Formulas

Quadratic formula: The roots of ax 2  bx  c  0 where a 苷 0, are

b  2b2  4ac
2a
Distance formula for 2-space: d  2(x 2  x1)2  (y2  y1)2
x1  x2 y1  y2
Midpoint of a line segment: 冢 2
,
2 冣
y2  y1
Slope of a line: m
x2  x1

Point-slope form: y  y1  m(x  x1)

Simple interest: i  Prt and A  P  Prt

nt

冢 冣
r
Compound interest: AP 1 and A  Pe rt
n
nth term of an arithmetic sequence: an  a1  (n  1)d

n(a1  an)
Sum of n terms of an arithmetic sequence: Sn 
2
nth term of a geometric sequence: an  a1r n1
a1r n  a1
Sum of n terms of a geometric sequence: Sn 
r1
a1
Sum of infinite geometric sequence: S
1r
9 5
Temperature: F C  32 and C (F  32)
5 9

Equations Determining Functions

Linear function: f(x)  ax  b

Quadratic function: f(x)  ax 2  bx  c
Polynomial function: f(x)  anx n  an1 x n1  . . .  a1 x  a0 where n is a whole number

g(x)
Rational function: f (x)  where g and h are polynomials; h(x) ⬆ 0
h(x)
Exponential function: f(x)  bx where b  0 and b 苷 1
Logarithmic function: f(x)  logb x where b  0 and b 苷 1