writing

Tăng/ giảm
Increase/ grow/ rise (increased/ grew/ rose) (increase/ growth/ rise)
Decrease/ decline/ drop (decreased/ declined/ dropped)
Tính từ (trạng từ) chỉ mức độ đi kèm để mô tả sự mạnh nhẹ khi tăng giảm:
Nhẹ: Slight/ slow/ marginal (ly)
Từ từ, đều đều: gradual/ consistent/ moderate (ly)
Mạnh: Significant/ considerable (ly)
Rất mạnh: Dramatic/ sharp (ly)

Dao động
Fluctuation/ fluctuate in the range from ... to... from year to year.
Duy trì:
Remain unchanged/ (relatively) stable = level off (a levelling off)
Maintain at this level ...
Đạt đỉnh, đáy
Reach a peak of... = hit a high of : đạt đỉnh = peak at
Reach a bottom of... = hit a trough of ... : đạt đáy
Các dạng biểu đồ: đường (line graph) – cột (bar chart) – tròn (pie chart) – bảng
(table).

Task 1 Strategies (tổng hợp)

No Types of Grammars + Strategies and Examples

questions Vocab
required
1 Describe Hiện tại hoàn . Well, I’m currently a/an .... (I’m living in a ...)
your job/ thành tiếp (My current city is...)
home/ city... diễn (nếu có
thể) . I’ve been holding this job / living here ...for
I have been + almost ....years
Ving
2 Do you like/ Like: tobe Strategy: trả lời thẳng vào câu hỏi và nêu lí do...
dislike ...? keen on = . Yes/ I would say that I am a big fan of
big on = fond I am really into ...
of = a big fan . This is mainly because + bảng lí do
of . As well as that/ on top of that (nêu lí do 2)...
Bảng lí do
thích, không
thích
3 Is there I can’t stand/ Strategy: trả lời thẳng vào câu hỏi và nêu lí do.
anything you can’t bear ... . I have to say that.../ to be honest ...I am not ...
dislike/ don’t Hoặc Not + . The main reason is because it/ they ...+
like...? các tính từ uncomfortable/ annoying/ noisy ...
phía trên . Besides, ... (nêu lí do 2)
4 Do you Cấu trúc Hoặc thích cái gì hơn hoặc không cái nào hơn
 prefer A or prefer và . Sth would be my preferrence/ I don’t have a
B? while preferrence here
. While A is ...., B is ....
5 How often Trạng từ tần Strategy depend
...? suất . It depends on sth
Câu đk loại . If/ when ... (trường hợp 1)
1 . However, if ... (trường hợp 2)
Hoặc: bình thương thế này nhưng nếu
I often .... ;however when ....or ..
6 What kinds Kind = type Strategy: trả lời từ chung chung đến chi tiết.
of something Chủ ngữ giả . There is a wide variety/ range of ...
popular There . The most common/ popular/ widely used/
in ...? widely preferred type would probably be ....,
which ....
. Another well-known/ important/ major type
might possibly be ...
7 Is/ are Paraphrase Strategy: khẳng định lại và nêu lí do
something cho ... Sth plays a vital/ crucial/ key role in ...
important... important . This is mainly because + bảng lí do
? Có thể dùng . As well as that/ on top of that (nêu lí do 2)
câu đk loại 2 . Without sth, life would be ... (meaningless/
(dùng stressfull)
without)
8 Would you Câu điều Strategy: Chưa bao giờ nghĩ đến + Nếu có cơ
like to kiện + hội hoặc nếu làm thế thì mang lại điều gì
change ...? Would . Well, to be honest, this isn’t something I’ve
ever considered but
. If I had a chance to..., I would .. (đk loại 2)
Hoặc I guess doing sth could ....
9 What was Dùng thì quá Strategy: Nếu tôi nhớ không lầm thì + kể
the last khứ chuyện dùng qk.
time ...? . If remember correctly/ If my memory serves
me right, It was probably last... or ... ago
10 Have you Thì hiện tại Chưa từng làm – giải thích – nếu có cơ hội
done hoàn thành + Yes, làm 1 lần: giống câu 9
something ? Quá khứ Yes, làm nhiều lần:
. Yes, definitely, I’ve done/ been ... multiple
times.
. The first/ most recent time was ....
. I had a fantastic time/ I truly had a blast (cảm
xúc tuyệt vời, rất vui)

11 Is it easy/ Paraphrase
difficult to cách diễn đạt
do easy +
something difficult

1. Like question
Diễn đạt thích:
- Like / love ...
- Be into ...
- Be a big fan of ...
- Be keen on / be big on/ be fond of ...
Nêu lý do:
- It’s + adj mang tính giải trí (interesting/ entertaining/ exciting/ thrilling/
relaxing ...)
- It helps/ enables/ allows me + V/ to ...
- It’s a great way to ...
Một số các lý do dễ ứng dụng:
- Reduce stress/ relax/ unwind a bit / recharge my batteries
- Escape from the hustle and bustle of the city
- Temporarily forget all the pressure or worries from my work/ study/
daily life.
- Learn various skills: Problem-solving / money management/ stress
management/ team work/ independent thinking + skills
- Widen my horizons/ Enrich my knowledge/ Develop my imagination
and creativity
- Keep fit/ stay healthy/ keep in shape
- Strengthen my muscles/ Burn excess calories
- Prevent various health problems such as high blood pressure/ stroke/
heart attack/ cancer

2. Dislike question
Diễn đạt không thích:
- Not + keen on/ fond of/
- Not a big fan of
- Not really into
- Not my cup of tea/ not my thing.
- I detest/ can’t stand/ can’t bear
Nêu lý do
- It’s + not adj mang tính giải trí (Interesting/ entertaining/ exciting/
thrilling/ relaxing...)
- It’s + adj chỉ sự không thích (boring/terrible/ scary/ difficult/ stressful/
noisy...)
- It makes me + adj (stressed/ exhausted/ bored/ tined/...)
- I have to V (do lots of homework/ learn lots of vocabulary/ memorise
long lists of new words and grammatical points/ deal with difficult
problems
- It’s + adj có hại cho sức khoẻ: unhealthy/ not good for my health/
harmful to my health/ detrimental to my health
 Câu hỏi luyện tập:
- What kinds of apps do you like?
- What kinds of colors do you like?
- What kinds of weather do you like?
- Do you like shoes?
- Do you like parks/ museums/ holidays?
- Do you like flowers/ barbecues/ maths?
- Do you like listening to music/ watching movies/ gazing stars?
- Do you like reading/ shopping/ running/ walking/ being alone?

3. Câu hỏi prefer

Một số cách trả lời câu hỏi:
- I don’t think I have a preference here but I guess I prefer ....
- I think it’s a matter of personal preference, for me prefer ...
- Each has its own perks but I tend to prefer ...
- Well, I have no strong feelings one way or the other, but I guess I prefer
Giải thích
- Ưu điểm của A + Nhược điểm của B => dùng mệnh đề While hay
Meanwhile
Sample:
Do you prefer witing letters or sending emails?

I pefer sending emails rather than writing letters because ít’s much fasster,
whilt writing letters is more time-consuming. For example, it can take several
days or even weeks for the reciepients to receive them, whereas it only takes
several seconds or so to receive an mail.

Do you prefer watching movies at home or going to the cinema?

I prefer watching films in the cinema to watching films at home because it’s
more interesting (fastinating). I love the feeling of sitting in a comfortable seat,
eating popcorn and drinking cola while enjoying the film.

Câu hỏi luyện tập:

- Do you prefer talking on the phone or chatting online?

- Do you prefer traveling alone or in a group?
- Do you prefer studying in the morning or in the evening?
- Do you prefer dry or wet weather?
- Do you prefer comfortable shoes or fashionable shoes?

- I prefer chatting online rather than talking on the phone because it’s
more interesting. You know, I can chat with more than one person at the
 same time, and even send photos, videos or emoji to the people I am
chatting with.

- My preference would be travelling with my friends because you know

it’s more captivating If/ when having someone to share experiences with
during journeys, and it’s much safer because we can help each other in
case of an emergency.

- Well, I don’t really have a preference here, but I guess I prefer studying
in the morning because I feel that my brain functions most effectively
during that time of the day, and I can remember things better, so yah.
Meanwhile, I often go to bed early because my attention span is quite
short in the evening.

4. Câu hỏi how often

Trạng từ tần suất:
- Rarely/ from time to time/ every now and then (occasioanlly)
- Once/ twice a week/ a month/ a year
- Every day/ every week/ every two months
- Whenever ...
- Regularly/ frequently/ a lot
Trả lời nước đôi – 2 trường hợp đối lập
- Well, it depends on my situation
- When I have time to kill, I often ....
- However If I’m up to my ears in work/ schoolwork, I only ....
Câu hỏi luyện tập
- How often do you go shopping?
- How often do you listen to music?
- How often do you watch movies?
- How often do you read books?
- How often do you look at yourself in a mirror? (Why/Why not?)
- How often do you remember your dreams after you wake up?
- How often do you take photos? (Why/ Why not?)
5. Câu hỏi important
Khẳng định bằng cách paraphrase từ important:
- Absolutely/ Without a doubt Sth plays a vital/ crucial/ key role in ...
- Sth is of paramount importance
- Be something I can’t live without
- Means a lot to me/ means the world to me
Giải thích: Liệt kê các lí do thứ nhất là, thứ 2 là
- This is mainly because + bảng lí do
- As well as that/ on top of that (nêu lí do 2)
 - Có thể đặt giả thuyết ngược lại dùng câu đk loại 2: Without sth, life
would be ... (meaningless/ stressfull)
Câu hỏi luyện tập:
- Do you think family is important?
- Are friends important to you?
- Is it important for children to learn how to concentrate?
- Is calling the most important function of a mobile phone?
- Why are negative feedbacks as important as positive feedbacks at work?
- How important is the colour of a car to you? (Why/Why not?)
- Is it important to have the same hobbies and interests when making
friends?

6. Câu hỏi what kinds

Trả lời khái quát trước khi đi vào chi tiết
- Well, there is a wide range of/ a variety of ...
- The most common one is ...
- Another type of ... that is widely used might be ....
Sample
For the most part, Vietnamese people favor a wide variety of films but I guess
the most popular genre may be Korean romantic film which has been
dominating the small screen in Vietnam for decades. Another genre is widely
preferred by local cinema fans is action film, especially of Hollywood style.

Câu hỏi luyện tập:

- What kinds of websites do you use most often?
- What kinds of accomodation are most popular?
- What kinds of people are easy to get along with?
- What kinds of music do people like?
- What kinds of free gifts do people give?
- What kinds of sports are popular in VietNam?

7. Câu hỏi Would you like

Sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1 hoặc loại 2 + Lí do
- Yes, definitely, If I ..., I will/ would ... immediately
- Well, to be honest, this isn’t something I’ve ever considered but If I had
a chance to..., I would .. (đk loại 2)
- Hoặc Even if I am/ I was able to .../ I will, would not change my ... ( câu
đk loại 1 hoặc loại 2)
Sample: Would you like to change your job?

Well, this is not something I’ve ever considered coz I’m quite satisfied with
my current job. However, it would be wonderful if I was able to embark on
a side hustle. I guess having a second job, possibly on a part time basis
would make my life more varied and fulfilling.

8. Câu hỏi the last time

Kể chuyện -Dùng các thì quá khứ
- If remember correctly/ If my memory serves me right, It was probably
last... or ... ago
- I still remember very vividly the last time ...
Sample: what was the last time you travel by public transport?

Well, I’m not sure if I remember correctly but it was probably two weeks
ago. I needed to collect some handicraft materials which are available in the
Old Quarter of Hanoi only. It was a scorching day and you know riding a
motorcycle for nearly 30 minutes in crowded traffic didn’t sound like a
good idea. So, I decided to take the bus instead. It’s air-conditioned and on
top of that, it’s super cheap.

9. Câu hỏi Have you done something?

Trả lời dùng thì Hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ

- Yes, definitely, I’ve done/ been ... multiple times.

- The first/ most recent time was ....
- I had a fantastic time/ I truly had a blast (cảm xúc tuyệt vời, rất vui)
10. Câu hỏi Easy/ difficult

Paraphrase cách diễn đạt easy:

- Something is quite simple/ straightforward/ just a piece of cake

- I find it quite easy to do something
- I have no trouble doing something
- I do have a knack for something/ doing something
- I have a flair/ talent for doing something
- Something is my forte (= my strong point)

Paraphrase cách diễn đạt difficult

- I always have a hard time doing something

- I find it hard/ tough/ extremely difficult to do something
- Something is challenging/ physically demanding/ mentally demanding
- (mentally-intensive job/ work)
- I always struggle to do something
- I have difficulty doing something/ I always have trouble with something
- I have to admit that I suck at something
- Something is not a walk in the park