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STRAIGHT LINES
SYNOPSIS Two non vertical lines are perpendicular if
product of their slopes is –1
Inclination of a line: W.E-1: The medians AD and BE of the triangle
If a line makes an angle 0 with with vertices A(0,b), B(0,0) and C(a,0) are
x-axis measured in positive direction then is mutually perpendicular if
called inclination of the line.
2b b
i) Inclination of horizontal line is zero Sol: AD BE a a 1
ii) Inclination of vertical line is / 2
Slope of a line: 2b 2 a 2
If the inclination of a non vertical line is then If is an angle between two nonvertical lines
tan is called slope of the line and is usually having slopes m1 , m2 then
denoted by m, thus m tan m1 m2
tan , m1m2 1
1 m1m2
Y
m1 m2
i) If is acute then tan
1 m1m2
ii) If is one angle between two lines then the
other angle is . Usually the acute angle
O X
between two lines is taken as the angle
between the lines
i) Slope of horizontal line (x-axis) is zero
Intercept(s) of a line:
0
0
If a line cuts x-axis at A(a, 0) and y-axis at
ii) Slope of vertical line (y-axis) is not defined B(0,b) then a and b are called x-intercept and
90 0 y-intercept of that line respectively
i) Intercept of a line may be positive or negative
iii) 00 m 0 or zero
00 900 m 0 ii) x-intercept of a horizontal line is not defined
900 m is not defined iii) y-intercept of a vertical line is not defined
iv) Intercepts of a line passing through origin
900 1800 m 0 are zero.
Slope of the line joining two points A( x1 , y1 ) , Equation of a straight line in
y2 y1 various forms:
B x2 , y 2 is m x1 x2 i) Line parallel to x-axis: Equation of
x2 x1
horizontal line passing through (a,b) is y = a
i) If x1=x2 then the line AB is vertical and ii) Line parallel to y-axis: Equation of
hence its slope is not defined vertical line passing through (a, b) is x = b
ii) If y1=y2 then the line AB is horizontal and iii) Slope - point form :The equation of
hence its slope is 0 the line with slope m and passing through the
Two nonvertical lines are parallel if their slopes point x1 , y1 is y– y1= m (x – x1)
are equal.
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STRAIGHT LINES JEE MAINS - VOL - V
W.E-2: If (3,-1),(2,4),(-5,7) are the mid points of the W.E-4: Equation to the straight line cutting off an
intercept 2 from negative y axis and inclined
sides BC , CA , AB of triangle ABC. at 30º to the positive direction of axis of x, is
Sol : Equation of line passing through (0,-2) and
Then the equation of the side CA is
1
Sol : Here m = – 1 and given point (x1 , y1) is (2, 4). having slope is 3y x 2 3 0
By point slope form equation of the line is 3
y – 4 = – 1 (x - 2)
vi) Intercept Form :Suppose a line L
makes intercept on x-axis is a and on y-
iv) Two - point form :The equation of a
line passing through two points x y
axis is b then its equation is 1
a b
A( x1 , y1 ) and B x2 , y2 is a) If the portion of the line intercepted
y y1 x2 x1 x x1 y2 y1 between the axes is divided by the point
(x1, y1) in the ratio m : n, then the equation
x y 1 nx my
x y1 1 0 of the line is x y m n
(or) 1 1 1
x2 y2 1 mx ny
(or) mn
x1 y1
W.E-3: Equation of the diagonal (through the
origin) of the quadrilateral formed by the
b) Equation of the line whose intercept between
lines x = 0, y = 0, x + y = 1 and 6x + y = 3 is
the axes is bisected at the point (x1, y1) is
2 3 x y
2
Sol : Here x1 , y1 0, 0 , x2 , y2 , x1 y1
5 5 c) Equation of the line making equal intercepts
Using two-point form, the equation of the line is
on the axes and through the point (xo, yo) is
3x -2 y = 0
x + y = xo + yo
v) Slope - Intercept form :
d) Equation of the line making equal
a) The equation of the line whose slope is m
intercepts in magnitude but opposite in sign and
and which cuts an intercept ‘c’ on the y-axis is
passing through (xo,yo) is x – y = xo – yo
y = mx+c
e) The equation of the line passing through the
Y point (x1, y1) and whose intercepts are in the
L ratio m : n is nx+my=nx1+my1 (or)
mx+ny=mx1+ny1
0, c W.E-5: The sum of x,y intercepts made by the lines
X x+y=a, x+y=ar, x+y=ar2 ...... on coordinate
O
axes when r=1/2, a 0
Sol: required sum
2
= 2a 2ar 2ar ...... infinite G.P
b) The equation of the line whose slope is m
= 2a/1-r = 4a
and which cuts an intercept ‘a’ on the x-axis is vii) General equation of line :
a) A linear equation in x and y always
y = m(x - a)
represents a line.
c) The equation of the line passing through b) The equation of a line in general form is
a x + b y + c = 0 , where a , b , c are real
the origin and having slope m is y=mx
numbers such that a 2 b 2 0 having
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P x1 r cos , y1 r sin
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Hence B= x1 r cos , y1 r sin =(4,5) Position of a point (s) w.r.to line (s):
C= x1 r cos , y1 r sin =(0,3) i) The ratio in which the line
L ax by c 0 divides the line segment
Distances:
i) The perpendicular distance to the line joining A x1, y1 and B x2 , y2 is L11 : L22
ax by c 0 where
c L11 ax1 by1 c, L22 ax2 by2 c
(a) from origin is ii) The points A , B lie on the same side or
a2 b2
opposite side of the line L = 0 according as
ax1 by1 c L11 , L22 have same sign or opposite sign that
(b) from the point x1 , y1 is 2 2
a b is L11. L22 0 or L11. L22 0
ii) The distance of a point x1 , y1 from the line W.E-9: The range of in the interval (0, ) such
L axby c 0 measured along a line making that the points (3, 5) and (sin , cos ) lie on
the same side of the line x + y – 1 = 0 is
ax1 by1 c
an angle with x-axis is Sol : Since 3 5 1 sin cos 1 0
a cos b sin
iii) The distance between parallel lines 1
sin
ax by c1 0 and ax by c2 0 is 4 2
3
c1 c2
. 4 4 4
a2 b2
iv) The distance between the parallel lines 0
2
ax+by+c1=0 and ax + by + c2 = 0 measured
along the line having inclination is iii) A point A x1, y1 and origin lies on the same
c1 c 2 or opposite side of a line L ax by c 0
a cos b sin
according as c.L11 0 or c.L11 0
v) The equation of a line parallel and lying
midway between the above two lines is iv) The point x1 , y1 lies between the parallel
c c lines ax1 by1 c 0, ax2 by2 c 0 or
ax by 1 2 0
2
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
(ax1 by1 c) L( x 1 , y1 ) y1
i.e. > 0, i.e. >0
b b Equation of AP is y 0 x x 0
1
BD x2 y1 x1 y2 x1 y2 x2 y1
L ax by c 0
N DC x3 y1 x1 y3 x3 y1 x1 y3
Hence, P(x1, y1) lies above the line BD CE AF
. . 1
L( x 1 , y1 ) DC EA FB
ax + by + c = 0, and if < 0, it would
b Manelaw's Theorem :
mean that P lies below the line ax + by + c = 0. If a transversal cuts the sides BC, CA, AB of a
If P x1 , y1 lie between the parallel lines triangle in D, E, F respectively then
BD CE AF
ax by c1 0, ax by c2 0 then . . 1
DC EA FB
ax1 by1 c1 ax1 by1 c2 0 . Proof: Let the transversal be ax+by+c=0. the line
divides BC at D then
If P x1 , y1 does not lie between the
parallel lines BD ax2 by2 c
ax by c1 0, ax by c2 0 then DC ax3 by3 c
ax1 by1 c1 ax1 by1 c2 0 Hence
BD CE AF
. . 1
DC EA FB
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STRAIGHT LINES JEE MAINS - VOL - V
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i) The ratio of the sides of a triangle formed by vi) If p1 , p2 are distances between parallel
L1 0, L2 0 and L3 0 is sides and ' ' is angle between adjacent sides
a2 b2 a3 b3 a b p1 p2
a12 b12 : a22 b22 : a32 b32 1 1 of parallelogram then its area is
sin
a3 b3 a1 b1 a2 b2
vii) Area of parallelogram whose sides
ii) Let d1 be the distance between the
parallel lines ax by c1 0 , ae1rax b1y c1 0, a1x b1y c2 0, a2x b2 y d1 0
and a2 x b2 y d 2 0 is
ax by c2 0 and d 2 be the distance
between the parallel lines a1x b1 y k1 0 , c1 c2 d1 d 2
a1b2 a2b1
a1x b1 y k 2 0 then the figure formed by
four lines is 1
viii) Area of rhombus = d d where d1,d2
a) a square if d1=d2 and aa1 bb1 0 , 2 1 2
are
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STRAIGHT LINES JEE MAINS - VOL - V
lengths of the diagonals iv) Image of ( a , b ) w.r.to x + y = 0 is b, a
W.E-13: The triangle formed by the lines v) If B is image of A w.r.to P then 2P = A + B
x-7y-22=0, 3x+4y+9=0, 7x+y-54=0 is
So: by using vi) Reflection of f x, y 0 in x-axis is
a2 b2 a3 b3 a1 b1 f x, y 0
a12 b12 : a22 b22 : a32 b32
a3 b3 a1 b1 a2 b2
vii) Reflection of f x, y 0 in y-axis is
we get 1: 2 :1 hence the triangle is right
angled isosceles. f x, y 0
W.E-14: If the distance of any point P(x, y) from
viii) Reflection of f x, y 0 in x = y is
the origin is defined as d(x, y) = Max.
|x|, |y| and d(x, y) = a (non zero f y, x 0
constant), then the locus of the P is ix) Image of the line ax+by+c = 0 w.r.t line
lx+my+n =0 (or) the straight line lx+my+n=0
Sol: d(x, y) = Max. |x|, |y| .....(i)
bisects an angle between the two lines of which
But d(x, y) = a ..... (ii) one of them is ax+by+c=0 then equation of other
From (i) and (ii), line is
a = Max. |x|, |y| l 2
m 2 ax by c =2(al+bm) (lx+my+n)
If |x| > |y|, then a = |x| x = ± a W.E-15 : In ABC A is (1,2) if the internal angle
If |y| > |x|, then a = |y| y = ± a bisector of B is 2x-y+10=0 and
perpendicular bisector of AC is y=x then
Hence locus of P represents a square. the equation of BC is
Foot and Image: Sol: Image of A w.r.to bisector of B is (-7,6) lies on
i) If h, k is the foot of the perpendicular from BC and image of A in the perpendicular bisector
of AC is C(2,1)
x1, y1 to the line ax by c 0 then
equation of BC is 5x+9y-19=0
h x1 k y1 ax1 by1 c
or Centroid, circumcentre,
a b a 2 b2
h, k = x1 a, y1 b where orthocentre and incentre:
i) Let A x1 , y1 , B x2 , y2 , C x3 , y3 be
ax1 by1 c
vertices of ABC then,
a 2 b2
ii) If h, k is the image (reflection ) of the point a) Equation of altitude through A is
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
x1 4 1
x1 sin2A x2 sin2B x3 sin2C y1 sin2A y2 sin2B y3 sin2C 4 x1 7
, 3
sin2Asin2Bsin2C sin2Asin2Bsin2C
Since B(x1, y1) lies on x + y = 5
ii) The equations of the sides BC,CAandAB of
y1 = 5 – x1 = 5 – 7 = –2 B is (7, –2),
the triangle ABC formed by the lines
Li a i x bi y ci 0 (i=1,2,3) then
a) Orthocentre is point of intersection of
A 1, 2
a2a3 b2b3 L1 a3a1 bb
3 1 L2 aa 1 2 L3
1 2 bb
b) Median through A is 2 L2 3 L3 0
G(4, 1)
Hence centroid satisfies 2 L2 3 L3 1 L1
iii) If H is orthocentre of triangle ABC, then
orthocentre of triangle formed by any three of
the points H,A,B,C will be the remaining point. B x1 , y1 C 4, y
iv) Circumcentre is equidistant from the vertices
of triangle y1 y 2
Also 1 y 3 2 y1
3
v) If G is the centroid, H is the orthocentre and
C is (4, 3)
S is the circumcentre then
Angular bisectors of two straight lines:
a) The relation between them is 3G = 2S + H. Angular bisector is the locus of a point which
b) H 3G when S 0, 0 moves in such a way so that its distance from
vi) Incentre is equidistant from all sides of the two intersecting lines remains same.
traingle. The equations of the two bisectors of the angles
vii) In a triangle ABC,
between the lines a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 and
a) The internal bisector of angle A, ie. AD di-
vides opposite side BC at D in the ratio AB:AC a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 are
b) The external bisector of angle A, ie. AD di- a 1x b1 y c1 a 2 x b2 y c2
vides opposite side BC at D in the ratio -AB:AC 2 2 =±
a b
1 1 a 22 b 22
viii) If the algebraic sum of the perpendicular
distances from three points to a variable line is
zero, then the line passes through the centroid
of the triangle formed by the three points. Q
M
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STRAIGHT LINES JEE MAINS - VOL - V
i) If the two given lines are not perpendicular i.e. according as a1a2 + b1b2 is negative or positive.
a 1 a 2 + b 1 b 2 ¹ 0 and not parallel i.e. v) The equation of the bisector of the angle
a1 b2 ¹ a2b1 then one of these equations is the which contains a given point :
equation of the bisector of the acute angle
The equation of the bisector of the angle
between two given lines and the other that of
between the two lines containing the point
the obtuse angle between two given lines.
ii) Whether both given lines are perpendicular a 1x b1 y c1 a 2 x b2 y c2
or not, but the angular bisectors of these lines
x1 , y1 is 2 2
=
a b
1 1 a 22 b 22
will always be mutually perpendicular.
a 1x b1 y c1 a 2 x b2 y c2
iii) The bisectors of the acute and the obtuse or 2 2
=–
a b
1 1 a 22 b 22
angles:
according as a1x1 + b1y1 + c1 and a2x1 + b2y1 +
Take one of the lines and let its slope be m1 and
c2 are of the same signs or of opposite signs.
take one of the bisectors and let its slope be m2.
vi) For example the equation of the bisector of
If be the acute angle between them, then find
the angle containing the origin is given by
m1 m 2
tan = a 1x b1 y c1 a 2 x b2 y c2
1 m1m 2
=+ for same
C a 12 b12 a 22 b 22
sign of c1 and c2 (for opposite sign take –ve
N
sign in place of +ve sign)
A
vii) If c1c2 (a1a2 + b1b2) < 0, then the origin will
P x, y
lie in the acute angle and if
M
B c1c2 (a1a2 + b1b2) > 0, then origin will lie in the
obtuse angle.
If tan > 1 then the bisector taken is the bisector viii) Equation of straight lines passing through
of the obtuse angle and the other one will be the P(x1, y1) and equally inclined with the lines
bisector of the acute angle. a1x + b1y + c1= 0 and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 are
If 0 < tan < 1 then the bisector taken is the those which are parallel to the bisectors
bisector of the acute angle and the other one between these two lines and passing through
will be the bisector of the obtuse angles. the point P.
iv) consider the lines are a1 x + b1y + c1 = 0 W.E-17 :
and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0, where c1 0, c2 0
For the straight lines 4x + 3y – 6 = 0 and
then,
5x + 12y + 9 = 0, find the equation of the -
a 1x b1 y c1 a 2x b2 y c2
(i) Bisector of the obtuse angle between them
a 12 b12 a 22 b 22
is
will represent the equation of the bisector of the
ii) Bisector of the acute angle between them
acute or obtuse angle between the lines
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
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on height h of the traingle and radius r of the If the perpendicular bisectors of sides
circle AB , AC are perpendicular then
i) BAC is 900
a) If h = r, no. of right angled traingles = 2
ii) point of intersection of the perpendicular
b) If h < r, no. of right angled traingles = 4 bisectors is mid point of BC
c) If h > r, no. of right angled traingles = 0 Proof :
No. of circles touching three lines A
0
a) No circle if the lines are parallel 90
cuts them
d) 4 circles if the lines are not concurrent and
no two of them are parallel. For an equilateral ABC , ex-centres I1 , I 2
W.E-19: Let A= (1,2), B= (3,4) and C=(x,y) be a and I 3 are images of A,B and C w.r.t.
point such that(x–1) (x–3)+(y–2)(y–4)=0. If
BC , CA & AB respectively
area of ABC=1 then maximum number
Proof : BAC , B I 1C are similar triangles.
of positions of C in the xy plane is
I1 is image of A w.r.t. BC
Sol: Ends of diameter are A= (1,2), B= (3,4)
Area of the triangle is equal to 1 A
1 1
2
2 2 h =1 h
2
300300
AB 5
radius = B 600 60
0
C
2 2 600
600
ABC
In a right angled triangle, the sum of the
Proof : From diagram,D BHD, D BTDare congruent
lengths of the legs is equal to the sum of
triangles T is image of H w.r.t. BC the diameters of the inscribed and the
circumscribed circles.
A
Proof : c =2R ( R is circum radius )
In-radius = r = ( s-c ) tan C/2
2r a b c 2 R 2r a b
H
0
90 -c D c
B 0
90 -c c C
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
Let P be a point of BC ,
B
Let h1 , h 2 are r distances from P to
1
AB, AC area of ABP, 1 AB h1
2
1
a c area of ACP, 2 AC h2
2
2 2 2 1
h1 h2 1 2 . AC h
b AC AC AC 2
C A
h1 h2 h ( h is altitude from B to AC )
If the sides BC , CA and AB of a triangle sum of the distances is equal to the length
ABC are divided by the points D,E,F in of altitude drawn to a lateral side of the
the same ratio, then the centroids of triangle.
ABC, DEF are coincide.
The line in the family of lines L1 L2 0
Proof : Let the points D,E,F divides BC , CA and which is at maximum distance from a point
AB in the ratio of 1 : respectively.. P is perpendicular to PA , where A is point
x x3 y2 y3 concurrence of the family of lines.
D 2 , ,
1 1
x x1 y3 y1 C.U.Q
E 3 ,
1 1
1. The straight line through A(a,b) intersects
x x2 y1 y2
F 1 , the line through B(c,d) at ‘P’ at right angles.
1 1
The locus of P is
Centroid of D E F = Centroid of ABC
1) (x–a)(x–c)+(y–b)(y–d)=0
x1 x2 x3 y1 y2 y3
= , 2) (x–a)(x–c)-(y–b)(y–d)=0
3 3
3) (x–b)(x–d)+(y–a)(y–d)=0
In an isosceles triangle the sum of the
distances from any point of the base to the 4) (x–b)(x–d)+(y–a)(y–c)=0
lateral sides is constant. 2. If ax+by+c=0 is parallel to x-axis then
Proof :
which of the following is defined
A 2 2 2 2 2
4b c
2 2
a c b c ac
1) 2 2
2) 2
3) 4)
c b a abc a
3. The straightline ax by c 0 a, b, c 0
will pass through the first quadrant and cut
the positive x-axis, if
h1 h2 1) ac 0, bc 0 2) ac 0, bc 0
B C 3) ac 0 and / or bc 0
P
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STRAIGHT LINES JEE MAINS - VOL - V
3) c < 0 4) a, b 0, c 0 then m + kl = 0, k R is
5. The straight line passing through P(x1,y1)
1) a straight line different from m and l
and making an angle with x-axis
intersects Ax+By+C=0 in Q then PQ= 2) not a straight line
Ax1 By1 C Ax1 By1 C 10. If a and b are the intercepts made by the
3) 4) 2 2 2 2 straight line on the coordinate axes such
A cos B sin A cos B sin 1 1 1
that then the line passes through
6. If a+b+c 0, ax+by+c=0 bx+cy+a=0, a b c
point
cx+ay+b=0 are concurrent then
a
2 2
b
2
c 1 1 c c
= 1) (1,1) 2) (c,c) 3) , 4) ,
ab bc ca c c a a
1) 1/2 2) 2 3) 1 4) 0 11. The orthocentre of the triangle formed by
the points A a cos , a sin
7. The lines
B a cos , a sin C a cos , a sin is
(a+b-2c)x+(b+c-2a)y+(c+a-2b)=0,
(b+c-2a)x+(c+a-2b)y+(a+b-2c)=0 and 1) (cos +cos +cos , sin +sin +sin )
(c+a-2b)x+(a+b-2c)y+(b+c-2a)=0 where 2) a cos cos cos , a sin sin sin
a,b,c,real numbers
3. a cos sin sin , a sin cos cos
1) Form an equilateral triangle
4. (cos cos cos , sin sin sin )
2) Concurrent
12. (a, b), (c, d), (e, f) are the vertices of an
3) Form a right angled triangle
equilateral triangle. Then the orthocentre
4) Form an isosceles triangle
of the triangle is
8. If the lines
adf bce
p1x q1 y 1, p2 x q2 y 1and p3 x q3 y 1 1) ,
3 3
be concurrent, then the points ace bdf
2) ,
p1 , q1 , p2 , q2 and p3 , q3 , 3 3
1) are collinear acf bde
3) ,
3 3
2) form an equilateral triangle
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
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equal intercept on the axes then the value 1) lie on L
of k is 2) lie on same side of L
1) 1/ 3 2) 3/ 4 3) 1/ 2 4) 2 / 3 3) lie on opposite sides of L
Normal form and symmetric form: 4) equidistant from L
9. The equation of set of lines which are at a 17. The vertices of a triangle are O(0.0),
constant distance 2 units from the origin is B(-3,-1),C(-1,-3). The equation of the line
1) x+y+2=0 parallel to BC and intersecting the sides
2) x+y+4=0 OB and OC whose perpendicular distance
3) xcos + ysin = 2 from O is 1/2 is
4) xcos + ysin = ½ 1) x + y = 1 / 2 2) x + y = -1/ 2
10. The slope of a straight line through A(3,2) 3) x + y = -1/2 4) x + y = 1/2
is 3/4 then the coordinates of the two points
Point of intersection of lines and
on the line that are 5 units away from A are Concurrency of Lines :
1) (-7,5) (1,-1) 2) (7,5) (-1,-1)
18. If the lines ax+by+c = 0, bx+cy+a = 0 and
3) (6,9) (-2,4) 4) (7,3) (-2,1)
cx+ay+b=0 a b c are concurrent then
Problems on distances:
11. The length of the perpendicular from the the point of concurrency is
point (0,0) to the straight line passing 1) (0,0) 2) (1,1) 3) (2,2) 4) (-1,-1)
through P(1,2) such that P bisects the 19. If the lines 3x+2y-5=0, 2x-5y+3=0,
intercepted part between axes 5x+by+c=0 are concurrent then b+c =
1) 7 2) -5 3) 6 4) 9
1) 5 2)4 3) 4 / 5 4) 5 / 4
20. The lines (p-q) x + (q-r) y + (r-p) = 0
12. Radius of the circle touching the lines (q-r) x + (r-p) y + (p-q) = 0
3x+4y-14=0, 6x+8y+7=0 is (EAM- 2011)
(r-p) x + (p-q) y + (q-r) = 0
7 7 7 1) Form an equilaterial triangle
1) 7 2) 3) 4)
2 4 6 2) Form an Isosceles triangle
13. The distance between the parallel lines 3) are Concurrent
2
given by x 7 y 4 2 x 7 y 42 0 4) Form a right angled triangle
21. If 2 is a root of ax2+bx+c=0 then point of
is (EAM- 2012)
1)1 2)5 3)6 4)2 concurrence of lines ax+2by+3c=0 is
14. Equation of the straight line parallel to 1) (12,3) 2) (4,2) 3) (1,2) 4) (2, 3)
x+2y-5=0 and at the same distance from 22. For all values of ‘a’ the set of straight lines
(3,2) is (3a+1) x - (2a+3) y + 9-a=0 passes through
1) x+2y-8=0 2) x+2y+9=0
the point
3) x+2y-9=0 4) x+2y-7=0
15. If the straight line drawn through the point 1) (3, 4) 2) (4,2) 3) (3,3) 4) (1,2)
23. Equation of the line passing through the
P
3, 2 making an angle
6
with x-axis point of intersection of the lines 2x+3y-
1=0,
meets the line 3 x-4y+8=0 at Q. Then PQ 3x+4y-6=0 and perpendicular to 5x-2y-7=0
is
is ( EAM- 2009)
1) 4 2) 5 3) 6 4) 9
1) 2x+5y-19=0 2) 2x+5y+17=0
Position of a point (s) w.r.t. line (s):
3) 2x+5y-16=0 4) 2x+5y-22=0
16. If the line 3x+4y-8=0 is denoted by L, then Angle between lines:
the points (2,-5),(-5,2)
24. If 2 x 3 y 4 0 & x ky 2 0 are
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5 2 3
a2 b2 a b a b 1) 2. 3. 4.
26.
2
a b
1
2
1 : a b 3 3 : a32 b32 1 1
2
2
2
2
3 6 3 4
a3 b3 a1 b1 a2 b2
2. If the straight line (3x+4y+5)+k(x+2y-3)=0
is parallel to x-axis then the value of k is
c2
27. 1) 1 2) -3 3) 4 4) 2
2 ab
3. Number of straight lines passing through
28. The line perpendicular to given line is (1, 3),(7, -3),(5, -1),(6, -2) is
1) 2 2) 4c2 3) 4p2 4) 4c4.
k2
4x 3y k 0 6 Slope-intercept form,slope-point
24
form and two-point form:
p2
29. Area where p is height of 4. The equation of the horizontal line passing
3
30. Adjacent sides are perpendicular and distance through the point (4,-7) is
between parallel sides are not equal.
1) y-7=0 2) y+7=0 3) y-4=0 4) y+4=0
31. Given equation of the diagonals of a
parallelogram are at right angle. Hence it is a 5. The equation of the straight line making
rhombus. an intercept of 3 units on the y-axis and
32. Mid point becuase OA OB
33. Apply foot of the perpendicular formula inclined at 450 to the x-axis is
34. Line equation y =2 Image with respect to x- 1) y = x-1 2) y= x+3
axex is y =-2
35. Image of (0,0) in line is (1,1) 3) y = 45x + 3 4) y = x+45
2 2 Intercepts and intercept form:
image circle is x 1 y 1 1
6. Equation of the line having intercepts a,b
36. The image of (x1,y1) w.r.to(x,y) is on the axes such that a+b=5 and ab =
(2x-x1,2y-y1) 21
is
37. apply given condition 4
38. Algebric sum of the distances from the three 1) 3x+2y=6 2) 2x+3y=6
non collinear points to variable line is zero then 3) 14x+6y=21 4) x+4y=4
the line passing through centroid of the triangle 7. x intercept of the line parallel to 4x+7y=9
formed by this points. and passing through (2,3) is
39. AB BC 25 17 29 29
40. Given lines form a right angle triangle 1) 2) 3) 4)
4 4 4 7
41. Hypotenous is diameter 8. A straight line meet the axes in A and B
42. (0,0) is equidistance from sides such that the centroid of triangle OAB is
(a,a). Then the equation of the line AB is
LEVEL - I (H.W)
1) x+y=a 2) x-y=3a
Slope of a line: 3) x+y=2a 4) x+y=3a
Normal form and symmetric form:
1
1. If the slope of a line is then its 9. Equation of the line on which the length of
3
the perpendicular from origin is 5 and the
inclination is angle which this perpendicular makes with
the x axis is 60O
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units from the origin and its inclination is x cos y sin p then the equation of
135O. The intercepts of the line on the co- the 2nd line is
ordinate axes are 1) xcos + ysin + p1 + 2p = 0
1) 5, 5 2) 2, 2 2) xcos + ysin = 2p1 - p
3) 5 2, 5 2 4) 5 / 2, 5 / 2 3) xcos + ysin = 0
11. Angles made with the x - axis by two lines 4) xcos + ysin + p1 - 2p = 0
drawn through the point (1, 2) and cutting 17. The ratio in which the line 3x+4y+2=0
2 divides the distance between 3x+4y+5=0
the line x + y = 4 at a distance from and 3x+4y-5=0 is
3
1) 7 : 3 2) 3 : 7 3) 2 : 3 4) 3 : 4
the point (1,2) are
18. The equations of the lines parallel to
3
1) and 2) and 4x + 3y + 2 = 0 and at a distance of ‘4’ units
6 3 8 8 from it are
5 1. 4x + 3y +22 = 0, 4x + 3y – 20 = 0
3) and 4) and
12 12 4 2 2. 4x + 3y + 22 = 0, 4x + 3y – 18 = 0
Problems on distances: 3. 4x + 3y – 18 = 0, 4x + 3y – 20 = 0
12. Perpendicular distance from the origin to 4. 4x – 3y – 18 = 0, 4x + 3y – 20 = 0
the line joining the points (acos ,asin ) Position of a point (s) w.r.t. line (s):
(acos ,asin ) is 19. The range of for which the points
3 2
1) 2a cos ( - ) 2) a cos , 2 and , lie on opposite
2
2
sides of the line 2 x 3 y 6 0
3) 4a cos
2
4) a cos
2
1) , 2 2) 0,1
13. One side of an equilateral triangle is 3) , 2 0,1 4) ,1 2,
3x+4y=7 and its vertex is (1,2). Then the 20. If P 1 t ,2 t
be any point on
length of the side of the triangle is 2 2
a line then the range of values of t for
4 3 3 3 8 3 4 3 which the point P lies between the
1) 2) 3) 4)
17 16 15 15 parallel lines x 2 y 1 and 2 x 4 y 15
14. Equation of the line through the point of
is
intersection of the lines 3x+2y+4=0 and
2x+5y-1=0 whose distance from (2,-1) is 2. 4 2 5 2 4 2 5 2
1) t 2) t
1) 2x-y+5=0 2) 4x+3y+5=0 5 6 3 6
3) x+2=0 4) 3x+y+5=0 4 2 5 2
3) t 4) t
15. If p,q denote the lengths of the perpendicu 3 6
lars from the origin on the lines 21. A point which lies between 2x+3y–7=0 and
x sec y cos ec a and 2x+3y+12=0 is
1) (5, 1) 2) (-1, 3) 3) (3, -5) 4) (7, -1)
x cos y sin a cos 2 then ( Eam 2013) 22. A line L cuts the sides AB, BC of ABC in
1) 4p2 q2 a2 2) p 2 q 2 a 2 the ratio 2 : 5, 7 : 4 respectively. Then the
3) p 2 2q 2 a 2 4) 4 p 2 q 2 2a 2 line L cuts CA in the ratio
16. The distance between two parallel lines is 1) 7 : 10 2) 7 : –10 3) 10 : 7 4) 10 : –7
Point of intersection of lines and
p1-p equation of one line is
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2. 23x + 7y = 9, 7x – 23y = 52 3 2 3 2
3) , 4) ,
3. 23x – 7y = 9, 7x + 23y = 53 5 5 13 13
4. 22x – 8y = 9, 22x + 8y = 52 43. The reflection of y= x w.r.t. y-axis is
Triangles and area of the triangle:
35. Area of triangle formed by angle bisectors 1) y = - x 2) y = x
of coordinate axes and the line x=6 in 3) y = - 4) x = y
x
sq.units is
1) 36 2) 18 3) 72 4) 9 44. The points (-1, 1) and (1, -1) are symmetri
cal about the line
36. The quadratic equation whose roots are the
x and y intercepts of the line passing 1) y + x = 0 2) y = x
through (1,1) and making a traingle of area 3) x + y =1 4) x – y = 1
A with the co -ordinate axes is 45. The equation of perpendicular bisectors of
sides AB,BC of ABC are x-y-5=0,
1) x 2 Ax 2 A 0 2) x 2 2 Ax 2 A 0
x+2y=0
3) x 2 Ax 2 A 0 4) ( x - A)(x+A) = 0
respectively and A(1,-2) then coordinate
37. A
line passing
through (3,4) meets the axes of C are
OX and OY at A and B respectively. The 1) (1,0) 2) (0,1) 3) (5,0) 4) (0,0)
minimum area of the triangle OAB in
square units is Centroid, circumcentre,
1) 8 2) 16 3) 24 4) 32 orthocentre and incentre:
Quadrilaterals and area of the 46. If one vertex of an equilateral triangle is
quadrilaterals: the origin and side opposite to it has the
38. The figure formed by the straight lines equation x+y=1, then the orthocentre of the
triangle is
3 x + y = 0, 3y + x = 0, 3x + y = 1,
1 1 2 2
3y + x = 1 is 1) , 2) , 3)(1,1) 4)(1,3)
3 3 3 3
1) a rectangle 2) a square
47. If the circum centre of the triangle lies at
3) a rhombus 4) parallelogram
(0,0) and centroid is middle point of
39. Let the base of a triangle lie along the line
x = a and be of length a. The area of this a 2
1, a 2 1 and (2a,-2a) then the
triangle is a2, if the vertex lies on the line orthocentre lies on
1) x + a = 0 2) x = 0 2 2
1) a 1 x a 1 y 0
3) 2x – a = 0 4) x – a = 0
2 2
2) a 1 x a 1 y 0
40. The area bounded by y x 1 , y x 1
2 2
1) 1 2) 2 3) 2 2 4) 4 3) a 1 x a 1 y 56 0
2 2
41. The area enclosed by 2 x 3 y 6 is 4) a 1 x a 1 y 56 0
1) 3 sq. units 2) 4 sq. units 48. The orthocentre of the triangle formed by
3) 12 sq. units 4) 24 sq. units the lines x+y=1, 2x+3y=6 and 4x-y+9=0
Foot and Image: lies in quadrant number
1) 1st 2) IInd 3) IIIrd 4) IVth
42. The point on the line 3 x 2 y 1 which is
49. If the straight lines 2x+3y-1=0, x +2y-1=0
closest to the origin is and ax + by –1 = 0 form a triangle with
3 2 5 2 origin as orthocentre, then (a,b) is giveny
1) , 2) , by
13 13 11 11
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18. m tan
ax by c d a 2 b 2 0 34. By using
1 m tan
19. Points lie on opposite sides of the line
required slopes are 23/7,-7/23
L11 L22 0
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7 1) y–3=–(2 3 )(x–2)
7
1) y – x = 2) y x 2) y–3=( 2 1)(x–2)
4 4
1 3 3) y–3=( 3 1)(x–2)
3) y x 4) y x
4 4 4) y-3=( 5 1)(x–2)
25. If a,b,c in GP then the line a2x+b2y +ac=0 33. Two equal sides of an isosceles triangle are
given by the equations 7x–y+3=0 and
always passes through the fixed point
x+y–3=0. The slope of the third side is
1) (0, 1) 2) (1, 0) 3) (0, -1) 4) (1, -1) 1
1 1 1
26. If U x+y-2 =0, V 2x-3y+1=0, the point 1) 3, 2) 3, 3) 3, 4) 3,
3 3 3 3
of intersection of the lines 50U+7V=0, 34. Let there are two lines 2x 3y 0 and
3U+11V=0 is x 3y 1 0 . If the origin lies in the obtuse
angle then
1) (0,0) 2) (1,0) 3) (0,1) 4) (1,1)
27. The straight lines x+2y-9=0, 3x+5y-5=0 and
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STRAIGHT LINES JEE MAINS - VOL - V
1)
9
2) 2 0 Foot and Image:
2
42. Foot of the perpendicular of 6,8 in the
9 line x y is
3) 0 4) None of these
2 1) (6,6) 2) (7,7) 3) (–6,–6) 4) (–7,–7)
Triangles,area of the triangle: 43. P is the midpoint of the part of the line
3x+y-2=0 intercepted between the axes.
35. The area of the triangle formed by the axes
Then the image of P in origin is
and the line (cosh - sinh ) x+ (cosh +
1 1
sinh ) y=2 in square units is 1) 1, 3 2) , 4
3
1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1 1
3) 3 , 1 4) (-2, -3)
36. The equation to the base of an equilateral
triangle is
3 1 x
3 1 y 2 3 0 44. The image of the point P (3,5) with respect
to the line y = x is the point Q and the image
and opposite vertex is A(1,1) then the Area
of Q with respect to the line y = 0 is the
of the triangle is point R (a,b), then (a, b)=
1) 3 2 2) 3 3 3) 2 3 4) 4 3 1) (5,3) 2) (5,-3)
37. Equation of the line on which the 3) (-5,3) 4) (-5,-3)
perpendicular from the origin makes an 45.. The equation of perpendicular bisector ofr
AB and AC of a triangle ABC are x-y-5=0
angle of 30o with X-axis and which forms a
50 and x+2y=0 respectively. If A=(1,-2) then the
triangle of area with the axes is
3 equation of BC is
1) 2 x 2y 9 2) 2 x 3y 9 1) 14x+2y-41=0 2) 11x+2y-25=0
3) 3 x y 10 4) 3 x y 10 3) 2x-y-10=0 4) 14x-23y+40=0
Quadrilaterals and area of the Centroid, circumcentre,
quadrilaterals: orthocentre and incentre:
38. The point (2,3) is reflected four times about 46. Let O (0, 0), P (3, 4), Q (6, 0) be the vertices
co-ordinate axes continuously starting with of the triangle OPQ.The point R inside the
x-axis. The area of quadrilateral formed in triangles OPQ is such that the traingles
sq.units is OPR,PQR. OQR are of equal area. The
1) 24 2) 6 3) 12 4) 5 coordinates of R are
39. Area of the quadrilateral formed by the
4 2
lines 4y 3x a 0 , 3y 4x a 0 , 1) ,3 2) 3,
3 3
4y 3x3a 0, 3y 4x 2a 0 is
4 4 2
a2 a2 2a 2 2a 2 3) 3, 4) ,
1) 2) 3) 4) 3 3 3
5 7 7 9
47. If the circumcentre of the triangle lies at
40. Two sides of a rectangle are 3x+4y+5-0, (0,0) and centroid is mid point of the line
4x-3y+15=0 and its one vertex is (0,0). Then joining the points (2,3) and (4,7),then its
the area of the rectangle is orthocentre lies onthe line
1) 4 2) 3 3) 2 4) 1 1)5x-3y=0 2)5x-3y+6=0
41. The area enclosed with in the curve |x|+|y|=1 3)5x+3y=0 4)5x+3y+6=0
is 48. The orthocentre of the triangle formed by
the lines x+y=6, 2x+y=4 and x+2y=5 is
1) 1 2) 2 3) 2 2 4) 4
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26) 4 27) 2 28) 1 29)2 30) 1 16. Centre lies on a line parallel to given lines and
31) 2 32) 1 33) 1 34) 3 35) 3 mid way between them
36) 3 37) 4 38) 1 39) 3 40) 2
ax1 by1 c 1
41) 2 42) 2 43) 3 44) 2 45) 2 17. where tan
46) 3 47) 1 48) 4 49) 2 50) 4 a cos b sin 2
51) 4 52) 1 53) 3 54) 1 55) 1 18. verification
56) 3 57) 3 58) 1 59) 3 60) 2 19. verification
61) 2 62) 3 63) 3 20. From the figure
LEVEL-II (H.W)-HINTS 1 a 1 i.e. | a | 1.
3 2 k Y
1. tan
4 1 k
2. Slope of the parllel lines are equal B
3. A 6, 0 B 0, 4 perpendicular bisector of C
O X
A
3
AB is y 2 x 3 D
2
4. Equation of the line is y t1 t2 2at1 t1 t2
21. since L0 0 we have LA 0
= 2 x 2at12
22. From figure 0 < ordinate of P<1
5. by solving AB,BD we get B(-5/3, 4/3) 23. Point (2t+1,3t+2) lies on x+y=8
by solving AD,BD we get D(2/3, -7/3) 24. Lines can be written
mid point of B.D lies on AC
6. a 8, b 6 4 3 1
x y 1 y 0 , 4x 3y 1 y 0
7. sum of the intercepts of the line 2x+3y+k=0 b b b
is 15.
3
k k Lines are concurrent at 4 ,1
15
2 3
3
a b Required line is y 1 1 x 4
8. , 1, 2
2 2
nx my 25. Given equation is a 2 x b 2 y 1 0
9. mn
x1 y1 26. Point of intersection of u & v
10. The line makes an angle with x-axis then its 1 2 9
perpendicular makes an angle 900 3 5 5 0
27.
11. Point (–2,1) slope = 3 a b 1
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
asame line.
m m2
30. tan 1 48. Use formula given in synopsis
1 m1m2
49. AD BC
a1a2 b1b2
cos 2 1
31. 1
a b12 a22 b22
2
1 3 1 2
m tan or 2 4
32. apply
1 m tan 6 6 .
m1 m m2 m 50. Choose C ,
33. Apply 1 m m 1 m m
1 2
6 6
G x1 , y 1 ,
34. Origin will lie in obtuse angle if cc aa bb 0 3 3
3 x1 6 , 3 y 1 6
2 3 3 0 2 9 0
Substance , lies on L=0
9
9 2 02 0, 51. given triangle is right angled at origin
2
52. Angular bisector
c2 53. Using formula given in synopsis
35.
2 ab 54. Verify angular bisector formula
36. Area of an equilateral triangle is 55. x1 , y1 4,5
9 7
h2 Slope of angle of bisector are ,
where h is the height of the triangle 7 9
3 56. required bisector is perpendicular to given and
37. Equation of the line is xcos300+ysin300 =P passes through (1,2)
38. A 2,3 B 2,3 C 2 3 D 2, 3 57. Write the image of 8,3 in X-axis and write
39. The area of the parallelogram formed by the lines
the equation through that point and 14,0
a1x + b1y + c1 = 0, a2x + b2 y + d1=0, a1x + b1y
+ c 2 = 0, a 2 x + b 2 y + d 2 = 0 is 58. Image of P in x-axis is P1 1, 1 , R is
c1 c2 d1 d 2 intersection of x-axis and line QP1
Sq.units.
a1b 2 a 2 b1 59. Area 70 m 11n 337
40. The perpendicular distance from orign lines are median slope 5 5m n 107
a,b. Then area = ab 60. Two lines are parallel
41. From the diagram required area 61. Required point p x1 , y1 lies on given line
4 area of 2 then 3 x1 4 y1 5 and
PA=PB x1 y1 5
42. Use foot of the perpendicular formula
62. Draw the diagram and observe the points
1 1,1 , 1, 2 , 2,1 , 2, 2 , 1,3 and 3,1 are
43. Midpoint of intercepts is ,1
3 inside of quadrilateral.
44. Image of P(3,5) w. r to the line
63. From given data x y 5 hence required
y = x is Q(5,3)
45. B,C are images of A w.r.to given lines 2 5
2
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LEVEL-III y 3 x k is
1) 5 / 2 2) 5 / 2 k 3) 10 4) 5
1. The line 3x-2y = 24 meets x-axis at A and
7. One of the diagonals of a square is the
y-axis at B. The perpendicular bisector of
x y
AB meets the line through (0, -1) and portion of the line 2 intercepted
2 3
parallel to x-axis at C. Then C is between the axes. Then the extremities
7 15 of the other diagonal are
1) , 1 2) , 1 1) 5,5 , 1,1 2) 0, 0 , 4, 6
2 2
3) 0, 0 , 1,1 4) 5,5 , 4, 6
11 13
3) 2 , 1 4) 2 , 1 8. If the line y 3 x cuts the curve
2. A square of side " a " lies above the x-axis x 3 y 3 3xy 5 x 2 3 y 2 4 x 5 y 1 0
at the points A,B,C then OA.OB.OC is
and has one vertex at the origin. The side
4
passing through the origin makes an angle 1)
13
3 3 1
2) 3 3 1
2
where 0 with the positive 7
4 3) 4) 3 3 1
3
direction of x - axis. The equation of its
9. Each side of a square is of length 4. The
diagonal not passing through the origin is centre of the square is (3, 7) and one of its
1) y cos sin x(cos sin ) a diagonals is parallel to y=x. Then
co-ordinates of its vertices are
2) y cos sin x(sin cos ) a 1) (1,5), (1,9), (5,9), (5,5)
3) y cos sin x(sin cos ) a 2) (2,5), (2,7), (4,7), (4,4)
3) (2,5), (2,6), (3,5), (3,6)
4) y cos sin x(cos sin ) a 4) (5,2), (6,2), (5,3), (6,3)
3. A particle is moving in a straight line and at 10. If the line y 3 x 3 0 cuts the curve
some moment it occupied the positions (5,2)
and (-1,-2). Then the position of the particle y 2 x 2 at A and B and point on the
when it is on x-axis is
1) (-2, 0) 2) (0, 2) 3) (2, 0) 4) (4, 0) line P is
3, 0 then P A .P B
sect each other in the first quadrant then 31. One vertex of an equilateral triangle is (2,3)
and the equation of one side is x-y+5=0 then
the set of all possible values of a is the in-
the equations to the other sides are
terval [ AIEEE-2011]
1) 0, 2) 1, 3) 1, 4) 1,1
1) y-3 = 2 3 (x-2)
24. Let a , b ,c and d be non zero numbers . If 2) y-3 =
2 1 (x-2)
the point of intersection of the lines 3) y-3 = 3 1 (x-2)
4ax 2ay c 0 and 5bx 2by d 0 lies
4) y-3 = 5 1 (x-2)
in the fourth quadrant and is equidistance
32. Let P (2, -4) and Q (3, 1) be two given points.
from the two axes then (MAINS 2014)
Let R (x, y) be a point such that ( x-2) (x-3)
1) 2bc 3ad 0 2) 2bc 3ad 0 13
3) 3bc 2ad 0 4) 3bc 2ad 0 + (y-1) (y+4) = 0. If area of PQR is ,
2
25. If the lines x+ay+a=0, bx+y+b=0, then the number of possible positions of R
cx+cy+1=0 (a, b, c being distinct and 1) are
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 6
are concurrent then the value of
33. If the base of an isosceles triangle is of
a b c
= length 2P and the length of the altitude
a 1 b 1 c 1
dropped to the base is q, then the distance
1) -1 2) 0 3) 1 4) 3
from the mid point of the base to the side
26. If 4a 9b c 12ab 0 then the
2 2 2
of the triangle is
family of straight lines ax by c 0 is
pq 2 pq
concurrent at 1) 2)
1) (2,3) or (-2,-3) 2) (2,-3) or (-2,6)
2
p q 2
p2 q2
3)(-2,-4) or (-2,3) 4) (2,5) or (-1,-5)
3 pq 4 pq
27. If a2 – b2 – c2 – 2bc =0, then the family of 3) 2 2 4)
lines ax + by + c =0 are concurrent at the p q p2 q2
points 34. If m1 and m2 are the roots of the equation
1) (1, –1) 2) (–1, 1) 3)(1, 0) 4)(–1, –1) x 2 ax a 1 0 , then the area of the
28. If t1 t2 t3 and the lines t1x+y=2at1+at31; triangle formed by the three straight lines
t2x + y = 2at2 + at23; t3x + y= 2at3 + at33 are y m1 x, y m2 x and y a a 1 is
concurrent then t1 + t2 + t3 is
1. 0 2. -1 3.1 4. 2 a 2 a 2
1) if a 1
29. Consider the family of lines 2 a 1
x y 1 2 x 3 y 5 0 and a 2 a 2
2) if a 1
3x 2 y 4 x 2 y 6 0 , 2 a 1
equation of a straight line that belongs to a 2 a 2
both the families is 3) if 2 a 1
2 a 1
1) x 2 y 8 0 2) x 2 y 8 0
3) 2 x y 8 0 4) 2 x y 8 0 a2 a 2
4) if a 2
30. If a,b and c are three consecutive odd 2 a 1
integers then the variable line ax+by+c=0 35. The equation of a straight line L is x+y=2,
always passes through and L1 is another straight line perpendicular
1) (2 1) 2) (1 2) 3) (-1 2) 4) (1 -2) to L and passes through the piont (1/2, 0),
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then area of the triangle formed by the y- by the equation (2cos + 3 sin )x +
axis and the lines L, L1 is (3cos - 5sin ) y - (5cos - 2sin ) = 0
passes through a fixed point then the
25 25 25 25
1) 2) 3) 4) reflection of that point with respect to the
8 16 4 12
line x+y = 2 is
36. In an isosceles triangle OAB, O is the origin
and OA = OB = 6. The equation of the side 1) 2 1, 2 1 2) 2 1, 2 1
AB is x-y+1=0. Then the area of the triangle
is 3) 3 1, 3 1 4) 3 1, 3 1
44. The conbined equation of straight lines
14271
1) 2 21 2) 142 3) 4) that can be obtained by reflecting the
2 2
37. An equilateral triangle is constructed lines y x 2 in the y-axis is
between two parallel lines 3x y 6 0 1) y 2 x 2 4 x 4 0
and 3 x y 9 0 with base on one and
vertex on the other. Then the area of tri- 2) y 2 x 2 4 x 4 0
angle is
3) y 2 x 2 4 x 4 0
200 225 225 200
1) 2) 3) 4) 4) y 2 x 2 4 x 4 0
3 4 3 3 4 3
38. Area of triangle formed by the lines
2x + y – 3 = 0, x + 4y – 5 = 0 and 45. In ABC, B=(0, 0), AB=2, ABC and
3
3x + 5y – 1 = 0 is
the middle point of BC has the co-ordinates
1) 15/2 2) 49/2 3) 27/56 4) 7/2
(2, 0). Then the centroid of triangle is
39. If f ( x y ) f ( x ) f ( y ) for all x and y if
5 1 5 1
f (1) 2, then area enclosed 1) , 2) 3 ,
3 3 3
by 3 | x | 2 | y | 8 is
5 1 5 1
1) f (5) sq.units 2) f (6) sq.units 3) , 4) ,
3 3 3 3
3) 1/ 3 f (6) sq.units 4) f (4) sq.units
46. In triangle ABC, co-ordinates of A are
40. Four sides of a quadrilateral are given by
the equation xy x 2 y 3 0 , then 1,3 and equation of medians and
the equation of the line parallel to altitude through point B are 2 x y 8
x 4 y 0 that divides the quadrilateral and 2 x 3 y 8 respectively, then
into two equal parts is
1) coordinates of C are (4,0)
1) x 4 y 5 0 2) x 4 y 5 0
3) x 4 y 1 0 4) x 4 y 1 0 2) coordinates of C are (3,9)
41. L1 and L2 are two intersecting lines and the 3) coordinates of C are (3,3)
angle between the image of L1 w.r.t L2 and 4) coordinates of centroid are (2,2)
that of L 2 w.r.t.L 1 is 45 o. Then the angle
47. The sides of a triangle are x+y=1, 7y = x
between L1 and L2 is
1) 20o 2) 15o 3) 45o 4) 60o and 3 y + x = 0. Then the following is an
42. L1 and L2 are two intersecting lines. If the interior point of the traingle
image of L 1 w.r.t. L 2 and that of L 2 1) Circumcentre 2) Centroid
w.r.t.L1concide, then the angle between L1
3) Orthocentre 4) Cannot say
and L2 is
1) 35o 2) 60o 3) 90o 4) 45o 48. If the equations of the sides of a trinagle are
43. For all values of all the lines represented 2x + y = 2, y = x, 3 y x 0 then which of
the following is an exterior point of triangle.
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1) orthocentre 2) incentre 54. Origin is the centre of the square with one
3) centroid 4) Cannot say of its vertices at (3,4) then the other vertices
are
49. One vertex of the equilateral triangle with
1) (-3, 4), (-3, -4), (3, -4)
centroid at the origin and one side as 2) (-4, 3), (-3, -4), (4, -3)
x+y-2=0 is 3) (-4, 3), (-4, -3), (3, -4)
1) 2, 2 2) 2, 2 3) 2, 2 4) 2, 2 4) (3, 4), (-4, -3), (4, -3)
55. One side of a rectangle lies along the line
50. A ray of light is sent along the line
4x+7y+5=0. Two vertices are (-3,1), (1,1)
x–2y–3=0. On reaching the line then the remaining vertices are
3x–2y–5=0, the ray is reflected from it. 1 47 131 , 177
The equation of the line containing the 1) , ,
65 65 65 65
the reflected ray.
1 47 131 , 177
1) 29 x 2 y 31 0 2) 29 x 2 y 31 0 2) ,
65 65 65 65
3) 29 x 2 y 31 0 4) 29 x 2 y 31 0
1 47 131 , 177
51. A light ray coming along the line 3) ,
65 65 65 65
3 x 4 y 5 gets reflected from the line 4) (1, -47), (131, 47)
ax by 1 and goes along the line
56. All points lying inside the triangle formed
5 x 2 y 10 . Then,
by the points (1,3), (5,0), (-1,2) satisfy
64 112 14 8
1) a , b 2) a , b 1) 2x + y – 13 = 0 2) 3x + 2y 0
115 15 15 115
64 8 64 14 3) 3x – 4y – 12 0 4) 4x + y = 0
3) a , b 4) a , b
115 115 15 15
57. If one vertex of an equilateral triangle of side
52. If x1 , y1 are roots of x2 8x 20 0, x2 , y2
a lies at the origin and the other lies on the
are the roots of 4 x 2 32 x 57 0 and
line x 3y 0 , the coordinates of the
x3 , y3 are the roots of
third vertex are
9 x 2 72 x 112 0, then the points
1) (0, –a) 2) (a, 0)
x1 , y1 , x2 , y2 and x3 , y3 where xi yi
a 3 a a 3 a
, ,
3) 4)
for i =1,2,3
1) are collinear 2 2 2 2
2) form an equilateral triangle 58. let AB be a line segment of length 4 units
3) form a right angled isosceles triangle with the point A on the line y=2x and B on
4) are concyclic the line y=x. Then the locus of middle point
of all such line segment is
53. Triangle is formed by the coordinates (0,
1) a parabola 2) an ellipse
0), 3) a hyperbola 4) a circle
(0, 21) and (21, 0). The number of integral LEVEL-III - KEY
coordinates strictly inside triangle (integral
1) 1 2) 1 3) 3 4) 2 5) 4
coordinates has both x and y as integers) :
6) 4 7) 1 8) 1 9) 1 10) 3
1) 190 2) 105 3) 231 4) 205 11) 4 12) 2 13) 2 14) 1 15) 4
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
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h1 0, h2 0, h3 0
Y ( as h1 , h2 , h3 are non-negative )
r 7r similarly, we get
B ,
2 2 k1 k 2 k3 4 5 3
1
r 7r 6
A , k1 k2 k3 0
5 2 5 2
15. Hence line is 2 x y 0
450
X 4 10
O now
5 5
Now, mAB 1/ 2 4 10
6 or 14 B
12. Slope of AB 1
16. Substitute the given point. Find 'b' and equate
r AB 2 2 , 1050 the slopes to find 'c' and apply distance between
parallel lines.
D x1 r cos , y1 r sin 4 3, 3 1
17. Find ratio point and substitute in the line.
D x
y
C 2
B(5, 2) x
y
18. P a2 , a 4
0
450 15
450
O A(3, 0) But a 2 0 , hence point P a 2 , a lies in first
quadrant.
a2 a2
We have a 0 and a 0
13. Distance from (8,9) to line y 2 m( x 1) is 4 2
7 m0 ( 1, 0 and P lies on same side of x 2 y 0
14. Let the eqution of variable line be
and 1, 0 and P lies opposite sides of x 4y 0 )
ax by c 0 , it is given that
6 0 a and a , 0 2,
axi byi c
0 a 2, 4
i 1 a 2 b2 19. D 0 b 2 4 0 2 b 2 but b 0
xi yi 0b2
a 6 b 6 c 0
ie., b 0, 2
xi yi 20. Draw the diagram
So, the fixed point must be , . But
6 6 21. Clearly point of intersection of L1 and L2 , is
fixed point is 2,1 so (0,k) which lies on y - axis.
2 3 7 h1 h2 h3 / 6 2 22.
h1 h2 h3 0
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
m 1
Y tan 600 ;
4 y x 14 0 1 m m 2 3
7 32. PQR is right angle triangle
0,
2 radius = altitude
33. Consider B p,0 C p,0 A 0, q
y 3x 2 0 5
0, 3y-2x-5=C
3 34. Since m1 , m2 are the roots of the
O (0,0)
X x 2 ax a 1 0, so
5 2 (0, -2)
, 0 , 0 m1 m2 a; m1m2 a 1
2 3
2 2
m1 m2 m1 m2 4 m1m2
5 7
from the figure, it is clear that
3 2 a 2 4 a 1 a 2
2
1 a a a 1
23. Point of intersection = , so the required area is
1 a a 1
2
since x>0, y>0 we have a+1>0 and a a 1
a a 2
as a 0 , a a 1 we get a>0 thus a 2 1 2 a 1
or a 1
since area is positive quantity, so we get two
24. Point k , k satisfies both lines then
answers
c d 35. Find the area of the triangle formed by the lines
c 2ak , d 3bk
2a 3b x y 2 , 2x 2 y 1 , x 0
1 a a 36. Let D is the mid point of AB
b 1 b 0 1
25. 71
OD , AD ,
c c 1 2 2 AB 2 AD
Use det properties
2 p2
26. 2a 3b c 2 0 37. required area where p is distance
3
27. 2
a – (b + c) = 0 2
between parallel lines
(a – b – c) (a + b + c) = 0
2
Either a – b – c = 0 or a + b + c = 0 38. Area of = le where is
2123
–a + b + c = 0
Family of lines passing through (–1, 1) determinent of 3 lines
and (1, 1). Y
3
28. t1 , t2 , t3 roots of y xt 2at at B(0, 4)
29. The family of lines
x y 1 2 x 3 y 5 0 passes C A
39. X
through a point such that 8 8
,0 ,0
x y 1 0 , 2x 3y 5 0 3 3
D(0, 4)
30. a,b,c are in A.P
31. Let slope of another side is m Enclosed Area ABCD= 4 Area AOB
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STRAIGHT LINES JEE MAINS - VOL - V
1 8 64 k 0
4 4
2 3 3
sq.units. and 1 1
h0
f n 2n gives 1 and h=k=-2
Hence A(-2,-2)
1
required area f 6 1 2
3 50. m1 , m , m2 is slope of reflected line
2
2 3
1 1
40. x k dx 6 . m1 m m m2
40 2 use 1 mm 1 mm
1 2
41. From diagram 3 450 150
51. ax by 1 will be one of the bisectors of the
42. from diagram 3 1800 600
given line. Equation of bisectors of the given lines
43. Intersecting 2 x 3 y 5 0 and are
3 x 5 y 2 0 is (1,1) 3x 4 y 5 5 x 12 y 10
Find the image of (1,1) w.r.to x y 2 5 13
Then 3a a 3a a
, , Q(0, a) R
i.e. P ,
2 2 2 2
2 h 2 k
, 0, 0 & 2 0,
3 3
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
L x1 , y1
L ax by c then 0
4 b
B 1) A and R are true and R is the correct
explaination of A
X 2) A and R are true and R not is the correct
O
explaination of A
3) A is true R is False
lies on y 2 x then 4h 2k ..... 1 4) A is False R is True
3. Assertion (A): If the angle between the lines
AB 4 kx-y+6 = 0, 3x+5y+7 = 0 is / 4 one value
2 2 of k is -4
h 4h 2k k 4h 2k 4 Reason (R): If is angle between the lines
2 2
3h 2 k 4h 3k 4 m1 m2
with slopes m1 , m2 then tan .
1 m1m2
or 25h 2 13k 2 36hk 4
1) A and R are true and R is the correct
Required locus is 25 x 2 13 y 2 36 xy 4 0 explaination of A
2) A and R are true and R not is the correct
Here, h 2 ab and 0 explaination of A
3) A is true R is False 4) A is False R is True
ellipse
4. I : Every first degree equation in x and y is
LEVEL-IV
ax+by+c=0, a b 0 represent a straight
1. (A) : If a1 x b1 y c1 a2 x b2 y c2
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STRAIGHT LINES JEE MAINS - VOL - V
perpendicular through (4,1) devides the line
line joining (2,-1), (6,5) is 5:8
Which of the above statement (s) is/are true
II : Every first degree equation in x and y
1) Only I 2) Only II
can be convert into slope intecept form
3) Both I and II4) Neither I nor II
Then which of the following is true 9. The lines L1 : y x 0 and L2 : 2 x y 0
1) Only I 2) only II intersect the line L3 : y 2 0 at P and Q
3) both I & II 4) neither I nor II respectively. The bisector of the accute
5. I : Length of the perpendicular from (x1,y1) angle between L1 and L2 intersect L3 at R
a x1 b y 1 c
to the line ax+by+c=0 is Statement - 1 : The ratio PR : RQ equals
a2 b2
II : The equation of the line passing 2 2: 5.
Statement - 2 : In any triangle, bisector of
through(0,0) and perpendicular to an angle divides the triangle into two similar
ax+by+c=0 is bx-ay=0 triangles. [AIEEE - 2011]
Then which of the following is true. (1) Statement – 1 is true, Statement – 2 is
true; Statement – 2 is not a correct explana-
1) onlyI 2)only II
tion for Statement – 1
3) both I & II 4) neither I nor II (2) Statement – 1 is true, Statement– 2 is
6. I : The ratio in which L ax+by+c=0 false.
divides the line segment joining A(x1,y1) (3) Statement – 1 is false, Statement– 2 is
L11 true.
B(x2,y2) is L
22 (4) Statement – 1 is true, Statement – 2 is
II: the equation of the line in which (x1,y1) true; Statement – 2 is a correct explanation
divides the line segment between the for Statement – 1
coordinate axes in the ratio m:n is 10. Observe the following list with respect to
nx my the line ax+by+c=0
mn
x1 y1 List I List II
Then which of the following is true
A)Perpendicular distance from (0,0) 1) c b
1) only I 2) only II
3) both I&II 4) neither I nor II c c
B) X-intercept of the line 2) ,
7. I:A straight line is such that the algebraic a b
sum of the distance from any no. of fixed |c|
C) Y-intercept of the line 3) | a2 b2 |
points is zero. Then that line always passes
through a fixed point c c
D) Circumcentre of triangle OAB 4) ,
II: The base of the triangle lie along the 2 a 2b
line x=a and is of length a. If the area of where A,B are X and Y intercepts 5) c a
the triangle is a2 then the third vertex lies
Then the correct answer is
on x=-a or x=3a. A B C D A B C D
Then which of the following is true. 1) 3 5 1 2 2) 3 5 1 4
1) only I 2) only II 3) 3 4 1 5 4) 1 2 3 4
11. observe the following
3) both I & II 4) neither I nor II
column I column II
8. Statement I: Normal form of line A) the area bounded by the P) 3
x y 2 is x cos y sin 1 curve max x , y 1 is
4 4
Statement II: The ratio in which the B) if the point (a,a) lies between Q) 2
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JEE MAINS - VOL - V STRAIGHT LINES
the lines x y 3 then number Equation of angular bisector OR is
of values of a
52 2 x 5 2 y
is (where [.] denotes the PR : RQ 2 2 : 5
greatesr integer function)
C) Number of integral values R) 4 10. A) the perpendicular distance from 0, 0 to
of b for which the origin and
the point(1,1) lie on the same c
side of the st.line ax by c 0 is
a b2
2
c
1) A R, B Q, C P B) X-Intercept
a
2) A R, B P, C Q
3) A P, B Q, C R c
C) Y-intercept
b
4) A P, B R, C Q
D) In right angle triangle circumcenter is mid
12. Equation of line passing through (1,3),
perpendicular to 2x-3y+4 = 0 is ax+by+c = point of hypotenuse is
0 (a>0) then ascending order of a, b, c is 11. (A) max x , y 1
1) a, c, b 2) c, b, a
If x 1 and if y 1 ,
3) c, a, b 4) a, b, c
LEVEL-IV - KEY then x 1 and y 1
1) 4 2) 1 3) 1 4) 1 5) 3 Required area 2 2
6) 3 7) 3 8) 3 9) 2 10) 2 (B) the line y x cuts the lines x y 3 ie,
11) 1 12) 2
LEVEL-IV - HINTS
at or and
1. Given lines may be parallel.
then ,
2. R is the correct explaination of A.
3. Using angle formula between the lines
4. Standard result (C) since (0, 0) and (1, 1) lie on the same side.
5. Standerd result So,
6. Standerd result Coefficient of is >0
7. I: Consider the points
x1, y1 x2 , y2 .......... xn , yn
Alegebric sum of the perpendicular distance = or
a x1 x2 ........... xn b y1 y2 ......... yn nc
to Number of values of is 3.
a 2 b2
12. Line equation is 3x+2y-9 = 0.
II : Consider the points on the line x = a
are A(a,0) B(a,a) ****
P(x,y) area of the triangle = a 2
8. I) normal form line x cos y sin p
II) L11 : L22
9. P 2, 2 , Q 1, 2
103