Steps in Vertical Stirrup Design

I. Calculate the factored shear force v u at critical sections defined in Page 199, or at
any section you want the spacing to be determined.

II. Calculate the shear strength provided by concrete, v c.

example: v c=0.17 λ √ f ' cbw d

If V u >Ф V c stirrups are necessary, proceed to Set IV.

If V u >Ф V c but V u > 2Ф1 V C , proceed to step VI. (Sec.411.6.6)

If V u > 1 V C , beam section is capable to carry the required shear.

2Ф

IV. Calculate the shear strength V s to be provided by the stirrup.

1. V n=¿V ¿⁄ Ф u

2. V s =¿ V n− V c=¿ V ¿ ¿
u
⁄ Ф - Vc

If V s ≤ 0.66 √ f ' ͨ b w d,proceed to Step V (Sect. 411.6.7.9)

If V s >¿¿ 0.66 √ f ' ͨ b w d, adjust the size of the beam (Sect.411.6.7.9)

V. Spacing of stirrups
Av f d
Spacing, s= yt
; See figure 4.2 in Page 197 for the value of A v.
Vs

If s < 25 mm + d t , increase the value of A v by either using a bigger bar size

or . adding more shear area
Maximum spacing, s: (411.6.4)

(a) When V s ≤ 0.33 √ f ' ͨ b w d, Smax ¿d/2 or 600 mm

(b) When V s ≤ 0.33 √ f ' ͨ b w d, Smax ¿d/4 or 600 mm

1
VI. If V u< Ф V c but V u > Ф V c:
2
Minimum area of stirrup
bw S bw S
A vmin = 0.062 √ f ' ͨ ≥ 0.35 (Sect. 411.6.6.3)
f yt f yt
Illustrative Problems
Note: If not specified all concrete in these illustrative problems are normal weight concrete,
where λ=1.0

Problem 4.1

A rectangular beam has a width of 260 mm and an overall depth of 470 mm. Concrete cover is 60 mm
from the centroid of bars. Concrete compressive strength f c=¿¿21 MPa. Steel yield strength provided by
concrete using the simplified calculation (a) if the beam is subjected to shear and flexure only, and (b) if
the beam is subjected to axial compressive force of 80 kN.

Solution
Effective depth, d=470-60=410mm

Gross are, A g=260(470) = 122,200 m m 2

a) The beam is subject to shear and flexure only:

V c = 0.17λ √ f ' c b w d
V c = 0.17(1) √ 21(260)(410)

V c = 83.045 kN
b) The beam is subjected to axial compressive force of 80 kN.

(
V c = 0.17 1+
Nu
14 A g )
λ bw d

(
V c =¿ 0.17 1+
80,000
14(122,200) )
(1) (260) (410)

V c =¿ 86.93 kN

Problem 4.2

Determine the minimum cross section required for a rectangular beam from a shear standpoint so that
no web reinforcement is required by the Code if V u=¿¿ 142 kN and f c=¿¿ 27.6 MPa. Assume d=1.7b
Solution

According to 411.6.5, a minimum shear reinforcement is required only when V u exceed of 0.5ФV c .

V c =¿ 0.17 λ √ f ' c b w d

V c =¿ 0.5ФV c 142,000 = 0.5(0.75) [ 0.17 ( 1 ) √ 27.6 bw (1.7 b w ) ]

b w=¿¿ 499.4 mm

d = 1.7 b w d= 1.7 (499.4)

d= 849 mm

Using the 2001 NSCP; b= 469 mm, d = 798 mm

Problem 4.3

A rectangular beam has b w=¿280¿ mm, d = 510 mm. Determine the maximum factored shear can this
beam section carry. Use ρc=¿¿ 24 MPa.

Solution

Shear strength provided by concrete:

V c = 0.17 λ √ f ' c b w d V c = 0.17 (1) √ 24 (280)(510)

V c = 118.928 kN

Maximum value of V s according to Section Sect. 411.6.7.9:

V s max = 0.66 √ 24 (280)(510) V s max = 0.66 √ 24 (280)(510)

V s max = 461.719 kN

Nominal shear capacity of the section :

V n max = V c +V s max V n max = 118.928 + 461.719

V n max = 580.647 kN

Ultimate (design) shear strength:

V u = Ф V n max V u= 0.75(580.647)

V u = 435.485 kN
Using the 2001 NSCP, V u = 493.55 kN

Problem 4.4 (CE BOARD)

A reinforced concrete bean has the following properties.

Beam width, b = 320 mm

Effective depth, d = 640 mm

Concrete strength, f c = 21 MPa.

Reinforcing steel strength, f y = 400 MPa.

If the factored shear force at the critical section is 210,000 N, compute the nominal shear carried by the
shear reinforcement.

Solution

Shear strength carried by concrete:

V c = 0.17 √ f ' c b w d V c = 0.17 √ 21 (320)(640)

V c = 159.547 kN

Required normal shear strength:

Vu 210
Vn = V n=
Ф 0.75
V n= 280 kN

Nominal shear strength of the section:

V n=V c +V s 280 = 159.547 + V s

V s = 120.453 kN

Using the 2001 NSCP, V s = 87.512 kN

Problem 4.5 (CE BOARD)

Determine the required stirrup spacing for a 10 mm diameter U- stirrups in a reinforced concrete beam
with effective beam depth of 400 mm to carry the net shear of 154 kN, if f yℎ = 270 MPa.

Solution

Net shear to be carried by stirrup, V s = 154 kN

A v f yt d
The required stirrup spacing is, s =
Vs
π π
Av = 2 x dℎ2 Av = 2 x (10¿2
4 4
A v = 157.1 mm 2

A v f yt d 157.1(275)(400)
S= s=
Vs 154 x 103
s = 112.2 mm

Problem 4.6

A rectangular beam has the following properties:

b w = 320 mm Stirrup diameter, d t = 10 mm

d = 570 mm f yt = 275 MPa

f c = 24 MPa

Determine the required spacing vertical U- stirrup when the required shear strength V u is a) 50 kN, b) 90 kN,
c) 130 kN, d) 290 kN, e) 360 kN, and f) 570 kN. Use the 2010 NSCP.

Solution
 Shear strength provided by concrete:

V c = 0.17 λ √ f ' c b wd V c = 0.17(1) √ 24 (320)(570)

V c = 151.908 kN

Ф V c = 0.75(151.91) = 113.931 kN

1
Ф V c = 56.965 kN
2
0.66 √ f ' c b wd = 589.759 kN

0.33 √ f ' c b wd = 294.879 kN

π
Av = 2 x (10¿2 = 157.08 mm 2
4
1
a) V u = 50 kN < Ф Vc Beam section capable to carry the required shear.
2
b) V u = 90 kN
1
V u is less than Ф V c but more than Ф V c a minimum area of shear reinforcement is
2
required.

Maximum stirrup spacing Smax 1 = d/2 = 285 mm

bw S 0.35 bw S
A vmin = 0.062 √ f ' c ≥
f yt f yt

Av f 157.08(275)
Smax 2 = yt
= = 444 mm
0.062 √ f ' c b w
0.062 √ 24 (320)

Av f 157(275)
Smax 3= yt
= – 386 mm
0.35 bw 0.35(320)

Use s = 285 mm