Reading 1

Humans can live about a month without food but only a few days without water. Because 70
percent of the human body is water, weight loss in some quick diets is dramatic due to water
loss. Of all the water globally, only about 2.5 percent is fresh, and two-thirds of this is locked up
in glaciers and ice caps. Nobody knows how much water is underground or in permafrost. All life
on earth is sustained by a fraction of one percent of the world’s water. If a five-liter jug (about 1.3
gallons) represented the world’s water, the available freshwater would not fill a teaspoon.

Choose answers from letter A-D from questions 1-5.

1.What is the percentage of water available in the human body?

A. 80%
B. 70%
C. 46%
D. Between 45% and 60%
2. How much fresh-water is locked up in glaciers?

A.Two-third

B. One-fourth

C.Two-fourth

C. One-third
3. What percentage of the Earth’s water supports life?

A. Fraction of one percent

B. 2.5%
C. 1.2%
D. None of the above
4. What causes dramatic weight-loss?

A. Water loss in the body.

B. Intake of excess electrolytes.
C. Excess workout.
D. A balanced diet and regular exercise.
5. How much of the world’s water is freshwater?

A. 3.5%
B. 0. 3%
C. 1.2%
D. None of the above

Key: 1 – B. 2 – A. 3 – A. 4- A. 5 - D
Reading 2
The common myth about sleep is that the body requires less sleep the older we get. Whilst It is
true that babies need 16 hours compared to 9 hours and 8 hours respectively for teenagers and
adults, this does not mean that older people need less sleep. However, what is true is that for a
number of different factors, they often get less sleep or find their sleep less refreshing. This is
because as people age, they spend less time in the deep, restful stages of sleep and are more
easily awakened. Older people are also more likely to have medical conditions that affect their
sleep, such as insomnia, sleep apnea, and heart problems. Sleep patterns can be broken down
into two separate and distinct stages – REM and NREM sleep.

Choose answers from letters A-D next to questions 1-5.

1.How many hours of sleep does a baby require ?

A. More than 9 hours

B. Less than 12 hours
C. More than or equal to 16 hours
D. 17 hours
2. Identify the stages of sleep pattern.

A. Rapid eye movement (REM sleep)

B. Non-rapid eye movement (NREM sleep)
C. Neither A nor B
D. Both A & B
3. What are the medical conditions that may affect the sleeping pattern of older people?

A. Insomnia
B. Sleep apnea
C. Heart problems
D. All of the above
4. From the passage, what is the common myth about sleep?

A. Your brain shuts down during sleep

B. Adults don’t sleep more with age
C. Adults and older people can manage with minimal hours of sleep.
D. All of the above
5. How many hours of sleep are required for teenagers and adults?

A. 9 hours to 12 hours
B. 7 hours to 9 hours
C. 9 hours to 8 hours
D. 5 hours to 7 hours.

Key: 1.C 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. C
Reading 3
The first telescopes built in the early 1600s were very primitive inventions allowing the user to
see around 3-times further than the naked eye. It was not too long, however, until Italian
astronomer Galileo heard about the invention ‘that through use of correctly-positioned lenses,
allowed people to see things a long way away. The tools used in the manufacturing of the first
refracting telescope were all Galileo needed to know and within 24 hours he had developed a
better one. In fact, the process of improvements Galileo made on Lippershey’s telescope was
quite dramatic. Whereas the original version had a magnification of 3, the new telescope had a
magnification of around 30. Galileo achieved these extraordinary results by figuring out the
combination of the positions of the lenses and also by making his own lenses that were of better
quality. Although he originally thought they were stars, the better quality lenses – and some
scientific analysis – enabled him to eventually use his telescopes to see the moons of Jupiter.
Galileo’s refracting telescopes – so-called due to the way they handled the light that passed
through them – were the standard at that time.

Choose answers from letter A-D next to questions 1-5.

1.When was the first primitive telescope invented?

A. Late 1700s
B. Early 1600s
C. 1709
D. 1609
2. What did Galileo wanted to know?

A. Tools used in the making of a refracting telescope

B. How many magnification lenses was used
C. Both A & B
D. None of the above
3. How many magnification lenses were used by Galileo in the manufacturing of
telescopes?

A. Less than 30 lenses

B. Exactly 30 lenses
C. More than 30 lenses
D. Nearly 30 lenses
4. What enabled Galileo to see the moons of Jupiter through his telescope?

A. Good quality lenses

B. Scientific examination
C. Both A & B
D. None of the above
5. How many hours did it take for Galileo to develop an improved telescope?

A. Around 24 hours
B. Exactly 24 hours
C. More than 24 hours
D. Less than 24 hours

Key: 1.B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. D
 Reading 4

In many industrial or manufacturing workplaces, managing hazards is essential for a

successful health and safety system. Hazard management is an ongoing process that
goes through five different stages, with each step becoming a stage on a tire hazard
management plan. The first step is to identify potential hazards, remembering that
hazards are classed as anything that could potentially cause harm not only to people but
also to the organization. To illustrate, an industrial accident can cause an injury to
employees, but can also result in lost production, broken machinery, and wasted
resources for the company, In many cases, local and national government legislation has
strict regulations concerning hazard identification, and in many industries, especially
those perceived to be dangerous, severe penalties can be incurred by companies
overlooking such hazard identification.

Choose answers from letters A-D next to questions 1-5.

1.Why is managing hazards essential in industrial or manufacturing workplaces?

A. For well-being and protection of the workers

B. For health reasons
C. For workplace safety
D. All the above
2. According to the passage, how many stages should hazard management undergo?

A. Five distinct stages

B. More than five stages
C. Almost five different stages
D. More or less than five stages
3. What is the first step of a hazard management plan?

A. Evaluate the risks involved

B. Analyze the harm
C. Both A & B
D. Recognize the risks involved
4. What are the risks involved in an industrial accident?

A. Injuries to the workers

B. Enormous impact on the economy
C. Loss of productivity
D. Both A & C
5. According to the passage, on what basis has the government imposed strict
regulations on the industries?

A. Danger to the life of workers

B. Failing to observe hazards
C. Recognition of threats
D. None of the above

Key: 1.D 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. C