Review of Mechanics of

Materials
 Normal Stress

- Stress in axial members

- Can be tensile (ft ) or
compressive (fc )
- Numerically,
P
ft or c =
A
Where:
P = internal force
A = cross sectional area

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Bearing Stress (fc or fc⊥ ) - contact pressure between two
separate bodies

P
fc or c⊥ =
Ab
• Should be differentiated with compressive stress
o Compressive stress is internal
o Bearing stress is external pressure
Where:
Ab = bearing area or contact area

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Bending and Shear Stresses
- Stresses in flexure members
- Denoted by fb (bending stress) and fv (shear stress)
Mc M
fb = =
I S
VQ
fv =
Ib
Where:
M = moment at the section where bending stress is to be computed
I = moment of inertia
c = distance of the outer fiber from the neutral axis of the cross section
S = section modulus = I/c
V = shear at the section where shear stress is to be computed
Q = moment of the area above/below the neutral axis about the neutral
axis
b = width of the neutral axis
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Bending and Shear Stresses

For rectangular cross section:

6M
fb = 2
bd
3V 3V b
fv = =
2A 2bd
Where:
b = base of the rectangle d
d = height of the rectangle
A = area of the rectangle = b x d

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Sample Problems
1. A structural member is subjected to compressive force of 10 kN.
Determine the actual stress in the member if it has a 100-mm square
cross section.
2. An 8-m simple span beam is loaded with a total of 5 kN/m throughout
its length. Compute the following:
a. Maximum bending and shear stresses if the beam has cross section i) A;
ii) B.
b. Maximum shear and bending stresses at 2.5m from the left support
considering an additional 10 kN vertical load applied at that same point.
Solve using the two cross-sections.

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Solutions to Sample Problems
P 10 ×103
1. fc = A
=
100 ×100
= 1 MPa
2. a.
Mmax = wL2/8 -> max moment for simple span beam w/ uniform load
Mmax = 5(8)2/8 = 40 kN-m
Vmax = wL/2 or the reaction at either support
Vmax = 5(8)/2 = 20 kN

i. Rectangular (Section A)
6 40
𝑓𝑏 = = 60000 𝑘𝑃𝑎
0.1 0.22
𝒇𝒃 = 𝟔𝟎 𝑴𝑷𝒂

3 20
𝑓𝑣 = = 1500 𝑘𝑃𝑎
2 0.1 0.2
𝒇𝒗 = 𝟏. 𝟓 𝑴𝑷a
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Solutions to Sample Problems
ii) I-shaped (Section B)
𝐼
2
0.03 0.1803 0.120 0.033 0.180 0.030
= + + 0.120 0.03 + ×2
12 12 2 2
= 0.0000945 𝑚4
0.180
𝑐= + 0.030 = 0.120 𝑚
2
𝑏 = 0.030 𝑚

0.180 0.030 0.090

𝑄 = 0.120 0.030 + + 0.090 0.030
2 2 2
= 0.0004995 𝑚3

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Solutions to Sample Problems
40 0.120
𝑓𝑏 = = 50793.65079 𝑘𝑃𝑎
0.0000945
𝑓𝑏 = 50.8 𝑀𝑃𝑎
20 0.0004995
𝑓𝑣 = = 3523.809524 𝑘𝑃𝑎
0.0000945 0.030
𝑓𝑣 = 3.52 𝑀𝑃𝑎

b) With additional 10 kN concentrated load at 2.5 m from left support

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Solutions to Sample Problems
5 8 10 5.5 5 2.52
𝑀2.5 = + × 2.5 −
2 8 2
𝑀2.5 = 51.5625 𝑘𝑁 ⋅ 𝑚
5 8 10 8 − 2.5
𝑉2.5 = + − 5 2.5 = 14.375 𝑘𝑁 𝑜𝑟
2 8
5 8 10 8 − 2.5
𝑉2.5 = + − 5 2.5 − 10 = 4.375 𝑘𝑁
2 8
Choose V2.5 = 14.375 kN

i. Rectangular (Section A)
6 51.5625
𝑓𝑏 = 2
= 77343.75 𝑘𝑃𝑎
0.1 0.2
𝒇𝒃 = 𝟕𝟕. 𝟑 𝑴𝑷𝒂
3 14.375
𝑓𝑣 = = 1078.125 𝑘𝑃𝑎
2 0.1 0.2
𝒇𝒗 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟖 𝑴𝑷𝒂
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Solutions to Sample Problems

ii.I-Shaped (Section B)
51.5625 0.120
𝑓𝑏 = = 65476.19047 𝑘𝑃𝑎
0.0000945
𝒇𝒃 = 𝟔𝟓. 𝟓 𝑴𝑷𝒂
14.375 0.0004995
𝑓𝑣 = = 2532.738095 𝑘𝑃𝑎
0.0000945 0.030
𝒇𝒗 = 𝟐. 𝟓𝟑 𝑴𝑷𝒂

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