DESIGN CALCULATION OF ABUTMENT :

1. Height of Backfill (in mts.) = 4.50m

2. Width of Wall at Base (B in mts.) = 2.70m
3. Bearing Capacity of Soil (S.B.C) (in t/m2) = 20t/m2
4. Unit weight of Concrete (in t/m3) = 2.40t/m3
5. Unit weight of Backfill (in t/m3) = 18t/m3
6. Angle of Repose (in degree) = 300
7. Coefficient of Internal Friction (µ) = 0.60

Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure (Ka) = (1- sinØ)/ ( 1+ sinØ)

= (1- sinØ)/ ( 1+ sinØ)
= 0.333
Axtive Earth Pressure (Pa) = 0.50 x Ka x Y x H x H
= 0.50 x 0.333 x1800 x4.50 x4.50
= 6068.83Kg.m
Overturning Moment (Mo) = Pa x H/3
= 6068.83 X 4.50/3
= 9103.25Kg/m
Sr.no Weight (Kg/m) Lever Arm Resisting Moment
about “A” (MR) kg/m
1. W1 1.00 1.20 4.50 2400 12960.00 0.60 7776.00
2. W2 0.50 1.50 4.50 2400 8100.00 1.70 13770.00
3. W3 0.50 1.50 4.50 1800 6075.00 2.00 12150.00
∑w= 27135.00Kg.m 33696.00kg.m

Check against OVERTURINING: Factor of Safety (F.S.) = (Mr/Mo) = (33696.00/9103.25)

= 3.70 > 1.50 ……Hence Safe

Check against SLIDING: Factor of safety (F.S.) = ( µ x∑ W )/ Pa = (0.60 x27135.00 )/6068.83

= 2.68 > 1.50…….Hence Safe

Check against ECCENTRICITY: Centre of Gravity (X) = (Mr – Mo)/ ∑W

= (33696.00 – 9103.25)/27135.00 = 0.91

B/6 = 4.50/6 = 0.75

Eccentricity (e) = B/2 –(x) = 2.70/2 - 0.91

 = 0.44 < B/6 ……..Hence Safe .

PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION : P(maximum) =(∑W/B) x [1+(6xe/B)]

= (27135.00/2.70) x [1+(6 x 0.44/2.70)]
=19798.50Kg/m2
=19.79t/m2 < 20t/m2

< S.B.C of soil …….Hence Safe.

P(minimum) =(∑W/B) x [1- (6xe/B)]

= (27135.00/2.70)x[1-(6 x 0.44/2.70 )]
= 301.50Kg/m
= 0.30 t/m2< 20t/m2
< S.B.C of soil …….Hence Safe.

Junior Engineer Assistant Engineer Executive Engineer

DESIGN CALCULATION OF RETAINING WALL:

1. Height of Backfill (in mts.) = 4.50m
2. Width of Wall at Base (B in mts.) = 2.70m
3. Bearing Capacity of Soil (S.B.C) (in t/m2) = 20t/m2
4. Unit weight of Concrete (in t/m3) = 2.40t/m3
5. Unit weight of Backfill (in t/m3) = 18t/m3
6. Angle of Repose (in degree) = 300
7. Coefficient of Internal Friction (µ) = 0.60

Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure (Ka) = (1- sinØ)/ ( 1+ sinØ)

= (1- sinØ)/ ( 1+ sinØ)
= 0.333
Axtive Earth Pressure (Pa) = 0.50 x Ka x Y x H x H
= 0.50 x 0.333 x1800 x 4.50 x 4.50
= 6068.93Kg.m
Overturning Moment (Mo) = Pa x H/3
= 6068.93 X 4.50/3
= 9103.39Kg/m
Sr.no Weight (Kg/m) Lever Arm Resisting Moment
about “A” (MR) kg.m
1. W1 1.00 0.50 4.50 2400 5400.00 0.25 1350.00
2. W2 0.50 2.20 4.50 2400 11880.00 1.23 14612.40
3. W3 0.50 2.20 4.50 1800 8910.00 1.97 17552.70
∑w= 26190.00Kg.m 33515.10Kg.m

Check against OVERTURINING: Factor of Safety (F.S.) = (Mr/Mo) = (33515.10/9103.39)

= 3.68 > 1.50 ……Hence Safe

Check against SLIDING: Factor of safety (F.S.) = ( µ x∑ W )/ Pa = (0.60 x26190.00 )/6068.93

= 2.58 > 1.50…….Hence Safe

Check against ECCENTRICITY: Centre of Gravity (X) = (Mr – Mo)/ ∑W

= (33515.10 - 9103.39)/26190.00 = 0.93

B/6 = 2.70/6 = 0.45

Eccentricity (e) = B/2 –(x) = 2.70/2 - 0.93

 = 0.42 < B/6 ……..Hence Safe .

PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION : P(maximum) = (∑W/B) x [1+(6 x e/B)]

= (26190.00/2.70) x [1+ ( 6 x 0.42/2.70)]
=18721.00 Kg/m2
=18.72t/m2 < 20t/m2

< S.B.C of soil …….Hence safe.

P(minimum) = (∑W/B) x [1- (6 x e/B)]

= (26190.00/2.70) x [1-(6x0.42/2.70 )]
= 679.00Kg/m
= 0.68 t/m2< 20t/m2
< S.B.C of soil …….Hence safe.

Junior Engineer Assistant Engineer Executive Engineer

Name of work:- Construction of Storage Structures for the Agriculture purpose on the Sal river in the
Village Nuvem and Verna in Salcete Taluka (5nos.).

DATA:

1. High flood level : 100.550 mts. R.L.

2. Deepest bed level : 96.840 mts. R.L.

3. Bed slope of river : 1 in 185.00 (0.005400)

4. Bligh’s co-efficient for coarse grained sand ‘C’ : 12

5. Depth of water behind bandhara ‘H’ : 4.00 mts

6. Height of abutment : 4.50 mts

7. Surcharge angle : 20º

8. Bulk density saturated : 2000 Kg/m3

9. Angle of internal friction : 30º

10. Width of river at HFL : 35.00 mts

11. Wetted perimeter of river at HFL : 43.00 mts

12. S.B.C. of soil : 18 t/m2

13. Catchment area in Sq. kms : 5.187 Sq. kms

14. Existing waterway :35.00 m

15. Proposed waterway : 35.00 m

D ESIGN
Name of Work: Construction of Storage Structures for rejunivation and improvement of water quality
on the Sal river in Salcete Taluka.

(i) CALCULATION OF MAXIMUM FLOOD DISCHARGE OF THE RIVER :

High flood discharge level observed is upto 4.00 mts above bed level at cross-sectional (i.e. RL 96.00).
Cross-sectional area of river = 105.00m2
Wetted perimeter of river = 43.00mts
Bed slope of river = 1: 84

By Inglis Formula:

Q= 123 x A = 123 x 5.187 = 161.93 m3/sec

√ (A + 10.4) √ (5.187 + 10.4)

Where , A = Catchment area (sq. km) = 5.187

Q = Discharge in maximum flood

(ii) DESIGN OF APRON:

Data: (1) Storage Height = 4.00 m

(2) Bligh’s Co-efficient = C = 12

Total Creep length required as per Bligh’s Theory:

L = C x H = 12 x 4.00= 48.00 m

Length of downstream apron is given by:

L2 = 2.21 x C x √ (H/10) = 2.21 x 12 x √ (4.00/10) = 16.80 m
Hence provide 17.00m
iii) Calculations for depth of cut off :-

Depth of Down stream cutoff below HFL is given by :-

D2 = 1.50x R
Where R = Lacey’s Regime for scours depth.
R = 1.35 x (q2/f)1/3 where looseness factor is less 1.50
(Manual om Barrage and weirs on permeable foundation C.B.I.P, New –Delhi,October,1985) pg.no.73

Q = 1171.50/51.40 = 22.80

R = 1.35 x (22.80)1/3
1.50
= 10.33 ≈ 10.50m

Depth of D/S cut off = 1.5 x R = 1.5 x 10.50 =15.75m

R.L of bottom of D/S cut off = 103.00 - 15.75 = 87.25m

Depth of D/S cut off below bed level = 98.00-87.25 =10.75m

However provide minimum depth of cut off of 2.0mdepth on D/S side.

Depth of U/S cut off below HFL is given by

= 1.25 x R
= 1.25 x 10.50 = 13.13m

R.L. of bottom of U/S cut off = 103.00 -13.13 = 89.90

Depth of u/s cut off = 98.00 -96.00 = 2.00m

Provide Nominal cut off of 2.00m depth on u/s side

Length of u/s apron = L1 = L- L2 – (2x2xd1)

Length of Pier
= 48 - 16.80 –(4x2) -2
= 20.70m

In order to reduce the length of the apron ,it is proposed to provide an additional cut off of 1.0m depth
in the central portion of apron below the pier

Effective length of u/s apron

= 20.70 -2x1
= 18.70
Say =19.00m

iv) CALCULATION FOR APRON FLOOR THICKNESS

1. Unbalanced head at ‘A’ = 4.00 x 22.70 = 1.89
48.00
Thickness required = 1.33 x 1.89 = 1.79 m
2.40 -1.00
Hence provide thickness t =2.00mts.
2. Unbalanced head at ‘B’ = 4.00 x 17.70 = 1.48
48.00
Thickness required = 1.33 x 1.48 = 1.40 m
2.40 -1.00
Hence provide 1.50 m thickness.
(For 3.80 mts)

3. Unbalanced head at ‘C’ = 4.00 x 13.60 = 1.13m.

48.00
Thickness required = 1.33 x 1.13 = 1.07 m.
2.40 -1.00
Hence provide 1.20m thickness.
(For 3.80 mts)

4. Unbalanced head at ‘D’ =4.00 x 9.50= 0.79 m.

48.00
Thickness required = 1.33 x 0.60 = 0.75 m.
2.40 -1.00
Hence provide 0.90 m thickness (For 3.80 mts)

4. Unbalanced head at ‘E’ =4.00 x 5.40= 0.45m.

48.00
Thickness required = 1.33 x 0.45= 0.43m.
2.40 -1.00
Hence provide 0.60m thickness (For 3.80 mts)

v) Calculations for Talus Langth

 Length of d/s Talus:
D/S talus
L3 = 18 x C x H/10 X q/75
= 18 x 12 x 4.00/10 x22.80/75
= 26.26m
= 26.26-17.00
= 9.26m
say 10.00m
Hence Provide a length of 10.00m of d/s Talus.

Length of u/s Talus:

L4 = ½ x D/S talus length
= ½ x 10.00
= 5.00 m
Hence Provide a length of u/s Talus as 5.00 m

DESIGN OF PIER:

Weight of concrete = 2.40 t/m3

Velocity of flow during high flood = 2.80 m/sec
HFL = 4.00m above bed level
Pier height = 4.00 m

For calculating stresses only the straight portion of the pier will be considered:
 1. Stress at base due to self weight:
Self weight of the pier = 1.60 x 0.90 x 2.00 x 2.40 =6.9t/m3
Compressive stress at the base = 6.9 = (+) 4.8t/m2
0.90 x1.60

2. Effect of Buoyancy:
During high flood and when the bandhara is closed, the submerged volume of the pier
= 0.90 x 1.60 x 2.00= 2.88 m3
Stress at base due to buoyancy = 2.88 x 1.0 = (-) 2.00 t/m2
0.9 x 1.60
3. Stress due to hydrostatic force:
Hydrostatic force when bandhara is closed and there is no water to the downstream
= w x h2 = 1.0 x 2.00 x2.00 x 2.90 = 5.80t
2 2
Stress at base due to Buoyancy = 2.88x1 = -2.00t/m2
0.90x1.60
Therefore, Moment due to hydrostatic force = 5.80 x 2.00 = 3.87t-m
3
Therefore, Stress = M = 3.87 = (+ ) 10.08t/m2
Z (0.9 x 1.62)
6

4. Stress due to water current:

Intensity of pressure = 52 KV2
Where, K = constant depending upon the shape of pier
= 0.66 for piers with semi-circular cut waters
and, V = Velocity of flow = 2.80m/sec
Therefore, Intensity of pressure = 52 x 0.66 x 2.802 = 269.10 Kg/m2
Force due to water current when flow is parallel to the pier = 0.90 x 2.00 x 0.269

= 0.484 t
This force acts at a distance of 2/3 from the base.
Therefore, Moment = 0.484 x 2= 0.322 t-m
3

Z = (0.9 x 1.602)=0.384
6

Therefore, Stress = M = 2.37 = (+ ) 0.84t/m2

Z 0.384

If the current direction varies by 20º:

Then pressure parallel to pier = 269.10 x Cos 20 = 252.78 Kg/m2
Pressure perpendicular to the pier = 269.10 x Sin 20 =252.78 Kg/m2
Therefore, Force parallel to pier = 0.9 x 2.00 x 252.78= 455.00, i.e0.455t, acting at 2/3 above
base.
M= 0.455 x 2 = 0.303t/m
Therefore, Stress at base = M = 0.303 = (+ ) 0.789t/m2
Z 0.384

Force perpendicular to pier = 92.04 x 1.60 x 2.00= 0.29 t

Z = 1.60 x0.902 = 0.216

6

Therefore, Stress = 0.29x (2/3) = (+ ) 0.893t/m2

0.216

Therefore, Maximum stress due to water current = (+) 0.84 + 0.89

= (+) 1.73 t/ m2

Summary of Stresses:

No. Load Bandhara (Dry) Bandhara (Closed) During flood

1. Self weight (+) 4.80 (+) 4.80 (+) 4.80
2. Buoyancy - (-) 2.00 (-) 2.00
3. Hydrostatic force - (+) 10.08 -
4. Water Current - - (+) 2.68
Maximum Stress (+) 4.80 (+) 12.88 (+) 5.48
Minimum Stress (+) 4.80 (-) 7.28 (-) 0.12

Maximum Compressive Stress = 12.88 x10,000 t/m2 =0.129 N/mm2

1000 x 1000

Allowable Compressive Stress for M20 concrete is 5 N/mm2

Since Maximum Compressive Stress < Allowable Compressive stress, hence safe.

Maximum Tensile Stress = 10% of compressive stress

Allowable Tensile Stress = 10% of compressive stress = 5 x 0.10= 0.50 N/mm2

Since Maximum Tensile Stress < Allowable Tensile Stress, hence safe.

CHECK FOR STABILITY OF PIER:

ΣV = W = 1.60 x 0.90 x2.00 x 2.40 + π x 0.902 x 2.00 x 2.40 = 9.97 t
4

ΣMVA = 9.97 x 1.25 = 12.46 t-m

ΣH = PW = 1 x1.0 x 2.00 x 2.90 = 5.80t

2
ΣMHA = 5.80 x 2.00 = 3.87 t-m
3

Check for Overturning:

Factor of Safety = ΣMVA = 12.46 = 3.21 > 1.5……… hence safe.
ΣMHA 3.87

Junior Engineer Assistant Engineer Executive Engineer