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LESSON PLAn for Independent & Dependent Events

Method · February 2019

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22658.53447

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 LESSON PLAn for Independent & Dependent
Events

Princess Alodia S. Alaban

Craig N. Refugio, PhD

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the period, each student should be able to:
a. distinguish between independent and dependent events
b. solve for the probability of independent and dependent events
c. show perseverance and determination in solving the probability of independent and
dependent events.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Independent and Dependent Events
Materials: Cartolina, Blackboard, chalk, projector, laptop
References: K-‐12 Mathematics Learner’s Module pp. 341-‐344

III. PROCEDURE
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
A. Preparation
“Good Morning, class!”
All: Good Morning, ma’am A.”

“Everyone, please all stand for the prayer.”

“In the name of the Father, the Son, and the
Holy Spirit Amen. Our father who art in
heaven. Hallowed be thy name, thy kingdom
come, thy will be done on earth as it is in
heaven. Give us today our daily bread and
forgive us our sins as we forgive those who sin
against us. Do not bring us to the test and
deliver us from evil. Amen.”
All: (Students are standing up.)
All: “In the name of the Father, the Son, and the
Holy Spirit Amen. Our father who art in heaven.
Hallowed be thy name, thy kingdom come, thy will
be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us today
our daily bread and forgive us our sins as we
forgive those who sin against us. Do not bring us
to the test and deliver us from evil. Amen.”

“Please be seated. I will now check your

attendance.
(Checking the attendance)
It seems that nobody is absent for today,

Let’s have a short review. Last meeting we

have discussed mutually exclusive events and
 events? (Students raise their hand)
Yes, Hannah. Hannah: Not mutually exclusive events are events
that have an outcome in common.
That’s right. How can we solve for the
probability of the mutually exclusive events? (Students raise their hand)
Yes, Dawood.
Dawood: If two events, A and B, are mutually
exclusive, then the probability that either A or B
occurs is the sum of their probabilities.
Very good. How about not mutually exclusive
events? (Students raise their hand)
Yes, Jay. Jay: If two events, A and B, are not mutually
exclusive, then the probability that either A or B
occurs is the sum of their probabilities.
Correct.
B. Presentation
Our lesson for today is about the Independent
and Dependent Events.
At the end of the period, you should be able to
distinguish events that are independent and
dependent.you
You will also learn how to solve for the
probability of independent events.

Who have an idea on what is the difference

between independent and dependent events?
Thank you Glyzha. How about dependent
events?
Very good, Chelsey. Boys please read about
Independent events.
Thank you boys. For example, flipping a coin
and rolling a die together. When we flip the
coin, it does not affect the outcome of a die
having a 6 or an odd number.
Glyzha: In the word itself, independent means
something that is not connected to another. So
independent events are two events that is not
connected to each other.
Chelsey: It is the opposite of the independent
events ma’am. If independent events are two
events that is not connected to each other, then
dependent event is connected to another events
All Boys: Independent Events are events in which
the probability of any one event occurring is
unaffected by the occurrence or non-‐occurrence
of any of the other events.

events that have no influence on each other?

Yes Rica. (Students raise their hands)
Rica: Combing your hair and finding a cat.
Okay, why?
Rica: Because It doesn’t mean that you will comb
your hair, you will find your cat

That’s right. If two events, A and B, are

independent, then the probability of both
events occurring is the product of the
probability of A and the probability of B. In
symbols,
P(A and B) = P(A) • P(B)

Let’s try the problem that we have.

Girls, please read the problem. Ready, go.
All Girls: Consider a box that contains 14 red balls,
12 blue balls, and 9 yellow balls. A ball is drawn at
random and the color is noted and then put back
inside the box. Then, another ball is drawn at
random. Find the probability that:
a. Both are blue.
b. The first is red and the second is yellow.

Thank you girls.

We have here the

illustration of the
box that contains
the colored-‐balls
in our problem.
First we are ask to find the probability that the
2 balls that are drawn are both blue.

First let us find the probability of the first blue

ball that is drawn from the box.

If drawing first blue balls in the box is our first
event, then what are we going to do?
Yes Hannah.
(Hannah raising her hand)
Hannah: We find the probability of the event of
the ball being randomly drawn in the box.
Wherein the probability of an event is equal to
number of outcomes in the event over the
number of outcomes in the sample space.

What is the probability that we will randomly

get a blue ball in the box? (Students raising their hands)

Let’s have Laurish.
Why did you say it is 1/12 Laurish?
Laurish: Ma’am I think it is 1/12.
Laurish: If the person will draw a blue ball and that
is only one ma’am because he/she will only draw
once and it is 12 because there are 12 blue balls in
the box.

Laurish: They are not involved ma’am because

How about the other colors inside the box
Laurish?
I know. But Laurish, do you remember our
lesson about Probability of simple events?
only blue balls are asked.
Laurish: Yes ma’am. The probability of simple
event is equal to the number of outcomes over
number of outcomes in sample space.

That’s right. Now, the box in the problem

contains not only blue balls but also red and
yellow balls. Can you not consider the number
of red and yellow balls in our sample space of
the probability of getting blue balls?
Laurish: No ma’am because it is inside the box. So,
the red balls and yellow balls are involved in the
sample space in our event.

Very good. Now I will ask you again, what is Laurish: The probability of getting a blue ball in
the probability that we will randomly get a the box is 12/35.
blue ball in the box?

That’s correct. So, the probability of getting a (Students Clapping)

blue ball in the box is 12/35. Let’s give Laurish
2 Claps.

After the blue ball was drawn, it was put back

inside the box. What is the probability that a Engie: Same as the first probability of drawing of a
blue ball will be drawn on the second draw? blue ball ma’am. 12/35.

That right. It is just the same because the first

blue ball that was drawn, was put back in the
box. So if the person will draw again for a blue
ball, then the probability will be the same.

We already have the probability of the first

= 144/1225
The probability of drawing blue balls in the
box is 144/1225.
Now let’s answer the second that is asked in
the problem. We have here,
“Find the probability of drawing first a red
and the second a yellow.”

We will first get the probability of drawing a

red balls and then the probability of drawing a
yellow ball.

What is the probability that we will randomly

get a red ball in the box?

Zanderlie: the probability that we will randomly

Why? get a red ball in the box is 14/35.

Zanderlie: It is because in getting the probability of

an event is equals to the number of outcomes in
the over number of outcomes in the sample
space. Since there are 14 red balls in the box and
there are a total of 35 balls inside the box, then
Very well said, Zanderlie. The probability of the answer is 14/35.
getting first a red ball is 14/35. Now, let’s get
the probability of getting a yellow ball. The
probability of getting a yellow ball is 9/35,
since there are 9 yellow balls out of 35 balls
inside the box. Then we use the formula to get
the probability of drawing red balls and yellow
balls.

So we have,
14 9
𝑃 𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 = •
35 35
= 126/1225
= 18/175
The probability of drawing first a red ball and
second is a yellow ball in the box is 18/175.

Do you have any questions?

Let’s have another example. All: None so far.
Altogether, please read.
All: Nick has 4 black pens, 3 blue pens, and 2 red

Yes, Marco. Marco: We need to find first the probability on

choosing a blue pen.
Very good. Then what is the probability in
choosing the blue pen?
(Students answering in chorus): 3/9
Okay. That’s right.
How about on the second blue pen?
(Students answering in chorus): 3/9
Then what are we going to do next?
(Students raise their hands)
Yes, Jeadan.
Jeadan: We will use the formula on finding the
probability of independent events.
That’s right. So we have,
3 3
𝑃 𝐵𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏𝑙𝑢𝑒 = •
9 9
9 1
= 𝑜𝑟
81 9

Do you have any questions regarding

independent events?
All: None so far.

Let’s proceed to Dependent Events

Everyone let’s all read together ...
All: Dependent Events -‐ two events are
dependent if the occurrence of one event does
affect the occurrence of the other (e.g., random
selection without replacement).
When we say dependent events, the
outcomes of one event influence the outcome
of the other event. For example, studying hard
and passing the test. If you study the lessons
discussed by the teacher, the possibility of
passing the test is high. But, if you don’t study
the lessons discussed by the teacher, then
there is a high possibility of failing the test.
Students: That’s right ma’am.

Also, controlling your diet and having a nice

curve body. If you control the amount of food
you intake, then you will have a nice curve
body. But if you will not control the amount of
food you intake, then you will become fat .

Can anyone give me an example of a

dependent event?
That’s right. If a person will not rob another
person then he/she will not go to jail. But if he
robs another person then he will go to jail.

If two events, A and B, are dependent, then

the probability of both events occurring is the
product of the probability of A and the
probability of B after A occurs. In symbols,

Let’s have another problem.

A box contains 7
white marbles and
7 red marbles.
What is the
probability of
drawing a 2 white marbles and a red marble
without replacement?

Let us first find the probability of getting 1

white marble.

The probability of an event is equal to the

number of outcomes in an event over the
number of outcomes in the sample space. So,
the probability of getting a white marble is
7/14.

Now, one marble is

taken out from the
box. To get the next
probability of the
second white
marble, we only need to find the probability of
getting white marble that are inside the box.
The probability of the second white marble is
6/13. Why do think our answer is 6/13? (Students raising their hands)
Yes, Valen. Valen: Since we already took out one white
marble then the number of white marbles that are
inside the box are 6 and also, our sample space is
decrease to 13.
Very good. We already took one marble, so
the number of marbles that are in the box
marbles, we need to find the probability of
getting a red marbles in the box. We already
took 2 marbles in the box, then the number of
our sample space will decrease to 12. Since
there are 7 red marbles and 12 marbles in
total, then the probability of getting a red
marbles is 7/12.

Then we use the formula of getting the

probability of the dependent events. Since our
problem is a dependent events.

So we have,
7 6 7
𝑃(2 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑑) = • •
14 13 12
294 7
= 2184 = 52

So the probability of drawing 2 white marbles

and 1 red marbles is 7/52.

Let’s have another problem.

Everyone, please read. Go.

All: A basket contains 6 apples, 5 bananas, 4

oranges, and 5 guavas. Dominic randomly chooses
one piece of fruit, eats it, and chooses another
piece of fruit. What is the probability that he
Thank you. So, what are we going to do first?
chose a banana and then an apple?

Yes, Rachel.
(Students raise their hands)
Rachel: First we will find the probability of the
Very good. And what is the probability of
banana.
Dominic randomly eats a banana?

(Students raise their hands)

Yes, Bonet.

Bonet: The probability of Dominic randomly eats a

That’s right. How about the apple?
banana is 5/20 or ¼.

Yes, Glyzha.
(Students raise their hands)
Glyzha: Ma’am its 6/19.
Why?

Glyzha: Since there are 6 apples then the number

of outcomes is equal to 6 and our sample space is
Amazing. Then what are we going to do next? 19 because we can assume, that one fruit was
 5 6
𝑃 𝑏𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑒 = ∙
20 19
30 3
= 380 = 38
So the probability of Dominic randomly chose
a banana and then an apple is 3/38.

Do you understand our lesson class?

Students: Yes ma’am

Do you have any questions regarding our
lesson class?
Students: None so far
C. Practice
Let’s have a group activity. But first you go to
your designated group. Group 1 will stay in
here. Group two, you stay in here. Group 3
will stay in here and group 4, you stay in here.

Each of your group will be given a problem

that you need solve. You need to cooperate in
answering the problem because I will ask
someone from your group to explain.
Understood?
Students: Yes ma’am.
1. A bag contains 6 black marbles, 9 blue
marbles, 4 yellow marbles and 2 green
marbles. A marble is randomly selected,
replaced, and a second marble is randomly
selected. Find the probability of selecting a
black marble, then a yellow marble.
2. A box of chocolate contains 10 milk
chocolates, 8 dark chocolates, and 6 white
chocolates. Hanissa randomly chooses a
chocolate, eats it, and then randomly
chooses another chocolate. What is the
probability that Hanissa chose a milk
chocolate, and then, a white chocolate?
3. What is the probability of having an even

That’s right Jasmine. Thank you.
Can somebody tell me how to solve for the
probability of an independent event?
How about, solving for the probability of a
dependent event?
That’s correct Prileen.
So do you any questions and clarification
regarding our lesson for today?
are two events that affects the other events.
Justine May: The probability of an independent
events is equal to the product the probability A
and probability B.
Prileen: In solving for the probability of a
dependent event, we multiply the probability of
probability A and the probability of B following A.
Students: None so far.

IV. ASSESSMENT
i. Distinguish the following events if it is a dependent event or an independent event. Write DE if the
event is a dependent, and IE if the events are independent. Write your answer on the space
provided.

1. Turning off the lights and winning the lottery.

2. Murdering a person and going to jail.
3. Winning a contest and a dog barking.
4. Singing a high tone note and having a typhoon.
5. Drinking an alcohol and getting drunk.

ii. Answer the following problems.

1) A bag of jelly beans contains 10 red, 6 green, 7 yellow, and 5 orange jelly beans. What is the
probability of randomly choosing a red jelly bean, replacing it, randomly choosing another red
jelly bean, replacing it, and then randomly choosing an orange jelly bean?
2) Rene and Cris went to a grocery store to buy drinks. They chose from 10 different brands of
juice drinks, 6 different brands of carbonated drinks, and 3 different brands of mineral water.
What is the probability that Rene and Cris both chose juice drinks, if Rene randomly chose
first and like the first brand he picked up?

V. ASSIGNMENT
What is Conditional Probability of an event?
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