Jaipur Service Company
Dr. Nikhil GOVIL Department of
Computer Engineering & Application
Raghav Gupta
B.Tech computer science
Specialization in AIML
Abstract: Today, people is move towards digital
world so they are used various E-commerce
application . our project is also a E-commerce
service based application which has aim of provide
on demand services to people available on smart
phone application and web based services . Our
aim is to design an application which helps a needy
people to find a service worker very easily in a cost
efficient manner. We will design a Jaipur Service
Company. It will provide a list of worker to a
particular selected category and use the will be
Workers are also available at their near locations.
and they can provide. if no worker is available near.
the consumer do. finding worker radius or the area
is increased. gradually so that we will find a new
worker for the consumer help. Now a days Our
travel , eat , shop and even dating all has undergone
a tremendous change so we can design Interactive
Android application. named as Jaipur Service
Company Love in the marketplace. for on demand
service available. through a smartphone app.
Today on demand solution have proven blessings to
everyone. in all the environment condition . Our
Jaipur based company provide the advanced
technology to the younger generation which fulfill
the demands everything to happen instantly
anywhere at anytime. Jaipur service company
provides everything Add their doorstep whether
it’s in South Cleaning, or innovation, plummy
assistance, appliance repair or electric application
of fitness coaches who come to them. method of
providing services. is being changed as a result.
Customer demand exchanges rapidly. Jaipur based
company involved in customer needs and technical
improvement on demand app development
emerged. The cost of a worker or an employee. is
checked. or calculated by our system dynamically
after considering a different parameter, a final
causeway despite to the consumer for which the
cost of the worker or helper is minimized. The main
idea behind this if two dynamic prices is applied on
the user order to overcome a left salary problems
of the worker and also provided a cheap and the
best experience labor or helper to the consumer.
As the name suggest, our company is a service based
company, which provided a platform to the consumer for
which. a consumer can hire a professional for your
household course at your fingertips. Jaipur service
company is a local Jaipur based company which provided
a services in the Jaipur marketplace. Jaipur based
company provides on demand in build services. with all the
essential features. For example, got a leakage issue at
home. Higher a plumber near at your locality who will fix
Anukul Gangwar
B.Tech computer Science
specialization in AML
Raghav Mittal
B.Tech computer Science
specialization in AML
in on time with a minimum wages got an issue with an AC
call and ear conditional expert who will fix your AC just a
few minutes near right by your location. with a minimum
cost a consumer has no problem regarding a finding a
worker to fix their applications. or their household
products similarly these apps help in fixing the problem of
corporate house cleaning home Appliance and all other
household problems.
Keywords— On-demand services, consumer satisfaction,
sustainability, wages.
I. NEED OF THE STUDY
Now people increasingly move toward the technology so
they need a platform for their needs reaching. which includes
a shopping, dining, even dating. Know the youth demand on
demand services platform, which provided. on demand
services to the pupil according to their needs and help. in their
common livelihood In this context, we are defining a Jaipur
service. This company, which is easily accessible by all the
pupils, have efficiency to provide a service provision and it is
a localized problem. solution which focused on provided based
solution to the human with the cost efficient way in their
livelihoods. The rapid evolution of technology makes a Jaipur
service company. a new term for adapting the human changing
demands behavior. and New South the customer experience
through which company has addressing all the demand and
their needs for their own demand services platform named as
Jaipur Service Company platform It’s a simple Pupil friendly
platform in which user can. demand its basic needs like
plumbing, furnishing, carpentering, painting and Etc. services
in their local peoples.
II. INTRODUCTION
Today is the world dependent on tech All we can say fully
hi-tech world . As a group of the technologies, it increases day
by day. So the concept of working is Exchanging and so is the
future of work and employment and production is also
changes With this, we can introduce our project that is served.
on service demand platform named as Jaipur Service
Company, which provided New trend in the market of on
demand application. The demand of home based services. is
increased day by day. to increase these demand. home service
application will be rapidly the old age people are not going for
any worries anymore, The trusted cost efficient A home
service application with professional qualification and
personal quality. and fixed everything. at your home in very
efficient way. Now the problem is with the growth of city and
urbanization. the problem of Abbudance of low cost worker
and finding a worker for their used like painting.
Carpentering. preparing. lumbering and Etcetera purposes. is
most difficult challenge in the urban or metropolitan city of
Global. World people are constantly in a hurry. and want to in such a way that it will help in. organizing ,Support
fix their program at any cost, immediately They do not have reasoning user friendly and behaviour of the system
time to find a labor for their work. They are busy with their
everyday calculus and their work life balance to maintain this IV.I. Architectural Design
problem. Jaipur service company is available in the Metro The architecture design of the Jaipur Service Company is a
City of Rajasthan. which provides a solution of this program. representation of the. working and its Organized way to To
enriched at their home or doorstep to help you with this. Jaipur make it user friendly for the people and work efficiently. with
Service company has aimed to implement a contract based that, the basic architecture system design a mobile app
model for the people in the Jaipur, the pink city of Rajasthan. application server which is client side on Internet service
Jaipur service company has the ability of the on demand provide For and which connect to the server in the database
services economy to make everyone happy, including service of the. of the architecture represent the design of the system
providing services. providers and customers happiness to and mobile application of the Jaipur service based company.
receive essential service at their convenience is a major factor
of its success. The home services connect the local services to
the consumer while maximizing the benefits of a technology
with the cost efficient and less complicate manner With the
cost efficient method. Now the problem of finding a local
worker to help in their problem is very efficient with the
Jaipur service based company. Jaipur service company is the
IOS and app based application which is Which is commonly
used in Iphone And Smart phone Providing efficiency to the
human. it is designed. by HTML, CSS Javascript, angular
framework, Ionic framework, and firebase for its backend
efficiency.

III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

Jaipur Service company is an integrated app base service
marketplace that connects a customer to the service
professional. The People or the person Which participate in
the whole process is. consist of worker and a client The IV.II Use-Case Diagram
administration of the Jaipur service based company have
access to manage a customer and the worker. Jaipur services Use Case diagram provide a high level overview of the
company is used in. both iphone and a smartphone app. First, functionality of the system. This. system which indicate
a user can download this Jaipur service company application how the user can interact with the system through various
use cases. to achieve its goal and target the use case
from the play store and the ios store. Then a login page can
diagram also help in to identify clarify and the organize
open in which a user can log in through their mobile number. the system requirement by visualizing the interaction
The user can receive an OTP to confirm the identity of. its between users and the system. The use case diagram of a
number then it should be redirect on the login page. where Jaipur service company has four basic part which include
using can register itself. by a three simple steps. that is actor actor , usecase , system boundary and interaction. In
registered their name. the agenda and its current address. this diagram, a actor represents. a customer interacting
Jaipur service ensure that the address. which was entered by system. It’s an visual representation of the whole Jaipur
service company model.
the user. is genuine. so it can help it out. in very efficient way.
The administration has also. verify all the details. of the user.
The administration of a access. over the customer and the
worker system ported. in the Jaipur company. The major
categories of service is cleaning, painting and installation. A
user can select according to their needs. so that the worker
can help it down. at the minimum cost acquisition price for
that system. A user can select according to their need. What
he and she want to do. at their apartment Firstly, the odd
consultant team. come at the customer home. or address? to
respect the area. The whole charges for this inspection is
minimum. After the inspection. they tell the charges in the
appointment date. of the worker. A user can add. all the
services which he and she want to do at your home. user can
add all the services at the cart and book now with the
minimum wages. The description and the type features is also
available at the cart so a user can explain at efficient way to
the consultant people. after the user can buy the consultation
of the Jaipur Service Company A company will send a
consultant people to the user home . The whole process is
confirmed by the vacant team and send its consultant as soon as
possible.

IV. MPLEMENTATION
The implementation of a Jaipur service company design
is a user friendly. so that a customer and a worker can
use according to. their work. the whole formal
description and the representation of system is designed
 IV.III Modular Design

Designed represented the modality and the

functionality of a Jaipur service based company.
which separate. the modules of the admin in the
user panel. in a separate blocks according to their
functions and action to achieve the customer
satisfaction and goals The modular design. helps
in view development. and the maintenance
capability of the application It create an
independent in the reuse modules of the
components The modular design contains four
midpoints. which are modules, that is a subdivide
systems then admin. user panel and the
functionality of the Jaipur service company

IV.v Sequence Diagram

Sequence diagram. illustrate. the object. that how it

interacts with the particular systems with the time the
diagram will the order in a very dynamic way. The sequence
of Jaipur beef company is below:

IV.iv Data Flow Diagram

Dataflow diagram is the important part for

representing the flow of control of the system,
including how the data enter how its is used to
represent the data. Dft diagram help in the.
understanding. the manner that how the system
work process from from the beginning to the end.
They are the essential components of the system
which indicate data processing with a different IV.vi. Control Diagram
component entity and symbol Or we can say DFT
represent a flow of process of the data proof. Control flow diagram represent the flow of control that
provides information of what input and input how the system will work. They help in understanding the
hierarchy of data There is no set of rules for logical view of operations, decision and action that the
defining a data flow diagram. to represent a Jaipur system react on it. It help. in visualizing. and analyzing the
service company. flow of data We will design level components of the system. which focus on the object
zero level 1 dataflow diagram. which explain how interaction
a data enter and exit from the system
 the user need user can select the service from it .

V.i. payment page

V. Result

Jaipur service company is an app – based service

marketplace that connects customer to service
professional. Their strategy is to connect more and more
number of customers to use the platform of Urban Clap
to make their life more easy and comfortable

V.i. login page

user can login through their their mobile no after that

it will examine that user is new or old if user is existing user
then it will show old data otherwise user can add their
detaiks like name , address .

V.i. services page

in this page user can add services and after selecting the
services all the these services will show in their cart and
user can make a payment of their services

CONCLUSION

From the above result. we can conclude that. Need of

the service. play an important role in the today’s tech
market. to be received either in person or in
this is service page of Jaipur service company which will show unattended way. If making simple by a chapel service
what kind of services we provides to the user and according to company, for being a convenient and cost efficient
manner. to the people the expert also mention and Management, 4(11), 265-27
that in home services it increases. Jaipur
service company has their own strategy. If to
connect more and more number of customers
to use the platforms To make their life more
easy and comfortable. with the rise in the
nuclear family and dual couple. the Jaipur
company focused on customers is to spend a
quality time with their families. whenever
possible a services at their doom step at one
click of on their phone is welcoming the
change accepted by the customer today. giving
a rise to the business model. like Jaipur
service company There are many platform
coming in the same manner. like urban clap,
Forex, Handyman, etc. which has also is a
integrated app based service. offer a pest
prevention with the safer, orderless and
environmentally services. to their customer
approved by national and international
organizations. However, the success of these
business is well dependent how successfully
they can help the expectation of its customers
and reduce their pain and provide the overall
healing satisfaction to its customer.

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 Furthermore, the model integrates the CCTV Depending on the user's preferences, the completed model
camera using RTSP and delivers the detections to the
rest API in the JSON file format or telegram port,
which makes the process highly configurable and
easy to use. The resulting video canbe configured
as per the user's needs, and the frequency of different
categories of animals can be counted to provide
more insights.

Several key points should be highlighted,

including the use of various machine learning and
deep learning algorithms, the implementation of the
model on different types of wildlife, and the use of
RTSP for CCTV camera integration. The integration
with the telegram port or API server to send
encoded results in the JSON file format for
clarification of animal presence is also critical.

Overall, this study offers a potential method for

employing deep learning algorithms to identify
wildlife, which can lessen conflict between people
and animals by identifying animals early and
enabling prompt intervention to avoid unwanted
interactions. Farmers who will use it can also protect
their crops and avoid financial damages. Digital
fence can also lessen the need for physical barriers
and animal relocation, which can be expensive and
logistically difficult.

The rest of the paper is organized as follows:

Section II discusses the literature review followed by
Section III, which explains the proposed
methodology; Section IV discusses the results and
analysis. Finally, section V concludes the research
paper and provides direction for future work.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

This literature review discusses the growing

human- animal conflicts and the demand for
monitoring and safeguarding animal welfare. It
suggests using deep learning and machine learning
algorithms to identify wildlife and stop possible
threats to people and farms. The assessment
emphasizes the factors that lead to conflicts between
people and wildlife, including deforestation, an
increase in livestock, poaching, and climate change,
as well as the effects of these factors on animals
and communities; including damage to economies,
safety, livelihoods and food security. It is dangerous
and may violate animal welfare rights to monitor
and control animals using conventional or coercive
ways. Consequently, using sensors, cameras, GPS,
drones, unmanned aerial vehicles, and ground
vehicles can improve physical security, human
property protection, and monitoring of animal
welfare. The review addresses several techniques for
tracking animals, including RFID, GPS, and drones
with cameras, and it focuses on their drawbacks and
difficulties. In order to detect wildlife and avert
potential danger to people and farmlands, the
review's conclusion suggests using machine learning
and deep learning algorithms, specifically the
YOLO object detection technique. The suggested
model includes picking animal classes, gathering
image datasets, annotating them, data preprocessing,
enhancing the data, developing models and setting up
the code to run on any GPU accelerator device.

can be coupled with a camera and provide detections to the
REST API in the JSON file format or telegram port.
Using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), digital fencing
is a novel approach to resolving conflicts between people and
wildlife. Devi and Madheswaran created the WSN-based
technology known as "Smart Fencing" to monitor and manage
animal invasions. The system detects the presence of animals
and alerts the control unit usinga combination of infrared
and ultrasonic sensors. A deterrent device, such as an alarm or
sprinkler, is then turned on by the control unit to prevent
animals from accessing the protected area [3].
Digital fencing was proposed by Kumar and Sivakumar as
a long-term approach to wildlife management. In order to
encourage cohabitation between people and animals, the study
emphasized the significance of striking a balance between
human activity and conservation efforts. The authors
addressed the various digital fencing technologies and their
uses in managing wildlife, including Radio- Frequency
IDentification (RFID), Global Positioning systems (GPS), and
WSNs [4].
Comita and Robbins reviewed the most recent technological
advancements and how they were used in wildlife management.
The study explored the possible advantages and disadvantages
of digital fencing technology, including potential effects on
animal behavior, decreased human-wildlife conflict, and better
safety for both people and wildlife [5].
After collecting and preparing the dataset as discussed earlier,
we passed the dataset images into the YOLO v5 custom object
detection model. “YOLO v5 is the latest version of the YOLO
(You Only Look Once) algorithm, which is a popular and
widely used deep learning algorithm for object detection tasks.”
YOLO v5 is a family of compound-scale object detection models
that have been trained on the COCO (Common Objects in
Context) dataset. It includes simple functionality for Test Time
Augmentation (TTA), which helps to improve the accuracy of
object detection by generating multiple versions of the input
images during testing. Additionally, it also includes
functionality for model assembling, hyperparameter evolution,
and export to ONNX, CoreML, and TFLite, which makes it
a very versatile and flexible deep learning model for object
detection tasks.
The YOLO v5 model was trained on our custom dataset, which
consisted of images of different categories of animals. The
model was trained using transfer learning, which is a popular
technique in deep learning that involves using a pre-trained
model as a starting point and fine-tuning it on a new dataset.
This allowed us to leverage the knowledge and features
learned by the pre-trained model and adapt it to our specific
animal detection task. Fig 1, Shares the proposed model of the
paper.

Kahuga and Muraya evaluated the efficiency of digital

fencing in minimizing the conflict between people and wildlife
in Kenya. The authors investigated on how digital fencing
affected elephant behavior and evaluated how well the device
functioned to keep elephants out of agricultural fields. The
financial benefits of digital fencing as a low-cost strategy to
lessen conflict between people and wildlife were also addressed
in the paper [6].

Overall, digital fencing has the potential to be a successful and

long-lasting method of resolving conflicts between people
and wildlife. The use of physical barriers can be diminished
thanks to technology, which can also allow real- time monitoring
and management of animal behavior. However, more study is
required to assess the effectiveness over the long run and the
potential adverse effects of digital fencing on animal behavior
and ecosystem dynamics.

III. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY Fig. 1. Flow Chart of the model.

The methodology for digital fencing is divided into six phases
namely data collection phase, data augmentation phase, Image
Annotation and Acquisition phase, Model training and
detection processing phase, IOU implementation phase, and
Integration with the Camera phase. Fig. (1) depicts the research
approach, which we followed for digital fencing.
A. Data Collection
The dataset preparation for animal detection is a crucial part of
any deep-learning project. In our project, we made sure to use
a well-balanced dataset of images for training, validation and
testing purposes. As mentioned earlier, there are various ways to
collect data and create a dataset. We

chose to collect our dataset from open-source images, video
frame extractions and available datasets.
Our dataset had approximately 10,000 images of sevendifferent
categories of animals that we focused upon, including bear,
wild boar, tiger, leopard, elephant, deer, and macaque. We
wanted to ensure that the dataset was well balanced, so we
included approximately 1300 images of each category of
animal. The dataset was divided into three parts - the training set,
validation set, and testing set - in a ratio of 7:1:2 respectively.
This allowed us to train our models effectively and also
evaluate the performance of our modelson new and unseen
data.
To simulate the night vision of the cameras, we also used
grayscale images in our dataset. This was important as we
wanted to make sure that our models could work effectively in
low-light conditions as well. The dataset was required to be
balanced and unbiased. The number of day and night images
were kept of necessary amount to make sure that our model
works perfect in both day as well as night when the animal
attacks are prominent.
The balancing of the dataset was a very important task as it is
mandatory to train the model equally for all the selected classes.
There should be generalization and equality in images for an
unbiased classification. This was necessary for the proper
classification of animals that look similar in person and also that
boosted our precision and recall value.
B. Dataset Augmentation
The open source images, camera video clips of animals and
openly available images of the animals were the major source
for our model’s training, testing, and validation. The major
problem with these images was their raw nature and unclear
motive. Most of these images were not fit for the training
purpose or were of too low quality. The images were then to
be scrapped out. The quality images were left to around 10,000,
1300 for each class. The images were than annotated according
to the required format of annotations for YOLOv5. The
annotation part was done through the Roboflow software. This
was the most crucial, time consuming and important part of the
whole project as the quality of dataset determines the working
of the model in the long run. Open sources could only give us
raw images but without data refining and image annotation the
training was not possible. So, the dataset was then converted to
the annotation format of the algorithm used.
C. Image Annotation and Acquisition
Even after the refining of the images, without the proper tool
for annotation, it is practically very difficult to annotate a whole
dataset of 10,000 images. Thus, we used Roboflow for the
annotation process. “Roboflow is a Computer Vision developer
framework for better data collection to preprocessing, and
model training techniques.” Annotation includes labelling of the
selected object in a bounding box that gets a class label. This
label is the actual way that the deep learning learns and
distinguish the classes. Using roboflow was a great advantage
for us and it helped us manage the dataset easily.
RoboFlow being a web-based tool of annotation supports various
formats for annotation such as YOLOv5, TensorFlow, and
PyTorch. It also provides several other useful features such as
data augmentation, dataset splitting,and export functionality.
This tool being designed to streamline the annotation process
for their dataset helps the data scientists and developers train
their deep learning models more quickly and more efficiently.
D. Model Training and Detection Processing
The next step was to pass the processed dataset to the YOLOv5
for the custom training of the model. The next challenge was to
create a debugging video that required counting of detections.
The detection alarms and notification cannot be based on a single
frame. So, we used multiple frame check, in this the frames
are counted for the detection of the same animal and after the
threshold is met, the notification or the alarm goes on to the
data-sharing platforms.
One of the biggest challenges we faced during the data- sharing
process was how to transmit the detection image to a centralized
checking system. We could not send the detection image
directly as it would require large amounts of bandwidth and
storage. To overcome this challenge, we came up with the idea
of converting the detection image into a JSON file format along
with other properties of the detection.
The JSON file included information such as the class detection
coordinates, camera IP, and an image of the detection. This
format allowed us to transmit the information quickly and
efficiently through various platforms, including REST APIs.
E. IOU Implementation
We could not afford multiple notifications of the same detection.
Hence, we used the concept of IOU that marks the animal as the
same till it is in the frame so that it does not awakes the system
again. IOU if calculated on each successful detection to the
previous frame detections do thatthe warning signals are legit
and non-repetitive. The threshold value of the IOU can be
modified according to the requirement.
The code to count the frames of the detection was self- developed
to ensure specificity in the program and to prevent any side
cases. This ensured that the animal was really present at that
place for a certain amount of time. This was important to check
before sending out a warning signal. One can also set the no. of
frames to be checked before the waring signal.
Overall, the multiple warning problem or the single frame
warning problems were addressed by the above techniques used.
There will be no warning on the basis of a single frame
detection and if the animal occurs in multiple frames, it will be
noted as only one warning.
F. Integration with the Camera
RTSP protocol is a protocol that is used mainly for the
connection of video surveillance systems to the computer

device, as live video stream is transmitted directly to the
computer for live detection or other purposes. User are able to
access the cameras remotely from anywhere and any devices,
being fixed or mobile.
After obtaining the IP address of the camera for the connection
purpose to our systems, we connected the camera using RTSP
so as to avail all the available use cases of the above-mentioned
method of connection. The next step was port setup and
creating username and password for the camera device.
equal to 0.434. A further increase in the accuracy of the results
can be gathered by the refinement of the dataset and increasing
the size and quality of the dataset.
To further improve the accuracy of our proposed model, we can
use transfer learning. Transfer learning is a machine learning
technique where a pre-trained model is used asa starting
point for a new task. It allows us to take advantage of the pre-
existing knowledge gained by the model from a different task
and apply it to a new problem.

RTSP protocol, unabled easy integration of the camera with the
system. We used the OpenCV library in Python to read the video
stream from the camera and passed the frames to our object
detection model for real-time detection ofanimals.
By using the RTSP protocol, we were able to seamlessly
integrate a wide variety of cameras into our system, making it
highly scalable and adaptable to different environments.This
also allowed us to remotely monitor and control the cameras,
enabling us to quickly respond to any potential threats or
incidents.
We can also experiment with different hyperparameters, such
as learning rates, batch sizes, and optimization algorithms to
further improve the accuracy of our model. Another approach to
improve accuracy is by using ensemble methods where multiple
models are combined to give a more accurate prediction. One
of the hyperparameters is the confidence interval of the given
prediction. Fig. 2 shows the different accuracy of the prediction
cum detection results according to the different values of the
confidence interval.

IV. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

In this proposed paper, we have considered around 1500 images

of each animal species. We divided the wholedataset into
various sections, some data for the training phase and some
for the testing phase. Various Machine Learning and Deep
Learning models were applied to the datasets such as Yolo v5.
Table 1 shows the training results after 50 epochs.

Class Images Instances P R mAP50 mAP50-

95
All 1986 2489 0.872 0.858 0.904 0.584
Bear 1986 326 0.874 0.837 0.905 0.589
Deer 1986 248 0.86 0.895 0.91 0.689
Elephant 1986 477 0.826 0.883 0.909 0.671
Leopard 1986 372 0.938 0.919 0.961 0.568
Monkey 1986 316 0.867 0.794 0.869 0.496
Tiger 1986 333 0.942 0.871 0.932 0.645

Wild 1986 417 0.8 0.804 0.845 0.434

Boar

As shown in Table 1, we got fair results, the combined all classes'

precision was 0.872 with a recall value of 0.858 making our
mAP over confidence value 0.5 equal to 0.904 and that with the
confidence interval of 0.5:0.95 equal to
0.584. The class with the highest mAP at the confidence
interval of 0.5 is the Leopard class having an mAP equal to
0.961. The class with the highest mAP at the confidence
interval of 0.5:0.95 is the Deer class having an mAP equal to
0.689. The class with the least mAP at the confidence
interval of 0.5 is the wild boar class having an mAP equal to
0.845. The class with the highest mAP at the confidence Fig. 2 Change of the F1 score per the confidence value. The
interval 0.5:0.95 is also the wild boar class having an mAP
F1 score of the model increases rapidly till a confidence
value of 0.15 and then reaches the max of 0.86 at 0.395 and
then degrades down rapidly to almost 0 with a
confidence
value of 1. There are two factors of the f1 score i.e., precision
and recall. Let’s now study them uniquely. Down below fig.3
and Fig. 4 show the relation of the confidence value with the
precision and recall values respectively.
Fig. 3 Relation between the precision and the confidence
value of the model.
Fig. 4 Relation between the recall and the confidence value
of the model.
As we can see that the precision of the model initially increases
rapidly till the confidence value reaches 0.17 and then increases
gradually till the end besides a gradual dip in the three classes
of the animals, namely, Deer, Monkey and Wild Boar. All the
classes' precision reaches 1 at a confidence value of 0.923. In
Fig. 4, the recall is at a maximum value of 0.96 at a confidence
value of 0.00. Then it starts to decline at a slow rate initially and
then rapidly. The recall value reaches almost 0 at the confidence
value of approximately 1. Let’s now study the correlation
between precision and recall. Fig. 5 shows the precision-recall
curve of the model.

Fig. 5 Precision-Recall curve of the model at confidence
value 0.5.
The above curve clearly shows that precision-recall shares
an inverse relationship with each other. As soon as the recall is
increased, the precision of the results got hampered. The
precision of the results can be compromised till the mAP of all
classes reaches 0.904 at the edge of the curve and then again
starts to reduce by the increase in the recall value. We now will
study the correlation cum similarities in the appearances of
the classes that we worked upon. Down below fig. 6 shows
the apparent similarity between the classes.
Fig. 6 Confusion Metrix - Correlation between the animal
classes.
According to the above confusion matrix, we see that there is
merely any confusion between the different classes whereas
we can see major instances where the background
is detected as elephant and wild boar classes more often. This
can be due to the camouflage of the animals and can be reduced
by refining the images.
Furthermore, we can also consider augmenting the dataset with
more images of different angles and lighting conditions,
which will make our model more robust to variations in the real-
world scenario.
In addition, we can also explore other object detection models
such as EfficientDet, RetinaNet, and Mask R-CNN to see if they
give better results for our use case.
Overall, by using a combination of transfer learning,
hyperparameter tuning, ensemble methods, dataset
augmentation, and exploring different object detection
models, we can further improve the accuracy of our proposed
model for wildlife conservation.
V. Conclusion and Future Scope
n this research paper, we proposed a digital
I fencing echanism using a Deep Learning algorithm to
mtackle the allenges of physical fencing such as being chtime-
nsuming, expensive, unmaintainable, etc. To co be
articular, we designed a ready-to-use version of yoloV5 pas
object detection technique for the classification of the animals
that came in a certain region covered by the anmeras.
Thus, our approach did not affect animal rights as ey ca were
not being continuously tracked like the GPS and ther
h methods of prevention unless they appeared in a
to estricted area. To implement this work, we created our own
rataset of 10,000 images belonging to seven different
d tegories of animals. As a result, we achieved classification
ca ith a precision of 0.872, recall of 0.858, mAP@0.5 of
w.904, and mAP@0.5:0.95 of 0.584.
0 ture work in this area would involve designing a more
Fvuanced version of the YOLO algorithm with an even large
adataset containing more no. of real-time quality images that ay
dbe provided by the Forest Department of India itself.
m