BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY (Prelims) BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

It is known as the “Chemistry of Life”. It is the

body of science which is concerned with the
Introduction to Biological Chemistry
study of the chemical processes that occur in
living organisms. Additionally, it also puts
emphasis on the various molecules that occur in
SCIENCE living cells and organisms and their chemical
It is known as a systematized body of knowledge reactions.
based on truths and facts. It is a catalogue of Aside from its aim to describe and explain the
observations to understand the world around us chemical processes in living cells, it also puts
and used experimentation to explain emphasis on the structure and function of these
observations and questions. compounds such as the metabolism and
regulation. Additionally, it also gives concern
with how life began.
Three Branches of Science
Biological Chemistry is essential to all life science
Natural Science Applied Science Social Science as common knowledge. This branch of science
deals with matters such as Genetics, Cell Biology,
Molecular Biology, Physiology, Immunology,
It deals with It deals with It deals with Pharmacology, Pharmacy.
the the human
understanding application of behavior in its Furthermore, this particular branch of Science
and theoretical social and talks about the structure and function of cellular
description of science. cultural components such as proteins, carbohydrates,
nature. aspects. lipids, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules. It
It is also covers gene expression and modulation
It deals with composed of It includes
such as DNA, RNA, Protein. Adenine, Cytosine,
the study of Medicine, Politics,
Thymine, Guanine.
living and Engineering, Economics,
non-living Nursing, and History,
organisms. Architecture, Geography,
etc. Psychology,
Natural etc.
Science is
divided into
two branches:

1. Biological
Science

2. Physical
Science
These are some of the branches of Biological reticulum, ribosome,
Chemistry: Golgi bodies, etc.

It deals with the It deals with

composition, molecules of life,
properties, and Molecular Biology properties, functions,
reactions of energy released from
compounds in bonds and structure
animals as well the of molecules.
functions of cells,
Animal Biochemistry inheritance study,
disease diagnosis, Study of immune
extraction of energy system. It talks about
from food and the structure of
utilization of immunity and its
compounds for body function. It also gives
growth and emphasis to
development of chemicals that are
animals. Immunology responsible for
immune system,
which cells are
This branch of responsible for body
Biochemistry defense, how
includes invaders attack it, as
photosynthesis, well as what are
conversion of glucose pathogens and how
to other products to cope with them.
Plant Biochemistry generation of heat,
respiration and
glycolysis study as
well as chemical It covers studies with
effects of diseases regards to DNA, RNA,
with the needs and translation of RNA to
functions of Bio proteins, Biochemical
elements. Genetics unity, genetic
abnormalities,
mutations of all
It studies the kinds.
components of cell,
structure and
functions of It deals with the
Cell Biology organelles, the questions of what
coordination among Enzymology enzymes are, what
various components are their functions,
such as nucleus. how enzymes act
Mitochondria, together, what are
endoplasmic the different types of
 enzymes, how THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
enzymes work, and
It refers to the process used to gather answers to
how enzymes speed
questions about the world around us. There are a
up the reactions and
total of six basic steps in scientific methods. It involves
to what extent.
the following steps:
An enzyme is a
biological catalyst Determine the
and is almost always problems that need to
a protein. It speeds Statement of the be solved. We need to
up the rate of a Problem use observation for us
specific chemical to be able to formulate
questions regarding the
reaction in the cell.
topic.
The enzyme is not
destroyed during the
reaction and is used After determining the
over and over. problems, we would
need to formulate
assumptions or
It studies the sum of educated guess that is
all reactions taking related to our
place in the cells. questions.
Additionally, it also
There are two types of
deals with catabolism
hypotheses. The null
A + Anabolism. The Formulation of and alternative
former refers to the Hypothesis. hypothesis. The former
Metabolism breakdown of larger refers to the
molecules while the assumptions which
latter refers to the state that there is no
formation of larger significant relationship
molecules. It also between the first
discusses glycolysis, variable and the second
one while the latter
protein formation in
agrees that there is a
the body, and significant relationship
Biogenetics. between them.

We need to conduct
hypothesis testing or
experimentation.
Before conducting the
experimentation, we
Conduct experiment or would need to
testing hypothesis. determine the proper
variables. There are
three types of variables,
dependent,
independent, and
controlled variable.
 Independent variables
are those that can be
manipulated,
dependent variables
refer to those which are
being measured,
controlled variables
remain consistent over
time.

After the experiment,

Record and analyze the the results need to be
results. analyzed and recorded.
Tables or graphs can be
used for recording data.

Making conclusions
would be necessary. It
Creating conclusions includes acceptance
and rejection of
conclusion.

Share your findings with

other people which may
Report the findings. help future researchers
with their studies that
may have connections
with your research.