1992-1-1:2004 - Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and
rules for buildings
 EN 1993-1-1:2005 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and
rules for buildings
 EN 1993-1-8:2005 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-8: Design of joints
 EN 1997-1:2004 - Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design - Part 1: General rules
 EN 1998-1:2004 - Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance – Part 1:

General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings
 EN 1998-1:2004 - Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance – Part 5:

Foundations, retaining structures and geotechnical aspects
 ESCP-1:1983 Ethiopian Standart Code of Practice for Loading – Wind actions
 EBCS-1:1995 EthiopianBuilding Standart- Basis of Design and Actions on Structures
3 LOAD ANALYSIS
Dead Loads of structural members (G1) are considered by analysis program (Sap2000) automatically.
Dead loads (Roof Level) - G2

Concrete 8 cm 0,08X25 = 2 kN/m2
Gravel 6 cm 0,06X20 = 1,2 kN/m2
Isolation (rock wool =0,08x3kN/m3+Plaster(0,16kN/m2) = 0,40 kN/m2
False ceiling (0,2 kN/m2)+mechanical pipes(0,2 kN/m2) = 0,40 kN/m2
Total dead load = 4 kN/m2
Live loads (Roof Level) - Q

Live loads = 0,60 kN/m2
Mechanical live loads = 0,40 kN/m2
Total = 1 kN/m2
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Thermal effects - T
Uniform temperature effects are calculated for ±25 ˚C temperature differences.
Wall weights (Hollow Concrete Block)

Hollow concrete block wall self weight = 14,4 kN/m3(including mortar between
blocks)
20cm wide wall weight with plaster (both sides) = 4 kN/m2
kN
g=0 ,2 ×14 , 4+ 2× 0,028× 20=4 2
m
35cm wide wall weight with plaster (both sides) = 6,2 kN/m2
kN
g=0 ,35 × 14 , 4+ 2× 0,028 ×20=6 , 2 2
m
 Internal walls: 210 m2 x 4 =840 KN (the half weight of walls are taken into account at the top
of columns for seismic actions by being on the safe side)
 External wall weight 200 m2 x 6,2 =1240 KN
 Total wall weight ≈ 2100 kN
Cladding
aluminium cladding at z=8,40 height;
2
g=2, 15 ×0 , 5 kN /m ≅ 1 , 00 kN /m
4 MATERIALS
4.1 CONCRETE
The principles and criteria for concrete will be according to chapter 3.1. EN 1992-1-1. The properties
of each concrete class are presented in the below table (Table 3.1 EN 1992-1-1):
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Figure 4.1: Material properties
The values of the design compressive and tensile strengths are defined as:
f ck
f cd =
γc
f ctk ,0.05
f ctd=
γc
Where γ c is the partial safety factor for concrete. The recommended values are the following:
 γ c =1.50 for persistent and transient situations
−5 −1
The concrete dilatation coefficient is α t =10 ℃ .
4.2 REINFORCING STEEL

The steel to be used in the reinforcing bars of concrete elements will follow the specifications of
chapter 3.2. and annex C of EN 1992-1-1 and also chapter 5.2.1 of EN 1998-2.
The steel class will be B500B for all elements. The yield strength of the reinforcing steel:
f yk =500 MPa
The recommended values for the partial safety factor of reinforcing steel are the following:
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 γ s =1.15 for persistent and transient situations
4.3 STRUCTURAL STEEL

The structural steel shall comply with chapters 3.2 and 3.3 of EN 1993-1-1.
The structural steel will be of the following classes:
 Structural steel in plates:
t <40 mm S235J0 → fy=235 Mpa
t ≥ 40 mm S235J0 → fy=215 Mpa
 For bracings
t <40 mm S460N→ fy=460 Mpa
−5 −1
The structural steel dilatation coefficient for steel structures is α t =1.2 x 10 ℃ , and for composite
−5 −1
concrete-steel structures is α t =10 ℃ according to EN 1993-1-1 chapter 3.2.6.
5 SEISMIC PARAMETERS
Refer to “Basic Design Report No: AWR-YM-X-BTR-GNRL-001-00, Section 3.6 Seismicity, pages 12-
14” for the Seicmicity. Ground type C is selected according to site conditions (compacted fill under
control). Type I elastic response spectra is sellected according to Eurocode8 Table 3.2 (MS>5,5).
Ground Type S TB(S) TC(S) TD(S)

C 1,15 0,20 0,6 2,0
2, 5
T B ≤T ≤T C :S d ( t )=a g × S × (EUROCODE 8 3.14 )
q
a g=0 ,20 × g=0 , 20 ×9 , 81=1,962
S=1, 15
structural type is selected inverted pendulum and ductility class is selected DCM according to Table
6.2: Upper limit of reference values of behaviour factors for systems regular in elevation, behaviour
factor q is selected 2.
T C ≤ T ≤ T D :S d ( t )=a g × S ×
2 ,5 T c
q
×
T [ ] (EUROCODE 8 3.15 )
The vibration period of direction Y: T(y)=0,80 sec
2,5 0,6
Sd ( t ) y=1,962 ×1 ,15 × × =2 , 12 design spectrum at direction Y
2 0 , 80
The vibration period of direction Y: T(x)=0,93 sec
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2 ,5 0 , 60
Sd ( t ) x =1,962× 1, 15 × ×1 × =1 , 82design spectrum at direction X
2 0 , 93
combination coefficient for variable action is taken ψ 2i=0 ,3 . (EN 1990:2002Table A1.1)
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6 SEISMIC LOAD CALCULATIONS

Effective seismic weight is calculated.
W g 1=815 kN W g 2=3556 kN +2100 kN (wall weight)W q =934 kN
W tot =815+3556+2100+ 0 ,3 × 934=6751 kN
Importance class is taken III and importance factor is taken 1,2 at projects (EUROCODE 8 Table 4.3)
Base shear force is calculated;
F b=Sd (T 1)× m× λ (EUROCODE 8 4.5 )
λ=correlation factor∧is taken1
6751
F bx=1, 82 × ×1 ×1 , 2=1503 kN
9 , 81
6751
F by =2 ,12 × ×1 ×1 , 2=1750 kN
9 , 81
Seismic forces (entrance shelter)
81
F bx=1, 82 × ×1 ×1 , 2=18 kN
9 , 81
81
F by =2 ,12 × ×1 ×1 , 2=21kN
9 , 81
F bx=18+1503=1521 kN
F by =21+ 1750=1771 kN
In order to account for uncertainties in the location of masses and in the spatial variation of the seismic
motion, the calculated center of mass at each floor “i “ shall be considered as being displaced from its
nominal location in each direction by an accidental eccentricity:
e ai= ±0,05.Li
Where
e ai is the accidental eccentricity of story mass “i “ from its nominal location, applied in the same
direction at all floors;
Li is the floor-dimension perpendicular to the direction of the seismic action.
7 WIND LOADS
Wind forces will be calculated according to Section 6 of Ethiopian Standard Code of Practice for
Loading (ESCP1:1983). The wind loads are calculated for moderate climate condition with a total
height of buildings not greater than 18m.
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Until 15 meters wind pressure can be taken 0,61 kN/m2 (ESCP1:1983, Ethiopian Standard). This
value is also in parallel with the Chapter 3 Wind Actions of EBCS-1:1995 Code which gives similar
wind pressure values.
Wg =c.q.A
Wg : Wind load acting along the buildings

A : Area of the surface which wind load is acting,
c : Coefficient for taking into account the location of the surface
According to EN 1991-1-4:2005 Section 7.2 the coefficients for “c” is presented below:
0,8
0,8 0,5
Wind
0,8 Plan of building, “c” coefficients
0,7
Wind
0,8 0,5 Elevation of building, “c” coefficients
Figure 7.1: Wind loads Pressure Coefficients
WX3meter wind pressure=0,8×0,61×3=1,464 kN/m
WX6meter wind pressure =0,8×0,61×6=2,928 kN/m
WXy3meter wind pressure =0,8×0,61×3=1,464 kN/m
WXzdouble area wind pressure =0,7×0,61×1,16=0,64 kN/m
WXzsingle area wind pressure =0,7×0,61×0,75=0,32 kN/m
As calculated shown wind loads are subjected to the structure.
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8 LOAD COMBINATIONS ACCORDING TO EUROCODE

For each critical load case, the design values of the effects of actions (Ed) shall be determined by
combining the values of actions that are considered to occur simultaneously.
Each combination of actions should include: a leading variable action, or-an accidental action.
The combinations of actions should be in accordance with EN 1990 articles 6.4.3.2 to 6.4.3.4 .
The ULS and seismic combinations considered are included below:
UDSTL 1 1,35 G1+1,35G2
UDSTL 2 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,5Q
UDSTL 3 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,5Q+0,9WX
UDSTL 4 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,5Q-0,9WX
UDSTL 5 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,5Q+0,9WY
UDSTL 6 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,5Q-0,9WY
UDSTL 7 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,05Q+1,5WX
UDSTL 8 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,05Q-1,5WX
UDSTL 9 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,05Q+1,5WY
UDSTL 10 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,05Q-1,5WY
UDSTL 11 1 G1+1 G2+1,5 WX
UDSTL 12 1 G1+1 G2-1,5 WX
UDSTL 13 1 G1+1 G2+1,5 WY
UDSTL 14 1 G1+1 G2-1,5 WY
UDSTL 15 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q+EX+0,3EY+EXP
UDSTL 16 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q-EX-0,3EY-EXP
UDSTL 17 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q+EY+0,3EX+EYP
UDSTL 18 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q-EY-0,3EX-EYP
UDSTL 19 1 G1+1 G2+EX+EXP+0,3 EY
UDSTL 20 1 G1+1 G2-EX-EXP-0,3 EY
UDSTL 21 1 G1+1 G2+EY+EYP+0,3 EX
UDSTL 22 1 G1+1 G2-EY-EYP-0,3 EX
UDSTL 23 1 G1+1 G2
UDSTL 24 1 G1+1 G2+Q
TCOMB1 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,50Q+0,9T(+)
TCOMB2 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,50Q+0,9T(-)
TCOMB3 1,35 G1+1,35G2+0,9Q+1,50T(+)
TCOMB4 1,35 G1+1,35G2+0,9Q+1,50T(-)
TCOMB5 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,50T(+)
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TCOMB6 1,35 G1+1,35G2+1,50T(-)
TCOMB7 1,35 G1+1,35G2+0,9Q+0,9T(+)
TCOMB8 1,35 G1+1,35G2+0,9Q+0,9T(-)
For connections seismic loads are increased by multiplying q=2;
Connection combo 1 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q+2EX+0,6EY+2EXP
Connection combo 2 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q-2EX-0,6EY-2EXP
Connection combo 3 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q+2EY+0,6EX+2EYP
Connection combo 4 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q-2EY-0,6EX-2EYP
Connection combo 5 1 G1+1 G2+2EX+2EXP+0,6 EY
Connection combo 6 1 G1+1 G2-2EX-2EXP-0,6 EY
Connection combo 7 1 G1+1 G2+2EY+2EYP+0,6 EX
Connection combo 8 1 G1+1 G2-2EY-2EYP-0,6 EX

For foundation design the seismic forces are increased by taking Ω =1 and γ rd=1,4;
Foundation combo 1 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q+1,4EX+0,42EY+1,4EXP
Foundation combo 2 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q-1,4EX-0,42EY-1,4EXP
Foundation combo 3 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q+1,4EY+0,42EX+1,4EYP
Foundation combo 4 1 G1+1 G2+0,3Q-1,4EY-0,42EX-1,4EYP
Foundation combo 5 1 G1+1 G2+1,4EX+1,4EXP+0,42 EY
Foundation combo 6 1 G1+1 G2-1,4EX-1,4EXP-0,42 EY
Foundation combo 7 1 G1+1 G2+1,4EY+1,4EYP+0,42 EX
Foundation combo 8 1 G1+1 G2-1,4EY-1,4EYP-0,42 EX
For calculation of Bond Beams and Columns, defined load combinations are;
Combo 1 1,35 D
Combo 2 1,35D+1,50W
Combo 3 1D+1E
where:
G1 = Structural dead load (member dead loads)
G2 = Imposed dead load
Q = Live loads
EX,EY = Earthquake loads
EXP,EYP = Earthquake loads (Torsion loads eccentricity ±%5)
WX,WY = Wind loads
T = Temperature loads
0, 1, 2 = Loads combination coefficients

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9 SECTION PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Section properties of HE 300 column is shown below,
Figure 9.1: HE 300B section properties
Section properties of 250/250/10 box column is shown below,
Figure 9.2: 250/250/10 box column section properties
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Section properties of D=61cm t=1,91cm circular column is shown below,
Figure 9.3: Circular column section properties
Section properties of IPE 270 beam is shown below,
Figure 9.4: IPE 270 beam section properties
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All of the section properties of sections are listed below,
TABLE: Frame Section

Properties 01 - General
SectionName Shape t3 t2 tf tw t2b tfb dis Area I33 I22
Text Text m m m m m m m m2 m4 m4
24"19,1 Pipe 0,6100 0,0191 0,0355 0,0015 0,0015
250/250/10 Box/ 0,2500 0,2500 0,0100 0,0100 0,0096 0,0001 0,0001
Tube
2L90/14/9 Double 0,0900 0,3000 0,0090 0,0090 0,14 0,0029 0,0000 0,0000
Angle
D219,1 t=10mm Pipe 0,2191 0,0100 0,0066 0,0000 0,0000
D=60,3 t=3mm Pipe 0,0603 0,0030 0,0005 0,0000 0,0000
HD360.162 I/Wide 0,3640 0,3710 0,0218 0,0133 0,3640 0,0218 0,0203 0,0005 0,0002
Flange
HD400 /216 I/Wide 0,3750 0,3940 0,0277 0,0173 0,3940 0,0277 0,0274 0,0007 0,0003
Flange
HD400.187 I/Wide 0,3680 0,3910 0,0240 0,0150 0,3680 0,0240 0,0230 0,0006 0,0002
Flange
HE300B I/Wide 0,3000 0,3000 0,0190 0,0110 0,3000 0,0190 0,0149 0,0003 0,0001
Flange
IPE270 I/Wide 0,2700 0,1350 0,0102 0,0066 0,1350 0,0102 0,0046 0,0001 0,0000
Flange
IPE360 I/Wide 0,3600 0,1700 0,0127 0,0080 0,1700 0,0127 0,0073 0,0002 0,0000
Flange
IPE500 I/Wide 0,5000 0,2000 0,0160 0,0102 0,2000 0,0160 0,0116 0,0005 0,0000
Flange
M24 TENSION Circle 0,0240 0,0005 0,0000 0,0000
ROD S460
Table 9.1: Selected section properties
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10 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS and DESIGN
Structural Analysis and Design of all elements are done according to ultimate stress design method
represented in Eurocodes (EN 1998.1.2004 is considered for seismic design) by using SAP2000. The
steel sections which are used in the structural analysis and design are presented in Section 9. The
analysis model, actions over the structure, frame demand capacity ratios and detailed checks are
presented in Section 11.
10.1 SPECIFICATIONS USED FOR STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN

Structural steel design and detailing are in accordance with the Eurocode Structural Requirements for
Steel Structures (Eurocode 3) which provides minimum requirements for design and construction of
Steel Structures. All the standards which are considered during the analysis and design are presented
in Section 2.
10.2 DRIFT CHECK

For buildings having non-structural elements:
d r v ≤ 0,0075 h
Where;
dr is the interstory drift
h is the story height
v is the reduction factor which takes into account the lower return period of the seismic action
associated with the damage limitation requirement.
Under seismic load EY, deformed shapes are shown as belows;
Max displacement =15 mm
1-1 axes deformed shape (EY)
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Max displacement =17.9 mm
Max displacement =19.5

mm
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mm
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Table: Check of story drifts
Column Check
Axes
Hi, (mm) ∆ i,max(mm) dr ν /h Limit value
Control
1-1 4250 15 0,0028 0,0075 OK
2-2 4250 17,9 0,0034 0,0075 OK
3-3 4250 19,5 0,0037 0,0075 OK
4-4 5960 33,1 0,0044 0,0075 OK
5-5 8320 54,9 0,0053 0,0075 OK
7-7 8320 54,9 0,0053 0,0075 OK
8-8 5960 33,1 0,0044 0,0075 OK
9-9 4250 19,5 0,0037 0,0075 OK
10-10 4250 17,9 0,0034 0,0075 OK
11-11 4250 15 0,0028 0,0075 OK

mm
A-A axes deformed shape (EX)

mm
B-B axes deformed shape (EX)
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C-C axes deformed shape (EX)

mm
D-D axes deformed shape (EX)

mm
E-E axes deformed shape (EX)
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Table: Check of story drifts
Check
Column Axes Hi, (mm) ∆ i,max(mm) dr ν /h Limit value
Control
A-A 6105 47,2 0,0062 0,0075 OK
B-B 8320 68,2 0,0066 0,0075 OK
C-C 8320 66 0,0063 0,0075 OK
D-D 6105 40,7 0,0053 0,0075 OK
E-E 6105 41,6 0,0055 0,0075 OK
All the columns are satisfied the story drift check according to Eurocode 8.
1-1 axes deformed shape (G+Q)
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A-A axes deformed shape (G+Q)
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Max displacement =47.4mm
B-B axes deformed shape (G+Q)
C-C axes deformed shape (G+Q)
D-D axes deformed shape (G+Q)
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Table: Check of beam deflections
Beam Axes Li, (mm)

δ i,max(mm L/δ
Limit Check
) value Control
1-1 6000 8,1 740,74 250 OK
250
2-2 6000 16 375 OK
250
3-3 6000 16,3 368,1 OK
250
4-4 6000 11,5 521,74 OK
250
5-5 6000 5,7 1052,64 OK
250
7-7 6000 5,7 1052,64 OK
250
8-8 6000 11,5 521,74 OK
250
9-9 6000 16,3 368,1 OK
10-10 6000 16 375 250 OK
11-11 6000 8,1 740,74 250 OK

Table: Check of beam deflections
Check
Beam Axes Li, (mm) δ i,max(mm) L/δ Limit value
Control
A-A 12000 44,9 740,74 250 OK
B-B 12000 47,4 375 250 OK
C-C 12000 36,8 368,1 250 OK
E-E 6000 7,7 521,74 250 OK
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10.3 STEEL CONNECTION DETAILS
Figure 10.1:Terminal Station plan view (+4.58)
For B/8-B/29 Beam-Beam connections;

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Terminal Stations Joınt Connection Details
Bolt diameter 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 27 30
As(mm2) 36 58 84 115 157 192 245 303 353 459 561
஺ೞ As is the tensile stress area of bolt

Bolted Joints-Tension Resistance ‫ܨ‬௧ǡோௗൌ݇ ଶ*݂ ௨ ‫כ‬ fub is the ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
ଶெெ
ଶெ
EN 1993-1-8:2005 Table 3.4 γM2 1,25
k2 0,9
஺ೞ
Bolted Joints-Shear Resistance ‫ܨ‬௩ǡோௗൌܽ ௩*݂ ௨ ‫כ‬ As is the tensile stress area of bolt
ଶெெ
ଶெ
EN 1993-1-8:2005 Table 3.4 fub is the ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
γM2 1,25
Bolt Class 5,8 6,8 8,8 10,9 bolts 5,8 6,8 8,8 10,9
fub N/mm2 500 600 800 1000 αv 0,5 0,5 0,6 0,5
ௗ‫כ‬௧ k1 2,5
Bearing Resistance For Plate ‫ܨ‬௕ǡோௗൌ݇ ଵ*ܽ ௕‫݂כ‬௨ ‫כ‬ αb 1
ଶெெ
ଶெ
EN 1993-1-8:2005 Table 3.4 fu(N/mm2) s235 360
d diameter
t min(tw profil,tplate)
level 1
joint number 56
IPE360-IPE 270 connection
c
Forces kN
Ned 1,13
Vedz 36,24 ab
Vedy 0,36 IPE 270
s235
t plate (mm) 10 tw IPE270 ( mm) 6,6
a mm (mm) 10 tmin ( mm) 6,6 IPE 360
b mm (mm) 40 a weld ( mm) 5
c mm (mm) 120
Bolt properties
numbers 2 For bolted shear connections, the design
diameter 12 shear resistance of the bolts should be
As 84 higher than 1,2 times the design bearing EN 1998-1 :2004 6.5.5 (5)
class 10,9 resistance.
Resultant Force per Bolt
fx (kN) 0,565 fnet 23,95259 Fvrd kN 33,6 safe
fy (kN) 18,12 fnet*1,2 28,74311 Fbrd kN 57,024 safe
∆fx 15,1
n (numb.of bolts) 2
dh(mm) 13
d(mm) 150
fy steel(Mpa) 235
fu steel (Mpa) 360
x1top 40
x2bottom 40
h 200
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Block Tearing Conditions
Nmaks 1,13
Vmaks 36,24
case 1-1
Med(kNm) 5,436 γmo 1,1
Wp(mm3) 66000 γm2 1,25
Mpl (kNm) 14,1
case 1-1 safe
case1-2
Ver 162,813 γmo 1,1
case1-2 safe
case 2
l1 33,5 Ant 221,1
l2 140,5 Anv 927,3
Veff, Rd 178,053
case 2 safe
case 3
l3 107
Ant 706,2
Anv 442,2
Veff, Rd 257,928
case 3 safe
Note:
‫ܨ‬௫ ൌܰ ௗ Ȁ݊
‫ܨ‬௬ ൌܸ ௗ
ௗȀ݊௭
ο௫ ൌܸ ௗ
ௗ௭‫ כ‬ሺܽ ൅ ܾ ሻȀܿ
‫ܨ‬௧ ൌሺ‫ܨ‬௬ଵଶ ൅ ሺ‫ܨ‬௫ଵ ൅ ο௫ ሻଶ
ܸ ݅‫݀݁ݎ ݊݃݅ݏ‬
ௗ
௬
n number of bolts
For weld connections,weld checks are ignored. And welds are used both
sides of plate thickness of 5 mm.
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
For C/32-B/13 Beam and Column connections(1);
Bolt diameter 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 27 30
As(mm2) 36 58 84 115 157 192 245 303 353 459 561

ଶெெ
ଶெ
EN 1993-1-8:2005 Table 3.4 γM2 1,25
k2 0,9
஺ೞ
ଶெெ
ଶெ
γM2 1,25
Bolt Class 5,8 6,8 8,8 10,9 bolts 5,8 6,8 8,8 10,9
fub N/mm2 500 600 800 1000 αv 0,5 0,5 0,6 0,5
k1 2,5
ௗ‫כ‬௧
ଶெெ
ଶெ
EN 1993-1-8:2005 Table 3.4 fu(N/mm2) s235 360
d diameter
level 2 Top Plates

joint number 209
HD400/187-IPE500 connection
IPE 500
c
Forces kN
Ned 46,242
Vedz 125,056 ab
Vedy 0
d s235
t plate mm 10 tw IPE 500(mm) 10,2
a (mm) 10 tmin (mm) 10 Bottom Plates
b (mm) 60 a weld (mm) 5
c (mm) 320
Bolt properties HD 400/187

numbers 3
diameter 20
As 245
class 10,9
fx (kN) 15,414 fnet 59,72386 Fvrd kN 98 safe
fy (kN) 41,6853 fnet*1,2 71,66864 Fbrd kN 144 safe
∆fx (kN) 27,356
For bolted shear connections, the design

shear resistance of the bolts should be
higher than 1,2 times the design bearing EN 1998-1 :2004 6.5.5 (5)
resistance.
n (numb.of bolts) 3
dh(mm) 21
d(mm) 150
fy steel(Mpa) 235
fu steel (Mpa) 360
x1top 40
x2bottom 40
h 400
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Nmaks 46,242
Vmaks 125,056
case 1-1
Med(kNm) 18,7584 γmo 1,1
Wp(mm3) 400000 γm2 1,25
Mpl (kNm) 85,4545
case 1-1 safe
case1-2
Ver 493,372 γmo 1,1
case1-2 safe
case 2
l1 49,5 Ant 495
l2 307,5 Anv 3075
Veff, Rd 521,84
case 2 safe
case 3
l3 278
Ant 2780
Anv 990
Veff, Rd 922,75
case 3 safe
Note:
‫ܨ‬௫ ൌܰ ௗ Ȁ݊
ௗȀ݊௭
ο௫ ൌܸ ௗ
‫ܨ‬௧ ൌሺ‫ܨ‬௬ଵଶ ൅ ሺ‫ܨ‬௫ଵ ൅ ο௫ ሻଶ

݅ ‫݀݁ݎ‬
ܸ ௗ௬ ‫݊݃݅ݏ‬
n number of bolts
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
For C/19-B/26 Beam and Column connections(2);
Bolt diameter 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 27 30
As(mm2) 36 58 84 115 157 192 245 303 353 459 561

ଶெெ
ଶெ
EN 1993-1-8:2005 Table 3.4 γM2 1,25
k2 0,9
஺ೞ
ଶெெ
ଶெ
γM2 1,25
Bolt Class 5,8 6,8 8,8 10,9 bolts 5,8 6,8 8,8 10,9
fub N/mm2 500 600 800 1000 αv 0,5 0,5 0,6 0,5
ௗ‫כ‬௧ k1 2,5
ଶெெ
ଶெ
EN 1993-1-8:2005 Table 3.4 fu(N/mm2) s235 360
d diameter
level 1
joint number 38
HE300B-IPE 360 connection
Forces kN
Ned 6,27
Vedz 108,95
Vedy 0 a
s235 b
tw IPE 360 8 t angle 8 c
a (mm) 0 tmin 8 IPE 360
b (mm) 40
c (mm) 210
Bolt properties (s) Bolt properties (d)

numbers 6 numbers 6 For bolted shear connections, the design
diameter 12 diameter 12 shear resistance of the bolts should be EN 1998-1 :2004 6.5.5 (5)
As 84 As 84 higher than 1,2 times the design bearing
class 10,9 class 10,9 resistance.
Bolts in single shear
fx (kN) 1,045 fnet 18,15833 Fvrd kN 33,6 safe
fy1 (kN) 18,15833 fnet*1,2 21,79 Ftrd kN 60,48 safe
fy2 (kN) 0
Bolts in double shear

fx1 (kN) 1,045 fnet 21,45154 Fvrd kN 33,6 safe
fx2 (kN) 10,37619 fnet*1,2 25,74185 Fbrd kN 69,12 safe
fy1 (kN) 18,15833 fnet*1,2*2 51,4837
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
n (numb.of bolts) 3
dh(mm) 13 γmo 1,1
d(mm) 150 γm2 1,25
fy steel(Mpa) 235
fu steel (Mpa) 360
x1top 40
x2bottom 40
h 290

Nmaks 6,27
Vmaks 108,95
case 2
l1 33,5 Ant 268
l2 217,5 Anv 1740
Veff, Rd 291,8008
case 2 safe
case 3
l3 184
Ant 1472
Anv 536
Veff, Rd 490,0479
case 3 safe
Bolts of Angle-HE300B connection Bolts of Angle-IPE360 connection
Note:
‫ܨ‬௫ ൌ ܰ ௗ Ȁ݊ ‫ܨ‬௫ଵ ൌܰ ௗ Ȁ݊
‫ܨ‬௬ଵ ൌܸ ௗ
ௗȀ݊௭ ‫ܨ‬௫ଶ ൌܸ ௗ
ௗ*(a+b)/c/2
௭
‫ܨ‬௬ଶ ൌܸ ௗ
ௗȀ݊
௬ ‫ܨ‬௬ଵ ൌܸ ௗ
ௗȀ݊௭
‫ܨ‬௧ ൌሺ‫ܨ‬௬ଵଶ ൅ ‫ܨ‬௬ଶଶ) ‫ܨ‬௧ ൌሺ‫ܨ‬௬ଵଶ ൅ ሺ‫ܨ‬௫ଵ ൅ ‫ܨ‬௫ଶሻଶ
n number of bolts
For weld connections,weld checks are ignored. And welds are used
both sides of plate thickness of 5 mm.
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
For C/34-A/34 Beam and Column connections(1);
Bolt diameter 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 27 30
As(mm2) 36 58 84 115 157 192 245 303 353 459 561

ெଶ
EN 1993-1-8:2005 Table 3.4 γM2 1,25
k2 0,9
஺ೞ
ெଶ
γM2 1,25
Bolt Class 5,8 6,8 8,8 10,9 bolts 5,8 6,8 8,8 10,9
fub N/mm2 500 600 800 1000 αv 0,5 0,5 0,6 0,5
k1 2,5
ௗ‫כ‬௧
Bearing Resistance For Plate ‫ܨ‬௕ǡோௗൌ݇ ଵ*ܽ ௕‫݂ כ‬௨ ‫כ‬ெଶ αb 1
EN 1993-1-8:2005 Table 3.4 fu(N/mm2) s235 360
d diameter
level 2 Top Plates

joint number 204
HD360/162-IPE500 connection
c IPE 500
Forces kN
Ned 51,96
Vedz 1,4 a b
Vedy 0
d s235
t plate mm 10 tw IPE 500(mm) 10,2
a (mm) 185 tmin (mm) 10 Bottom Plates
b (mm) 50 a weld (mm) 5
c (mm) 320
Bolt properties HD 360/162

numbers 3
diameter 20
As 245
class 10,9
fx (kN) 17,32 fnet 18,35406 Fvrd kN 98 safe
fy (kN) 0,46667 fnet*1,2 22,02487 Fbrd kN 144 safe
∆fx (kN) 1,02813
For bolted shear connections, the design

shear resistance of the bolts should be
higher than 1,2 times the design bearing EN 1998-1 :2004 6.5.5 (5)
resistance.
n (numb.of bolts) 3
dh(mm) 21
d(mm) 150
fy steel(Mpa) 235
fu steel (Mpa) 360
x1top 40
x2bottom 40
h 400
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Nmaks 51,96
Vmaks 1,4
case 1-1
Med(kNm) 0,21 γmo 1,1
Wp(mm3) 400000 γm2 1,25
Mpl (kNm) 85,4545
case 1-1 safe
case1-2
Ver 493,372 γmo 1,1
case1-2 safe
case 2
l1 39,5 Ant 395
l2 307,5 Anv 3075
Veff, Rd 493,04
case 2 safe
case 3
l3 278
Ant 2780
Anv 790
Veff, Rd 898,081
case 3 safe
Note:
‫ܨ‬௫ ൌܰ ௗȀ݊
ௗȀ݊௭
ο௫ ൌܸ ௗ
‫ܨ‬௡ ൌሺ‫ܨ‬௬ଵଶ ൅ ሺ‫ܨ‬௫ଵ ൅ ο௫ ሻଶ

݅ ‫݀݁ݎ‬
ܸ ௗ ௬ ‫݊݃݅ݏ‬
௬ௗ
n number of bolts
Note:
 Circular column and IPE 270 beam connection (A/31-B/7) details are not shown. Because
design forces are smaller than the forces for connection of B/8-B/29 Beam-Beam connections.
 Circular column and IPE 360 beam connection (A/30-PL/22) or Circular column and IPE 500
beam connection (A/30-B/31) details are not shown. Because design forces are smaller than
the forces For C/32-B/13 Beam and Column connections(1);
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Calculation base plate of Terminal Station HD 400/216 column
Design seismic forces (q=1) for the column joint number 10 are presented at the table
Ned (kN)(Max/Min) Med-yy (kNm) Med-zz (kNm)

164,9/136,44 919,1 232,08
Capacity 768,4 464,4
Because of the capacity values are smaller then the forces (seismic combinations q=1); capacity
design will be used.
Enhanced capacity values;
Med-yy (kNm)=1,1x1,25x768,40=1056,55 kNm
Med-zz (kNm)=1,1x1,25x464,40=638,55 kNm
z
1056,55 kNm
638,60 kNm
164,9 kN
90 360 337,5 112,5
697,5
Figure 10.2: design forces for calculation of base plate of HD400/216 column
For y-y direction; max tensile force Tmax is equal to;
1056 ,55−0 , 9 x 136 , 4 x 0,3375

Tmax= =1455 kN,
0,6975
T1bolt=1455/4=363,75 kN
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Also max compressive force is equal to;
Dmax=1442 kN + 164,9 kN=1606,9 kN
For z-z direction; max tensile force Tmax is equal to;
638 ,60−0 , 9 x 136 , 4 x 0,3375

Tmax= =856,2 kN,
0,6975
Selected bolts for y-y direction; 4M30 (M10.9 class) (FtRD=403,9kN)
Selected bolts for z-z direction; 2M30+2M20(FtRD=176,4kN)
As 2
F tRD =k 2 f ub k2=0,9, γ m 2=1,25 f ub=10 t /cm (10.9 class)
γm 2
M y-y maximum compressive stress;
22.5
22.5
25.3
39,4
1606 , 9 2
σ maks= =0,793 kN /cm
90 x 90
4
K=0,793x25,3x22,5=451,4 kN
25,3/22,5≅ 1 → ε =1, k=4,25
M=451,4/4,25=106,21 kNcm/cm
22.5
39,4
K=0,793x39,4x22,5=703 kN
22,5/39,4≅ 0,6 → ε =0 , 66, k=7,75
M=703/7,75=90,70 kNcm/cm
Wrequired=106210,0/(21500/1.1)=5,43=t2/4→t=4,66 cm tselected=5 cm.
It is not need to calculate the plate thickness for z-z direction.
Length of Vertical Plate
Force per vertical weld;
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
1056 ,55
164,912 0,375−0,0277
z= + =781 , 15 kN
8 4
360
/ √3
f u / √3 1 ,1 f is the design shear strength of the weld.
f v .wd = = =189 N /mm2 v,wd
β w x γ m 2 0 , 8 x 1 , 25
f w , Rd=189 X 20 X 0 , 7=2646 N /mm fw,Rd is the design resistance per unit length.
Lver.plate=781150/2646=295 mm (leg length of the fillet weld s=√ 2a=20 mm) Lstiffener=295+2x20=335 mm
≅ 350mm
Mver.plate=0,793x90x90/4x(26,3-90/8)x1/2=10283 kNcm
Wrequired=12083/(23,5x1,1)=2h2/4 h=33,63cm Lselected =35 cm
Base plate details are shown figure below;
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
100 100
250
100
100
50
40
900
394 253
90
90
148
M30 10.9
262,5
243 mm
172,50
90
M20 10.9
HD 400 216
900
375
20 mm
plate thickness 20
mm
90
90
148
148
97 200 97 90
weld thickness: a=14 mm

web weld thickness=12 mm
bolts: 4M20 10.9
8M30 10.9
plates: t=20 mm
plate under column: 900.900.50
Figure 10.3: details of base plate for HD400/216 column
Terminal Station HD 400/216 column shear key detail
According to analysis results ;
Vx,max=131,63 kN, Vy=55,89 kN
Vy=41,73 kN, Vymax=174,16 kN
Selected system;
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Figure 10.4: details of shear key for HD400/216 column
Resistance of shear key;
A vs F ys 235 2
VRd= = =123 , 3 N /mm
γ m 0 √3 1, 1 x √ 3
C25 →Fcd=250/1,5=167 kg/cm2
S235 →Fu=360 N/mm2, Fy=235 N/mm2
f u/ √3
fv,wd= (design shear strength of the weld.)
β v γm 2
selected section properties:
HE 160B
Wpx=354,0 cm3 Wpy=170,0 cm3
1. Mxmax=131,63x(4+15/3)=1184,67 kNcm My=503,01 kNcm

2. Mx=41,73x(4+15/3)= 375,57kNcm Mymax=174,16x(4+15/3)=1567,44 kNcm
M x M y 118 , 47 50 , 30
1. + = + =¿0,838<2,35/1.1=2,13 t/cm2
W px W py 170 , 0 354
M x M y 37 , 55 156 , 74
2. + = + =¿0,66<2,35/1.1=2,13 t/cm2
W px W py 170 , 0 354
Compression zones
HE 160B tw=8 mm, tf=13 mm Avz=17,59 cm2
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
3
2 x 131 ,63 x 10 2 2
σ max , x = =10 ,96 N /mm <16 , 7 N /mm
150 x 160
3
2 x 174 , 16 x 10 2 2
σ max , y = =7 , 25 N /mm <16 , 7 N /mm
2 x 150 x 160
3
131 ,63 x 10 2 2
τ x= =31, 64 N /mm < 123 ,3 N /mm
2 x 13 x 160
3
174 ,16 x 10 2 2
τ y= =99 , 01 N /mm <123 , 3 N /mm
1759
Ix,weld=30458277,83 mm4
Iy,weld=12199021,5 mm4
4 4
M 1184, 67 x 10 x 80 503 ,01 x 10 x 80 2 2
σ 1= xh= + =90 ,90 N /mm <189 N /mm
I 12199021, 5 30458277 ,83
4 4
M 375 ,57 x 10 x 80 1567 , 44 x 10 x 80 2 2
σ 2= xh= + =65 ,79 N /mm < 189 N /mm
I 12199021 ,5 30458277 , 83
Shear Check for Weld
For x direction: Vx=131,63 kN

3
131 , 63 kN x 10 2 2
τ x= =26 , 02 N /mm <207 , 8 N /mm
2 x 160 x 9+ 4 x 60 ,5 x 9
For y direction: Vx=174,16 kN
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
3
174 ,16 kN x 10 2 2
τ y= =174 ,16 N /mm < 207 , 8 N /mm
2 x 100 x 5
Also for both directions;

3
55 , 89 x 10
=55 ,89 N /mm τ =√ τ x + τ y =61 ,65 N / mm
2 2 2 2 2
τ x =26 , 02 N /mm τ y =
1000
3
41 , 73 x 10 N N
τ=√ τ x + τ y =174 ,35 N /mm
2 2 2
τ x= =8 , 25 τ =174 ,16
2 y 2
2 x 160 x 9+ 4 x 60 ,5 x 9 mm mm
Combined shear and tension;
σ 2+3 τ 2=√ 90 , 902 +3 x 61 , 652=140 , 23 N /mm2 <360 N /mm2
σ 2+3 τ 2=√ 65 ,79 2+3 x 174 , 352=309,066 N /mm 2<360 N /mm2
Calculation base plate of Terminal Station circular column

284,86/244,41 2149,22 455,98
Capacity 1425,24 1425,24
Because of the capacity values are larger then the forces (seismic combinations q=1); capacity design
will be used.
Med-yy (kNm)=1,1x1,25x1425,24=1996,83 kNm
Med-zz (kNm)= 1,1x1,25x1425,24=1996,83 kNm
284,86/244,40 kN
90 510 450 150
960
Figure 10.5: design forces for calculation of base plate of Circular column
Max tensile force Tmax is equal to;
1996 , 83−0 , 9 x 244,405 x 0 , 45

Tmax= =1976,9 kN,
0 , 96
AKH – YMI DESIGN
REPORT 07.08.2015
T1bolt=1976,9/5=395,40 kN
Dmax=1946,5+284,86 kN=2231,4 kN
Selected bolts; 16 M30 (M10.9 class) (FtRD=403kN)
Check of the plate thickness under the Circular Column;
Mmax diagram(kNcm) for Circular Column (Compression Zone)
According to analysis results,
Max moment:77,70 kNcm
Plate thickness:5cm
2
1 x 5 21 , 5
M capacity = x =122 ,15 kNcm >77 , 70 kNcm
4 1,1
Mmin diagram(kNcm) for Circular Column (Tension Zone)
According to analysis results,
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Min moment:118,93 kNcm
Plate thickness:5cm
2
1 x 5 21 , 5
M capacity = x =122 ,15 kNcm >118 , 93 kNcm
4 1,1
1996 , 83
284 , 86 0 , 61−0,019
z= + =8 ,90+ 337 , 87=346 ,77 kN
32 10
360
/ √3
f u / √3 1 ,1 f is the design shear strength of the weld.
f v .wd = = =189 N /mm2 v,wd
β w x γ m 2 0 , 8 x 1 , 25
f w , Rd=189 X 10 x 0 , 7=1323 N /mm fw,Rd is the design resistance per unit length.
Lver.plate=346770/1323=262 mm (leg length of the fillet weld s=√ 2a=10 mm) Lstiffener=262+2x10=282 mm
≅ 300mm
Mver.plate=D/5x0,15=2231,4/5x0,15=66,94kNm=6694 kNcm
Wrequired=6694/(23,5x1,1)=h2/4 h=35,40 cm Lselected =35 cm
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
90 255 255 255 255 90

150 300 300 300 150
1200
1200
10
30cm
30 cm
36cm
10 cm
14 mm
5cm
4 cm
Weld thickness: a=7 mm

weld (column-plate)=14 mm
Bolts: 16M30 10.9
plates: t=10 mm
plate under the column:
1200.1200.50
Figure 10.6: details of base plate for Circular column
Terminal Station Circular column shear key detail
Vx,max=325,17 kN, Vy=39,08 kN
Vy=102,102 kN, Vymax=228,79 kN
Selected system;
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Figure 10.7: details of shear key for Circular column
A vs F ys 235 2
VRd= = =123 , 3 N /mm
γ m 0 √3 1, 1 x √ 3
C25 →Fcd=250/1,5=167 kg/cm2
S235 →Fu=360 N/mm2, Fy=235 N/mm2
f u/ √3
β v γm 2
HE 220B
Ved,x=0,18/2x0,22x1670x2=661,32 kN > 325,17 kN
Ved,y=0,18/2x0,22x1670x2=330,66 kN > 228,78 kN
Wpx=827 cm3 Wpy=393,9 cm3
1. Mxmax=325,17 tcm My=39,083 tcm (lever arm l  10cm)

2. Mx=102,10 tcm Mymax=228,79 tcm (lever arm l  10cm)
M x M y 325 , 17 39,083
1. + = + =¿0,493<2,35/1.1=2,13 t/cm2
W px W py 827 393 , 9
M x M y 102,102 228 , 78
2. + = + =¿0,703<2,35/1.1=2,13 t/cm2
W px W py 827 393 , 9
Compression zones
HE 220B tw=9,50 mm, tf=16 mm Avz=27,92 cm2
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
3
2 x 325 ,17 x 10 2 2
σ max , x = =4 ,1 N /mm <16 ,7 N /mm
2 x 220 x 180
3
2 x 228 ,79 x 10 2 2
σ max , y = =11 ,55 N /mm <16 ,7 N /mm
220 x 180
3
325 ,17 x 10 2 2
τ x= =116 , 46 N /mm <123 , 3 N /mm
2792
3
228 ,79 x 10 2 2
τ y= =32 , 50 N /mm <123 , 3 N /mm
2 x 16 x 220
Ix,weld=35133333,33 mm4
Iy,weld=88496400 mm4
4
M 3251 ,7 x 10 x 110 2 2
σ x= xh= =40 , 41 N /mm < 189 N /mm
I 88496400
4
M 2287 , 8 x 10 x 110 2 2
σ y= xh= =71 , 62 N /mm < 189 N /mm
I 35133133

3
325 ,17 kN x 10 2 2
τ x= =180 , 65 N /mm <207 , 8 N /mm
150 x 6 x 2
For y direction: Vy=228,79 kN

3
228 , 79 kN x 10 2 2
τ y= =29 ,33 N /mm < 207 , 8 N /mm
2 x 220 x 10+4 x 85 x 10
τ x =180 , 65 N /mm τ y =5 , 01 N /mm τ =√ τ x2 + τ y 2=180 ,7 N /mm2

2 2
N
τ =√ τ x +τ y =63 , 85 N /mm
2 2 2 2
τ x =56 , 72 N /mm τ y =29 , 33 2
mm
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REPORT 07.08.2015
σ 2+3 τ 2=√ 41 , 62 +3 x 180 , 72=315 , 73 N /mm2 <360 N /mm 2
σ 2+3 τ 2=√ 72, 9 2+3 x 63 ,85 2=132 , 46 N /mm2 <360 N /mm 2
Calculation base plate of Terminal Station HE 300B column

97,062 314,80 59,35
Capacity 358,83 185,86
Because of the capacity values are larger then the forces (seismic combinations q=1); forces for q=1
will be used.
Med-yy (kNm)=1,1x1,25x358,83=493,39 kNm
Med-zz (kNm)=1,1x1,25x185,86=255,55 kNm
z
314,80 kNm
59,35 kNm
97,06 kN
75 225 225 75
450
Figure 10.8: design forces for calculation of base plate of HE300B column
314 , 80−0 , 9 x 97 , 06 x 0,225

Tmax= =655,8 kN,
0 , 45
T1bolt=655,8/4=163,96 kN
Dmax=655,86 kN + 97,06 kN=752,92 kN
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REPORT 07.08.2015
59,345
Tmax= =131,87 kN.
0 , 45
Selected bolts for z-z direction; 4M22 (M10.9 class) (FtRD=218,2kN)
As 2
γm 2
M y-y maximum compressive stress;
15
15
15
30
752, 92 2
60 x 60
4
K=0,836x15x15=189 kN
25,3/22,5≅ 1 → ε =1, k=4,25
M=189/4,25=44,47 kNcm/cm
15
30
K=0,836x30x15=378 kN
15/30≅ 0,5 → ε =0 , 5, k=6,67
M=378/6,67=56,67 kNcm/cm
Wrequired=56670,0/(23500/1.1)=2,65=t2/4→t=3,25 cm tselected=4 cm.
It is not need to calculate the plate thickness for z-z direction.
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REPORT 07.08.2015
314,796
97,062 0 , 30−0,019
z= + =295 , 2 kN
8 4
360
f u /¿ √3 / √3
1 ,1 f is the design shear strength of the weld.
f v .wd = = =189 N /mm2 ¿ v,wd
β w x γ m 2 0 , 8 x 1 , 25
f w , Rd=189 X 10=1890 N /m fw,Rd is the design resistance per unit length.
Lver.plate=295200/1890=156 mm (leg length of the fillet weld s=√ 2a=20 mm) Lstiffener=156+2x10√ 2=184
mm≅ 200mm
Mver.plate=0,836x60x15/4=2835 kNcm
Wrequired=2835/(23,5x1,1)=1,5h2/4 h=18,81cm Lselected =20 cm
10 cm 10cm
20cm
20 cm
10cm
10 cm
4cm
4 cm
300
150 75
15
70
75
HE 300B
300
130
120
70
75
plates 15 mm M22 10.9

bolts : 12M22 10.9
plates: t=15 mm
plate under column: 600.600.40
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Figure 10.9: details of base plate for HE300B column
Terminal Station HE 300B column shear key detail
Vx,max=47,49 kN, Vy=18,89 kN
Vy=14,27 kN, Vymax=101,56 kN
Selected system;
Figure 10.10: details of shear key for HE300B column
A vs F ys 235 2
VRd= = =123 , 3 N /mm
γ m 0 √3 1, 1 x √ 3
C25 →Fcd=250/1,5=167 kg/cm2
S235 →Fu=360 N/mm2, Fy=235 N/mm2
f u/√3
β v γm 2
HE 120B
Wpx=152,3 cm3 Wpy=80,97 cm3
3. Mxmax=47,49x(4+10/3)=348,22 kNcm My=138,55 kNcm

4. Mx=14,27x(4+10/3)= 104,64 kNcm Mymax=744,80 kNcm
M x M y 34 ,82 13 ,85
3. + = + =¿0,513<2,35/1.1=2,13 t/cm2
W px W py 80 , 97 165 , 2
M x M y 10 , 46 74 , 48
4. + = + =¿ 0,58<2,35/1.1=2,13 t/cm2
W px W py 80 , 97 165 , 2
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Compression zones
HE 120B tw=6,50 mm, tf=11 mm Avz=10,96 cm2
3
2 x 47 , 49 x 10 2 2
σ max , x = =7 , 9 N /mm <16 , 7 N /mm
100 x 120
3
2 x 101 , 56 x 10 2 2
σ max , y = =8 , 46 N /mm <16 , 7 N /mm
2 x 100 x 120
3
47 , 49 x 10 2 2
τ x= =17 , 98 N /mm <123 , 3 N /mm
2 x 11 x 120
3
101 , 56 x 10 2 2
τ y= =92, 66 N /mm <123 ,3 N /mm
1096
Ix,weld=9554109,54 mm4
Iy,weld=3997243,83 mm4
4 4
M 348 ,22 x 10 x 60 138 , 55 x 10 x 60 2 2
σ 1= xh= + =60 , 96 N /mm <189 N /mm
I 3997243 , 83 9554109 , 54
4 4
M 104 , 64 x 10 x 60 744 , 80 x 10 x 60 2 2
σ 2= xh= + =62 , 48 N /mm <189 N /mm
I 3997243 , 83 9554109 ,54
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REPORT 07.08.2015
3
47 , 49 kN x 10 2 2
τ x= =16 ,22 N /mm <207 ,8 N /mm
2 x 120 x 7+ 4 x 44 , 5 x 7
For y direction: Vx=174,16 kN

3
101 , 56 kN x 10 2 2
τ y= =181, 36 N /mm <207 ,8 N /mm
2 x 70 x 4
τ x =16 , 22 N /mm τ y =33 , 74 N /mm τ =√ τ x2 + τ y 2=37 , 43 N /mm 2

2 2
3
14 , 27 x 10 N N
τ= √τ x + τ y =181 , 42 N /mm
2 2 2
τ x= =4 , 87 τ =181 ,36
2 y 2
2 x 120 x 7+ 4 x 44 , 5 x 7 mm mm
σ +3 τ =√ 60 , 96 +3 x 37 , 43 =89 N / mm <360 N / mm
2 2 2 2 2 2
σ 2+3 τ 2=√ 62 , 482+ 3 x 181 , 42 =320 ,38 N / mm 2< 360 N /mm2
Calculation base plate of Terminal Station 250/250/10 box column
Design seismic forces (q=1) for the column joint number 295 are presented at the table. (connection
bombo 5)

37,32 130,52 22,66
Capacity 184,69 184,69
Because of the capacity values are larger then the forces (seismic combinations q=1); forces for q=1
will be used.
Med-yy (kNm)=1,1x1,25x184,69=253,95 kNm
Med-zz (kNm)=1,1x1,25x185,86=253,95 kNm
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Figure 10.11: design forces for calculation of base plate of 250/250/10 box column
Shear resistance for M20 bolts;
FvRd =0,5x1000x245/1,25=98 kN
FbRd =2,5x1x0,36x20x30/1,25=432 kN
Tension resistance for M20 bolts;
0 , 9 x Fub x A s
FtRd = =¿0,9x1000x245/1,25=176,4 kN
1 ,25
130 ,52−0 , 9 x 37 , 32 x 0,206

Tmax= =294,3 kN,
0 , 42
T1bolt=294/3=98,1kN
Dmax=294,3 kN + 37,32 kN=331,62 kN
22 ,66
Tmax= =53,9 kN.
0 , 42
Selected bolts for z-z direction; 3M20 (M10.9 class) (FtRD=176,4kN)
As 2
γm 2
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Vedz=23,32 kN, Vedy=6,52 kN,
Shear forces due to Vedz and Vedy,
F1=23,32/3=7,77 kN
√
F2=6,52/3=2,17 kN, Fed= 7 , 772 +2 ,17 2=8,06 kN
F v, Ed F t , Ed 8 , 06 116
+ <1 , 00 → + =0 ,55<1 it is safe.
F v, Rd 1, 4 Ft , Rd 98 1, 4 x 176
Note= Welding must be applied with full penetration consistently between column and base plate.
Dmax=331,62 kN,
331, 62 2
55 x 55
4
Mmaks(edge of base plate)=0,438x13,75x8,12=48,9 kNcm/cm
Wrequired=48,9/(23,5x1,1)=t2/4 h=3cm Lselected =30 mm
KUTU KESÝT KOLON AYAK TASARIMI
full penetration butt

weld a:10 mm
10
30
40
550
250.250.10
box column
550
60
60

Selected bolts: 8M20 10.9
Base Plate: 550.550.20
Figure 10.12: details of base plate for 250/250/10 box column
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Design details for Entrance shelter
3
4
2
Figure 10.13: 3d view of entrance shelter
Detail 1 (See figure 10.14)
Design seismic forces (q=1(envelope)) for the column joint number 229 are presented at the table.
N (kN) Vedz (kN) Vedy (kN)

52,48 12,32 15,45
Selected bolts; 4 M16 10.9 FvRd (M16)=62,8 kN , FtRd (M16)=113 kN
Shear forces for a bolt due to shear forces Vedz and Vedy ,
F1=12,32/4=3,08 kN
F2=15,45/4=3,86 kN
√
FvEd= 3 , 082+ 3 , 862=4 , 95 kN
Tension forces for a bolt due to axial forces N,
FtEd=52,48/4=13,12 kN
F v, Ed F t , Ed 4 , 95 13 , 12
+ <1 , 00 → + =0 , 16<1 it is safe.
F v, Rd 1, 4 Ft , Rd 62, 8 1 , 4 x 113
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Figure 10.14: Details of entrance shelter (1)
Detail 2 (See figure 10.15, 10.16, 10.17, 10.18)
M22 (kNm) Vy (kN) Vx (kN)

18,51 11,92 4,61


Figure 10.15: Details of entrance shelter (2.1)
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Shear forces for a bolt due to moment M22;
18 , 51
Fm= 2
x 0 ,14=33 , 05 kN
4 x 0 ,14
Fmx=33,05xsin32=17,51 kN, Fmy=33,05xcos32=28,02 kN
∆Nx=1,08 kN, ∆Ny=0,71 kN
∑ F x =1, 08+17 ,51=18 ,6 kN

∑ F y =0,706+24 , 68=28 ,7 kN
F R =√ 18 , 6 2+28 , 72 =34 , 2 kN
For bolted shear connections, the design shear resistance of the bolts should be higher than 1,2 times
the design bearing resistance.
1,2XFR =1,2X34,2=41,04 kN.
dt
Selected bolt: M16 10.9 FbRd=k 1 α b F u where FbRd is bearing resistance of bolts. Where;
γm 2
α b=e1 /3 d 0 where e1=edge distance of bolts.
40
α b= =0,784
51
FbRd angle=2,5x0,784x0,36x16x9/1,25=81,28 kN>41,04 kN
FvRd (M16)=62,8 kN>41,04 kN
Tension forces;
Nmaks= 26,537 kN vertical force is equall to Nv=26,537xsin(37)=15,92 kN,
Tension force for a bolt is equall to 15,92/4=4 kN
F v, Ed F t , Ed 41 , 04 4
+ <1 , 00 → + =0 , 68<1 it is safe.
F v, Rd 1, 4 Ft , Rd 62 , 8 1 , 4 x 113
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Detail 3 (See figure 10.19, 10.20)
N (kN) Vz (kN) Vx (kN)

18,20 11,20 2,75
Design shear forces for one angle L 90 90 9 is equall to;
Fh=18,25/2=9,13 kN,
√
Fv=11,20/2=5,6 kN, FN= 5 , 62+ 9 , 132=10,71 kNx1,2=12,85kN
FvRd (M16)=62,8 kN>12,85 kN
Design tension forces for one angle L 90 90 9 is equall to;
Ft=2,75/2=1,4 kN< FtRd (M16)=113,04 kN
F v, Ed F t , Ed 12 , 85 1,4
+ <1 , 00 → + =0 , 20<1 it is safe.
F v, Rd 1, 4 Ft , Rd 62 , 8 1 , 4 x 113
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Design checks for Upe 140 section
tf=9 mm M=1,375x3,5=4,81 kNcm,
Wp=M/fy=4812/23500x1,1=0,225 cm3<Wp=0,92x9/4=1,82cm3
Weld thickness=3mm,
360
/√3
f u √3 1.1 N/mm2,
f vwd = = =189
β w γ m 2 0 , 8 x 1 ,25
360
/ √3
f u √3 1.1 N/mm,
f wRd =a =3 =3 x 189=567
β w γm 2 0 , 8 x 1 , 25
Weld 1: fh=( 140−2 x 3 √ 2 ) x 0,567 x 2=149 , 13 kN > 2 ,75 kN
Weld 2: fv=( 90−2 x 3 √ 2 ) x 0,567 x 2=92 , 43 kN >11 ,76 kN
Note:Weld checks are ignored for axial forces which has compression effect.
Due to 18,2 kN axial forces, Medge column =9,1x5,5=50 kNcm
Wpangle =9x12/4=2,25 cm3
M 50,000 2 2
σ= = =22, 22 kN /cm ≅ 23 , 5/1 ,1=21 kN /cm
W p 2 ,25
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Detail 4 Pin connection calculation for Entrance shelter (See figure 10.21)
Muerman compression strut Cataloge type 6-1320 (or similar)
Max axial force Nmax=26,537 kN<Ncapacity=45,6 kN
FvRd=0,6x2,45x100/1,25=117,6 kN>26,53 kN
FbRd=1,5x1,20x2x23,5/1,1=76,9 kN>26,53 kN
According to EN 1993-1-9:2005
Figure 10.21: details of pin connections
F ed γ mo 2d 0 26,537 x 1 , 1 2 x 2 ,1
a≥ + ≥ + =0,518+1 , 4=1 , 92 cm
2t f y 3 2 x 1 ,2 x 23 ,5 3
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REPORT 07.08.2015
F ed γ mo d 0 26,537 x 1 ,1 2 , 1
c≥ + ≥ + =1 ,22 cm
2 t f y 3 2 x 1 ,2 x 23 , 5 3
t≥0,7
√ F ed γ mo
fy
≥0,7
√
26,537 x 1 , 1
23 , 5
=0 , 78 cm< t=12mm
d 0 ≤ 2, 5 t=2 ,1 cm ≤2 , 5 x 1 , 2=3 cm
Pin connection calculation for Roof Bracing
Muerman Tension Rod Cataloge type 6-4-24 (or similar)
Max axial force Nmax=63,15 kN<Ncapacity=156 kN
FvRd=0,6x3,53x100/1,25=169,44 kN>63,15 kN
FbRd=1,5x1,50x2,4x23,5/1,1=115,36 kN>63,15 kN
According to EN 1993-1-9:2005
F ed γ mo 2d 0 63 , 15 x 1 ,1 2 x 2 ,5
a≥ + ≥ + =0 ,98+ 1, 66=2 , 65 cm
2t f y 3 2 x 1 ,5 x 23 ,5 3
F ed γ mo d 0 63 , 15 x 1 ,1 2 , 5
c≥ + ≥ + =1 , 82 cm
2 t f y 3 2 x 1 ,5 x 23 , 5 3
t≥0,7
√ F ed γ mo
fy
≥0,7
√
63 , 15 x 1 ,1
23 ,5
=1 , 20 cm<t=15 mm
d 0 ≤ 2, 5 t=2 ,5 cm ≤ 2, 5 x 1 , 5=3 , 75 cm
10.4 ROOF SLAB CALCULATIONS

Slab wire mesh calculations
Max distance between purlins lmaks=1,2 m
g=4 kN/m2 q=1 kN/m2
Design load:1,4g+1,6q=1,4x4+1,6x1=7,2kN/m2 (Turkish code TS 500)
Design load:1,35g+1,5q=1,35x4+1,5x1=6,9kN/m2 (Eurocode 2)
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Figure 11.1: moment diagrams under uniform loading for multispan beam
l=1,2m Maximum span moment;
7,2 kN/m2x1,2 m2/11=0,942 kNm/m
l=1,2m Maximum support moment;
7,2 kN/m2x1,2 m2/9=1,152 kNm/m
K=bwd2/Md=1x0,0252/1,152=54,25x10-5 ks=2,95
As=ksMd/d=2,95x1,152/0,025=131 mm2=1,31cm2
For support area;
Force arm is equal to 7,7-2,5=5,2cm
K=0,63x0,0522/1,152=147,8x10-5 ks=2,85
As=ksMd/d=2,85x1,152/0,052=63 mm2=0,63cm2 selected wire mesh is ∅ 131/131 (As=1,31 cm2)
Trapezoidal steel sheet calculations
Selected steel sheet : 27/200/0.6
g=2 kN/m2 (fresh concrete weight)
W=5,03 cm3/cm
M =σxW =1200x5,03=6036 kgcm=60,36 kgm

Mcalculated=200x1,22/9=32kgm < 60,36 kgm
Between two purlins is equal to 1,2 m; continuous steel sheets allowable load bearing capacity is 536
kg/m2 (σ allowable=1200 kg/cm2)
Trasmission of seismic forces:
1. By using self drilling bolt
For 6.0 m x6.0 m2 area
Wseismic: (4+0,3x1)x6.0x6.0=154,80 kN
Fmax=2.12x154.80/9.81x1.2x2(q)=80,29 kN (2,12= y direction maks Sd(T1))
For 6x6 m2 area, (total 5 purlins and distance between two screws (equivalent bolts) is 20 cm)
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Total number of screws (equivalent bolts) n=5x600/20=150
Seismic forces per screw (equivalent bolts) =80,29/150=0,535 kN =53,5 kg
ϕ =3 mm cross sectional area of a screw (equivalent bolts): As =5,03 mm2 /4.8 class
Fv=5,03x400x0,5x1/1,25=805 N=0,805 kN=80,5 kg
FbRd =2,5x1,0x360x3x0,6/1,25=1296 N=1,296 kN=129,6 kg
Figure 11.2: 3d view of Trapezoidal steel sheet
Bond check is negligible for X direction due to trapezoidal form
Bond force for Y direction=80290/(6x6)=2230 N/m2 = 0,2230 N/cm2 too small and ignored.
2. Additional details for increasing security
Figure 11.3: Section details of Trapezoidal steel sheet
Angle shear keys will be used.
Calculated pressure for angle;
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REPORT 07.08.2015
2 2
Pu x l Pu (6 ,0−0 , 6−0 , 8 x 0 , 4)
M u= = =12 , 90 p u
2 2
W pl x f y
M u= =6x0,62/4x23,5/1,1=11,54 kNcm
γm 0
12,90xpu=11,54 pu=0,895 kN/cm
P=puxlh=0,895x6=5,37 kN
5370 2
Concrete stress:σ = =10 ,27 N /cm
6x6
Required angle shear keys number (for purlins s= 1,2 m): n=80,29/(5x6,0x5,37)=0,5
For spacing 2 m, one angle shear key will be used.
Totally for 6x6 m2 area;15 angle shear keys will be used. 15x5,37=80,55 kN>80,29
kN.
Location of angle shear keys are presented below.
Figure 11.4: Locations of angle shear keys at the beam - trapezoidal steel sheet contact surface
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REPORT 07.08.2015
10.5 RAFT FOUNDATION CALCULATIONS

Bedding coefficient is taken kv=20000 kN/m3 and acted compression only. Also the seismic forces are
increased by taking Ω =1 and γ rd=1,4 according to Eurocode (EN1998-1-1, 4.4.2.6(8)).
Foundation and Pedestal perspective toggle view
Raft Reinforcement Calculations:
The necessary reinforcements are determined with the help of Sap2000 for the raft foundation.
The reinforcement intensity graphics are given below and the selected reinforcements are
presented in the detailed design drawings by considering the necessary reinforcement areas.
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Foundation Design top rebar area for X direction (m2/m x 10-3) – Foundation Combo 1
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Foundation Design top rebar area for Y direction (m2/m x 10-3) – Foundation Combo 1
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Foundation Design bottom rebar area for X direction (m2/m x 10-3) – Foundation Combo 1
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Foundation Design bottom rebar area for Y direction (m2/m x 10-3) – Foundation Combo 1
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Soil Bearing Capacity Check
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Foundation Design deformed shape (ENVELOPE)
Max displacement: -0,402 cm
σ < σ allowable ,σ =20000 x 0,402 x 10−2=80 , 4 kN /m2 <σ allowable=150 kN /m2
The additional checks and geotechnical design details for the bearing soil below the
foundation will be presented for each station separately in the Geotechnical Reports
of each station.
Pedestal Reinforcement Calculations
Pedestal design longitudinal rebar area
As a result of analysis, checks for pedestals under the circular columns are presented below.
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REPORT 07.08.2015
Pedestal design summary SAP2000
11 DETAILS of STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS and DESIGN
11.1 MODAL ANALYSIS RESULTS

According to analysis results, period and frequency values are shown below;
OutputCase StepType StepNum Period Frequency CircFreq Eigenvalue

Text Text Unitless Sec Cyc/sec rad/sec rad2/sec2
MODAL Mode 1 0,930381 1,0748 6,7533 45,608
MODAL Mode 2 0,804351 1,2432 7,8115 61,02
MODAL Mode 3 0,784824 1,2742 8,0059 64,094
MODAL Mode 4 0,767442 1,303 8,1872 67,03
MODAL Mode 5 0,761121 1,3139 8,2552 68,148
MODAL Mode 6 0,759503 1,3167 8,2728 68,439
MODAL Mode 7 0,662246 1,51 9,4877 90,016
MODAL Mode 8 0,580937 1,7214 10,816 116,98
MODAL Mode 9 0,579331 1,7261 10,846 117,63
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MODAL Mode 10 0,574559 1,7405 10,936 119,59
MODAL Mode 11 0,560741 1,7834 11,205 125,56
MODAL Mode 12 0,527268 1,8966 11,916 142
Mod 1 longitudinal vibration period
Mod 2 Transversal vibration period
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Mod 4 Torsional period
11.2 LOADS
Dead Loads
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1,165/2x4+0,33=2,66 kN/m
4-4 axes dead loads (G2)
1,165/2x4+0,33=2,66 kN/m
1,165x4=4,66 kN/m
5-5 axes dead loads (G2)
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REPORT 07.08.2015
1,165/2x4+0,33=2,66 kN/m
A-A axes dead loads (G2)
Q Live Loads
≅
1,165/2=0,59 1kN/m
4-4 axes live loads (Q)
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REPORT 07.08.2015
≅
1,165/2x1=0,59 1kN/m
1,165x1=1,16kN/m
5-5 axes live loads (Q)
≅
1,165/2=0,59 1kN/m
A-A axes live loads (Q)
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EX seismic loads
A-A axes Seismic loads (EX)
B-B axes Seismic loads (EX)
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C-C axes Seismic loads (EX)
D-D axes Seismic loads (EX)
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E-E axes Seismic loads (EX)
EY seismic loads
1-1 axes Seismic loads (EY)
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EXP seismic loads
3D Seismic loads (EXP)
3D Seismic loads (-EXP)
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EYP seismic loads
3D Seismic loads (EYP)
3D Seismic loads (-EYP)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
T+ Temperature loads
3-3 axes temperature loads (T+)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Wind loads WX
A-A axes Wind loads (WX)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
B-B axes Wind loads (WX)
C-C axes Wind loads (WX)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
D-D axes Wind loads (WX)
Wind loads WY
1-1 axes Wind loads (WY)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
11.3 FRAME FORCES (M,V,N)
3-3 axes Flexural Moment (ULS Combinations)
3-3 axes Shear Forces (ULS Combinations)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
3-3 axes Axial Forces (ULS Combinations)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
3-3 axes Flexural Moment (Temperature load Combinations)
3-3 axes Shear Forces (Temperature load Combinations)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
3-3 axes Axial Forces (Temperature load Combinations)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
3-3 axes Flexural Moment (Seismic load Combinations)
3-3 axes Shear Forces (Seismic load Combinations)
3-3 axes Axial Forces (Seismic load Combinations)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
11.4 DEMAND - CAPACITY RATIOS OF ELEMENTS
Design check of frames according to SAP 2000
1-1 axes steel design (EC3-2005)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
B-B axes steel design (EC3-2005)
C-C axes steel design (EC3-2005)
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
beam steel design (EC3-2005)
column steel design (EC3-2005)
As a result of analysis most unfavorable beam and column’s controls will be shown.
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Most unfavorable beam IPE 270 steel check;
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Most unfavorable beam IPE 500 steel check;
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
Most unfavorable column HD400/216 steel check;
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
11.5 DESIGN SUMMARY TABLES
Design Ratio
Frame DesignSect Status Ratio Combo Location ErrMsg WarnMsg
Type Type
Text Text Text Text Unitless Text Text cm Text Text
No No No
1 HE300B Column 0,579406 PMM UDSTL16 0
Messages Messages Messages
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
HD400 No No No
4 Column 0,854579 PMM UDSTL18 0
/216 Messages Messages Messages
No No No
20 HD400.187 Column 0,848919 PMM UDSTL16 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
HD400 No No No
5 Column 0,790829 PMM UDSTL17 0
21 HD400.187 Column No 0,818296 PMM UDSTL15 0 No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
31 24"19,1 Column 0,796938 PMM UDSTL16 0
No No No
32 24"19,1 Column 0,788544 PMM UDSTL15 0
No No No
33 24"19,1 Column 0,830334 PMM UDSTL16 0
No No No
34 24"19,1 Column 0,824093 PMM UDSTL15 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
242 HD400.187 Column 0,133276 PMM TCOMB3 0
HD400 No No No
239 Column 0,130805 PMM TCOMB4 0
HD400 No No No
240 Column 0,133447 PMM TCOMB4 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
414 24"19,1 Column 0,111149 PMM UDSTL17 0
No No No
415 24"19,1 Column 0,110438 PMM UDSTL18 0
No No No
412 24"19,1 Column 0,112092 PMM UDSTL17 0
No No No
413 24"19,1 Column 0,113667 PMM UDSTL18 0
No Major No No
213 IPE360 Brace 0,154749 TCOMB1 20,013
Messages Shear Messages Messages
No Major No No
221 IPE360 Brace 0,154742 TCOMB1 0
No No No
49 IPE360 Brace 0,301387 PMM TCOMB1 116,035
77 IPE360 Brace No 0,461049 PMM TCOMB1 116,035 No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
157 IPE360 Brace 0,473742 PMM TCOMB2 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No Major No No
214 IPE360 Brace 0,304096 TCOMB1 20,013
No Major No No
222 IPE360 Brace 0,304087 TCOMB1 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
65 IPE270 Beam 0,839631 PMM TCOMB1 300
No No No
No No No
No No No
201 IPE270 Beam No 0,53436 PMM TCOMB1 300 No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No Major No No
215 IPE360 Brace 0,309538 TCOMB1 20,013
No Major No No
223 IPE360 Brace 0,309522 TCOMB1 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No Major No No
216 IPE360 Brace 0,21517 TCOMB1 20,013
No Major No No
224 IPE360 Brace 0,215127 TCOMB1 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
217 IPE360 Brace No 0,21517 Major TCOMB1 20,013 No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No Major No No
225 IPE360 Brace 0,215127 TCOMB1 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No Major No No
218 IPE360 Brace 0,309538 TCOMB1 20,013
No Major No No
226 IPE360 Brace 0,309522 TCOMB1 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No Major No No
219 IPE360 Brace 0,304096 TCOMB1 20,013
No Major No No
227 IPE360 Brace 0,304087 TCOMB1 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No Major No No
220 IPE360 Brace 0,154749 TCOMB1 20,013
No Major No No
228 IPE360 Brace 0,154742 TCOMB1 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
425 IPE500 Brace No 0,564605 PMM TCOMB1 0 No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
314 IPE360 Brace No 0,865777 PMM TCOMB1 120,035 No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
333 IPE270 Beam 0,036335 PMM UDSTL18 90,667
No No No
No No No
No No No
334 IPE270 Beam 0,036607 PMM UDSTL18 45,333
D=60,3 No No No
246 Brace 0,147809 PMM TCOMB2 104,654
t=3mm Messages Messages Messages
D=60,3 No No No
245 Brace 0,148276 PMM TCOMB2 104,654
D=60,3 No No No
247 Brace 0,178704 PMM TCOMB1 106,182
No No No
233 2L90/14/9 Beam 0,520183 PMM TCOMB1 110
D=60,3 No No No
249 Brace 0,241941 PMM TCOMB2 107,901
No No No
234 2L90/14/9 Beam 0,51921 PMM TCOMB1 110
D=60,3 No No No
250 Brace 0,24195 PMM TCOMB2 107,901
D=60,3 No No No
248 Brace 0,178988 PMM TCOMB1 106,182
No No No
458 IPE500 Brace 0,076661 PMM UDSTL17 60,021
No No No
464 IPE500 Brace 0,067994 PMM UDSTL17 0
No No No
470 250/250/10 Column 0,444611 PMM UDSTL15 0
No No No
472 250/250/10 Column 0,465467 PMM UDSTL15 0
474 250/250/10 Column No 0,471618 PMM UDSTL15 0 No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
476 250/250/10 Column 0,480602 PMM UDSTL15 0
No No No
478 250/250/10 Column 0,484484 PMM UDSTL15 0
No No No
480 250/250/10 Column 0,454701 PMM UDSTL15 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No Major No No
510 IPE500 Column 0,014979 UDSTL16 0
No No No
512 250/250/10 Column 0,122963 PMM TCOMB1 0
No No No
514 250/250/10 Column 0,12834 PMM TCOMB1 0
No No No
516 250/250/10 Column 0,128108 PMM TCOMB1 0
No No No
518 250/250/10 Column 0,122661 PMM TCOMB1 0
No No No
520 250/250/10 Column 0,108092 PMM UDSTL15 0
No No No
522 250/250/10 Column 0,130496 PMM UDSTL16 0
236 2L90/14/9 Beam No 0,257887 PMM TCOMB1 110 No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
238 2L90/14/9 Beam 0,258009 PMM TCOMB1 110
No No No
229 2L90/14/9 Beam 0,528169 PMM TCOMB1 110
No No No
231 2L90/14/9 Beam 0,53043 PMM TCOMB1 110
D219,1 No No No
235 Beam 0,087943 PMM UDSTL15 195
D219,1 No No No
237 Beam 0,078943 PMM UDSTL15 460
D219,1 No No No
335 Beam 0,059011 PMM UDSTL16 0
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
539 IPE270 Beam 0,276233 PMM TCOMB1 92,8
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
574 IPE270 Beam 0,499134 PMM UDSTL15 120
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
No No No
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
11.6 JOINT NUMBER DATA
4.58 level joint numbers
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
11.7 FRAME NUMBER DATA
4.58 level frame numbers
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015
AKH – YMI DESIGN

REPORT 07.08.2015

Akh Ymi DD ST50X D Ce Rep 1001 0

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ERC

AWASH – KOMBOLCHA – HARA GEBAYA

TYPICAL TERMINAL STATION STRUCTU

AWASH – KOMBOLCHA – HARA GEBAYA

ETHIOPIAN RAILWAYS CORPORATION (ERC)

AKH – YMI DESIGN

Edited by A. Karasu YM Structural Engineer

Checked by B. Zeybek YM Structural Engineer

Approved by Z. Uygun YM Deputy GM, Design

Approved by A. Kılıç YM Project Manager

AKH – YMI DESIGN

6 SEISMIC LOAD CALCULATIONS............................................................................................... 11

8 LOAD COMBINATIONS ACCORDING TO EUROCODE............................................................13

9 SECTION PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEM...............................................................15

10 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS and DESIGN................................................................................18

10.1 SPECIFICATIONS USED FOR STEEL STRUCTURE DESIGN..........................................18

11 DETAILS of STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS and DESIGN...........................................................81

11.1 MODAL ANALYSIS RESULTS............................................................................................. 81

AKH – YMI DESIGN

Figure 1.1: Terminal Stations 3d Analysis Model

AKH – YMI DESIGN

Figure 1.2: Terminal Stations Foundation Formwork Plan

AKH – YMI DESIGN

 EN 1990:2002 - Eurocode - Basis of structural design

 EN 1991-1-1:2002 - Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-1: General actions -

 EN 1991-1-4:2005 - Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions - Wind

 EN 1991-1-5:2003 - Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-5: General actions - Thermal

 EN 1993-1-8:2005 - Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-8: Design of joints

 EN 1997-1:2004 - Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design - Part 1: General rules

 EN 1998-1:2004 - Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance – Part 1:

 EN 1998-1:2004 - Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance – Part 5:

 ESCP-1:1983 Ethiopian Standart Code of Practice for Loading – Wind actions

 EBCS-1:1995 EthiopianBuilding Standart- Basis of Design and Actions on Structures

Dead loads (Roof Level) - G2

Live loads (Roof Level) - Q

AKH – YMI DESIGN

Wall weights (Hollow Concrete Block)

AKH – YMI DESIGN

Figure 4.1: Material properties

 γ c =1.50 for persistent and transient situations

4.2 REINFORCING STEEL

AKH – YMI DESIGN

4.3 STRUCTURAL STEEL

The structural steel will be of the following classes:

 Structural steel in plates:

t <40 mm S235J0 → fy=235 Mpa

t ≥ 40 mm S235J0 → fy=215 Mpa

t <40 mm S460N→ fy=460 Mpa

Ground Type S TB(S) TC(S) TD(S)

a g=0 ,20 × g=0 , 20 ×9 , 81=1,962

The vibration period of direction Y: T(y)=0,80 sec

AKH – YMI DESIGN

AKH – YMI DESIGN

6 SEISMIC LOAD CALCULATIONS

W g 1=815 kN W g 2=3556 kN +2100 kN (wall weight)W q =934 kN

W tot =815+3556+2100+ 0 ,3 × 934=6751 kN

Base shear force is calculated;

F b=Sd (T 1)× m× λ (EUROCODE 8 4.5 )

λ=correlation factor∧is taken1

AKH – YMI DESIGN

Wg : Wind load acting along the buildings

0,8 Plan of building, “c” coefficients