Overview of

Tourism Topics
1.1-1.4

• What a tourism system is.

• The reasons that led to the
growth of tourism.
• How tourist destination regions
develop over time.
• How different personality
characteristics of tourists affect
tourist destination regions.
Lesson Objectives for
Topic 1.1
•What is a tourist
•What is a tourism system
•Tourist generating regions
•Tourist destination regions
•Transit routes
 •Are they tourists?
What is a • A Singaporean who went to JB to shop for one day

tourist? • A Singaporean businessman who went to London to work for 3 months

• A Japanese who lives in Tokyo who visited Hokkaido for the week
• A Malaysian student who is studying in Singapore for one year
What is a tourist?
• A person who makes a trip outside his/her usual environment
for leisure or personal purposes

• The trip can be completed within the same day or may last
several days requiring overnight stays

• Tourists can be:

• Domestic tourists – travel within their own country
• International tourists – travel abroad to another country
What is a Tourism System?
Watch the video and
discuss these questions:

• Why do you think so many

people visit Singapore
each year?
• Where do you think
tourists in Singapore
mainly come from?
• How might tourism affect
Singapore?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJE3HIkQ4zU
What is a Tourism System? What does it include?
a) How do the availability of transit routes
influence travel between regions?
• The availability of transit routes influences the volume and
direction of travel between regions.

• When there are limited or inconvenient transit routes, the volume of

travel between the regions might be low.

• When there are more transit routes available, the volume of travel might
increase.

• When there are convenient or attractive transit routes available, the

direction of travel might change. Tourists might choose to travel via the
transit route instead of travelling directly to the destination region. This,
therefore, influences the direction of travel.
a) How do the availability of transit routes influence travel
between regions?
For example,, tourists may take an
eight-hour direct flight from New Delhi to
Singapore (denoted by the blue arrow).
However, some may find the direct flight
too tiring.

Hence they may choose to take a shorter

flight to Bangkok, Thailand before
continuing their journey to Singapore
(denoted by the red arrows).

In this case, Bangkok is part of the transit

route. Due to the availability of this transit
route, we can expect a high volume of
travel between India and Singapore. We
can also expect two directions of travel:
b) What is the relationship between tourist
generating and destination regions?
b) What is the relationship between tourist generating
and destination regions?

• Push factors are those that • On the other hand, pull

cause a tourist to want to leave factors are the qualities in
the generating region. tourist destination regions
• Stressful work environments. that attract tourists.
• Unpleasant living environments,
including overcrowding and
• Places of scenic beauty.
pollution.
• Special events such as
• Lack of recreational and
concerts or festivals.
entertainment options.
• Attractions, facilities and
• amenities that provide
positive experiences.
c) How does tourism interact with nature, communities
and economics within the local environment and beyond?
c) How does tourism interact with nature, communities
and economics within the local environment and
beyond?

• How does the economy of the tourist generating countries

impact tourism?
• How does tourism impact nature, communities and economics?