PURCOM
across various communications.
Communication - It is the mutual exchange of
information, ideas, and understanding by any effective
means.
Verbal Communication - It includes face-to-face
conversations, speech, telephonic conversation, video,
radio, television, voice over internet.
Non-Verbal - Is the sending or receiving of wordless
messages. Such as gestures, body language, posture,
tone of voice or facial expressions.
Elements of Communication
1. Sender - She/He may be called the source,
encoder, speaker, or communicator
2. Message - It may consist of ideas, opinion,
information, feeling or attitude of the sender.
3. Chanel - A pathway or medium through which
the message travels to reach its destination.
4. Receiver - A person or medium through which
the message travels to reach its destinations.
5. Feedback - The receiver's response that
provides information to the sender
6. Noise - A form of distortion, barrier, or obstacle
that occurs in an of the oral communication
process.
7. Adjustment - Done if the message is distorted
or is not clearly understood by the receiver.
8. Context - It is the situation from which the
communication is done.
Impacts of Globalization on Communication
1. Virtual Interaction
2. Cultural awareness in speech
3. Cultural awareness in Body language
4. Time Differences
Impacts of Globalization on Global Communication
1. Availability of information
2. Business Conduct
3. Social awareness
4. The problem
Communication Principles
 Clarity - Ensure your message is clear and easy
to understand.
 Conciseness- Express your ideas in a brief and
to-the-point manner.
 Consistency- Maintain a uniform message
 Courtesy- Be polite and respectful in your
interactions.
 Concreteness- Use specific facts and details to
enhance understanding.
 Completeness- Provide all necessary
information for a comprehensive
understanding.
 Consideration- Take into account the needs
and perspectives of your audience.
 Correctness- Ensure accuracy in your message
to build trust and credibility.
 Feedback- Encourage and be receptive to
feedback for effective communication.
 Listening- Actively listen to understand others
and respond appropriately.
Communication Ethics
Ethics - deals with values relating to human conduct,
with respect to the rightness and wrongness of certain
actions and to the goodness and badness of the motives
and ends of such actions
Fundamental of ethical communication
 Responsible thinking
 Decision making
 Development of relationships and communities
1. Contexts
2. Cultures
3. Channels
4. Media
Unethical communication – threatens the quality of all
communication and consequently the individuals and
the society.
Types of unethical communication
1. Coercive
2. Destructive
3. Deceptive
4. Intrusive
5. Secretive
6. Manipulative-exploitative
Principles of Ethical Communication
 Advocate
 Truthfulness, Accuracy, Honesty
 Endorse freedom of expression
  Strive to understand 2. Physical Disabilities
 Promote Access to communication 3. Psychological Barriers
 Promote communication climates of caring and  Lack of attention
mutual understanding  Poor retention of communication
 Condemn Communication  Lack of trust
 Closed mind
CODE OF ETHICS - are moral guidelines that are used to
4. Interpersonal Barriers
help assist people in making decisions, to tell the
 Gender issues
difference between 'right' and 'wrong' and to utilize this
 Completion on environment
understanding to make ethical choices
 Culture
3 Level of code of ethics
Ethics in Communication
1. Code of ethics (social issues)
 respect privacy and confidentiality
2. Code of conduct (influence to behavior of
 Actively listen
employees)
 Strive to understand
3. Code of practice (professional responsibility)
 Avoid negative tone
Types of communication  Do not interrupt
 Speak from your own experience
 Verbal
 Speak from the truth
 Non-Verbal
 Accept responsibility
 Intrapersonal
 Interpersonal Forms of Non-Verbal communication
 Extended
1. Kinesis – body movement, facial expression
 Intercultural
2. Chronemics – value in space and structure
 Organization
of time
 Written
3. Proxemics – interpersonal intimate contact
General Purpose of effective communication when socialization happens
4. Paralinguistic – tone of your voice and
 Purpose
volume
 Audience 5. Haptics – communication in touch
 Topic 6. Oculesics – communication through eyes.
 Adjust your speech/writing to the context of the
situation
 Work with your feedback

Principles of effective oral communication

 Be clear with your purpose

 Be complete with the message
 Be concise
 Be natural
 Be specific and timely

Barriers of communication

1. Physical Barriers
 Noise
 Temperature
 Medium Disturbance
 Work place