Purposive Communication conveyed

5. Decoding – the process of interpreting the encoded message of

Effective communication is a key to interpersonal skill and by
the speaker by the receiver
learning how you can improve your communication has many
6. Receiver – the recipient of the message, or someone who
benefits.
decodes the message
It comes in many forms:
7. Feedback – the reactions, responses, or information provided
1. verbal communication
by the receiver
2. written communication
3. non-verbal communication 8. Context – the environment where communication takes place
4. visual communication
9. Barrier – the factors that affect the flow of communication
Verbal communication, which includes the use of language,
sounds, and tone of voice
NATURE OF COMMUNICATION
Non-verbal communication, which includes body language and
facial expressions
Written communication, such as through journals, emails, blogs, 1. Communication is a process.
and text messages 2. Communication occurs between two or more people (the
Visual communication, which involves signs, symbols, pictures, speaker and the receiver).
graphics, and emojis 3. Communication can be expressed through written or spoken
words, actions (nonverbal), or both
spoken words and nonverbal actions at the same time.
9 ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
1. Speaker – the source of information or message
2. Message – the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed by the
speaker in words or in actions
3. Encoding – the process of converting the message into words,
actions or other forms that the speaker understands
4. Channel – the medium or the means, such as personal or non-
personal, verbal or nonverbal, in which the encoded message is

BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Since communication is a two — way process, it is important that you
know the principles to be observed to make it effective. For both oral
and written communication, you should be able to apply the following
principles:
1. Know your purpose in communicating.
2. Know your audience.
3. Know your topic.
4. Adjust your speech or writing to the context of the situation.
5. Work on the feedback given to you.
PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE ORAL COMMUNICATION
1. Be clear about your purpose. You should know by heart your
objective in communicating.
2. Be complete with the message you deliver. Make sure that
your claims are supported by facts and essential information.
3. Be concise. You do not need to be verbose or were they with
your statements. Brevity in speech is a must.
4. Be natural with your delivery. Punctuate important words with
appropriate gestures and movements. Exude a certain degree of
confidence if you do not feel confident enough.
5. Be specific and timely with your feedback. Inputs are most
helpful when provided on time.
7 C’S PRINCIPLE OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
1. Be clear
2. Be concise
3.Be concrete
4. Be correct
5. Be coherent
6. Be complete
7. Be courteous
Audience Analysis
A key element in effective communication is audience analysis.
“Audience” here does not only refer to the people listening to you in a
public speech.
Rather, it refers to anyone who is expected to receive the message you
are sending.
Knowing the audience, understanding their level and how they need
to receive the information – also known as skills on audience analysis
Another aspect that needs consideration in analyzing the audience is
identifying and trying
to overcome possible communication barriers.
These are not confined to physical noise (cars passing by,
someone pounding on the table) and physiological issues (an upset
stomach), but could also include cultural difference, varying levels of
expectations and experiences, and difference in perspectives and
communication styles.
Principles of Effective Communication
Effective communication requires a certain level of connection
between and among people, allowing a series of exchanges of thoughts
and emotions, eventually leading to mutual understanding. In order
for that to happen, the following principles must be observed.
Clarity. This pertains to both the message and the purpose why the
message has to be sent. The message should be clear by using
appropriate language and communication channels, but equally
important is that the reason for sending and receiving the message
must be understood by both sender and receiver.
Conciseness. The message should be as brief as may be required
depending on one’s purpose, especially in most modern contexts in
the business and academic fields where time is of the essence.
Completeness. Despite its conciseness, the message should still be
complete and accurate. Whenever necessary, background information
should be given to provide better context; facts and observations may
also be helpful.
Organization. Effective communication is usually planned in order to
ensure the systematic flow of ideas and transition from one point to
another. There are instances, however, when communication is
impromptu, but this should not be an excuse for an organized
presentation of ideas.
Empathy. The sender of the message should be sensitive to the needs
and interests of the receiver. In case of face-to-face communication,
the speaker must always be conscious of the reaction of the listener
and adjust his/her communication strategy accordingly.
Flexibility. Different people have different communication styles, and
consequently, different expectations. Effective communicators know
how to adapt to the varying needs and expectations of their audience,
and modify the message or the way the message is sent to avoid
misunderstanding or misinterpretation.