PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, JEDDAH – ENGLISH SECTION

Final Term - Academic Session 2023 – 2024

Grade: Y6

SUBJECT: SCIENCE
Chapter 1: The Human Body
Scientific Enquiry

Mock Exam Review Sheet - Answer Key

Q1. Complete the table describing the characteristics of different blood vessels.
Few examples have been completed for you.

Type of blood Answer:

Artery Capillary
Vein
vessel:

Answer: Carries blood from the

Function of the Joins small arteries
Carries blood away rest of the body, back
blood vessel: and veins.
from the heart to the heart.

Answer:
Answer:
Structure of the Thick, elastic, very fine/small blood
Thin walls, less elastic
blood vessel walls: muscular walls vessels that are very
(compared to arteries)
thin-walled

Allows substances like

Answer:
Substances carried Answer: oxygen and food to
Wastes/waste products,
by the blood vessel: Oxygen, food/nutrients move through it, to
carbon dioxide
nearby organs.

Page 2
Q2. Angelique investigates the average heart rate of the children in her class.
She records her results in her notebook. Look at her results.

a) Define the term ‘heart rate’.

Answer: The number of times the heart pumps blood in one minute OR the number of times the heart
beats in one minute.
* per minute can be used in place of one minute

b) What units are being used to measure the heart rate? Write the full form for these units.
Answer: Heart beats per minute
* ‘bpm’ is not an acceptable answer
c) Complete her results table.

Heart Rate
Name of child Gender Age of child in years
(in bpm OR beats per minute)

Priya Female 11 66

Mia Female 11 70

Lily Female 10 73

Safia Female 10 71

Mike Male 11 78

Oliver Male 11 75

Chen Male 10 87

Ahmed Male 10 80
*Important checkpoint info: Mention the units ONCE only in the ‘column heading’ (not with individual
values)

Page 3
d) The heart rate results show some patterns. Describe two patterns shown by the results.
Answer: 1. Boys have a higher heart rate

2. Younger boys have a higher heart rate OR younger girls have a higher heart rate

*Important checkpoint info: Do not accept younger children have a higher heart rate.

e) Calculate the average heart rate, in the space given below. Show your working.
Answer: 66 + 70 + 73 + 71 + 78 + 75 + 87 + 80 = 600
600 ÷ 8 = 75 beats per minute
*Important checkpoint info: Always show working with all of your calculations as it may carry marks.

Q3. Inhaled air is the air we breathe in. Exhaled air is the air we breathe out.

The table shows how inhaled and exhaled air are different.

Gas Inhaled Air Exhaled Air

Carbon Dioxide 0.04% 4%

Oxygen 21% 16%

Water Vapour 0.5% 5%

a) Complete these sentences about exhaled air.

“The percentage of carbon dioxide in exhaled air is more/greater/higher than in inhaled air.”

“The percentage of water vapour in exhaled air is more/greater/higher than in inhaled air.”

b) Explain why the percentage of oxygen in exhaled air is less than in inhaled air.
Answer: Oxygen (in the lungs) has moved into the blood (has been used for respiration)
*Recall point: Oxygen from the lungs is taken into the blood (blood vessels of the lung). Once blood is
oxygenated it is taken to the heart, from where it is pumped to the rest of the body (wherever needed).

Page 4
Q4. The diagram below shows the respiratory system.

D
C

a) Identify the parts labelled from A – D.

Answers: A: Nose and mouth

B: Windpipe OR Trachea

C: Lungs

D: Diaphragm

b) Complete the following table to compare breathing in and breathing out.

What happens to… Breathing in Breathing out

Answer: Answer:
The diaphragm?
Diaphragm moves downwards Diaphragm moves upwards

Answer: Answer:
The ribs? Ribs moves upwards and outwards Ribs moves downwards and
OR rib cage expands inwards OR ribcage contracts
Answer: Answer:
The size of the chest? Chest cavity/size of chest expands Chest cavity/size of chest contracts
(becomes larger) (becomes smaller)
Answer:
Answer:
The lungs? Lungs get smaller (as air is pushed
Lungs expand (as they fill with air)
out)

Page 5
Q5. Various physical changes take place during puberty in humans.

a) Describe one physical change that only takes place in females.

Answer: Hips widen / Breasts develop / Menstruation starts

b) Describe one physical change that only takes place in males.

Answer: Voice deepens /Adam’s apple develops / Facial hair / More muscular body

c) Describe one physical change that takes place in both males and females.

Answer: Growth spurts / Skin gets oily

*Important info: ‘grows taller’ / ‘height increases’ are incorrect phrases to describe growth spurt.
Avoid writing such answers.

Q6. Write the correct word from the box for each of the descriptions below.

fertilization hygiene sperms hormones

host ova barrier mucus

a) Chemicals in the body that cause the body changes that occur during puberty.
Answer: Hormones
b) The joining of a male sex cell and a female sex cell.
Answer: Fertilization
c) The living thing that a parasite infects.
Answer: Host
d) Protection against something.
Answer: Barrier
e) A sticky substance found in the nose, windpipe, and other air passages.
Answer: Mucus (Typing error: missing from word box)
f) Keeping yourself and the things around you clean.
Answer: Hygiene
g) Another word for the male reproductive cells.
Answer: Sperms
h) Another word for the female reproductive cells.
Answer: Ova

Page 6
Q7. Skin is the largest organ of the body. Mia looks at the skin on her hands.

Describe three functions of the skin.

Answers: (any three from)

• Protection: The skin acts as a barrier between the internal organs and the external environment,
protecting against physical injuries, pathogens, and harmful substances.
• Temperature Regulation: The skin helps regulate body temperature through processes such as
sweating.
• Sense of touch: This helps detect touch, pressure, temperature, and pain.
• Sweat production: Skin produces sweat to help cool down the body and remove waste products
(excretion)

Q8. Priya investigates pulse rate and exercise. Pulse rate is the number of times the heart beats in a
minute. Priya does the following:

• Step 1 – measures her normal (resting) pulse rate

• Step 2 – runs 100 m as fast as possible
• Step 3 – immediately measures her pulse rate
• Step 4 – rests until her pulse rate goes back to normal
• Step 5 – repeats steps 1 to 4
• Step 6 – repeats the investigation with some of her friends
• Step 7 – looks at her results to make a conclusion.

a) Priya makes a prediction for her investigation. Suggest a possible prediction for this investigation.
Answer: (idea that) pulse rate increases with exercise
b) Which step involves fair testing?
Answer: Step 4 OR Step 2
c) Which step involves pattern seeking?
Answer: Step 7 (as the pattern is evident after having recorded all the data)
d) Which step improves the reliability of the data collected by Priya?
Answer: Step 5 OR Step 6
e) Fair testing and pattern seeking are two types of scientific enquiry. Describe two other types of
scientific enquiry.
Answers: (any two from): Research / Observing (over time) / Identifying and classifying
Page 7
Q9. The diagram shows the human circulatory system.

Organ X pumps blood through the circulatory system.

a) Name organ X.
Answer: Heart
b) Blood vessel Y is a vein. Name one other type of blood vessel in the human circulatory system.
Answer: Artery / Capillary
c) What is a function of the human circulatory system? Tick (✔) one correct box.

Q10. Blood is very important.

a) Use these words to explain how blood reaches all parts of the body.
arteries
heart
lungs
stomach
veins
(Typing error) Corrected question and answers:
Oxygen enters the blood in the lungs. From here, it passes to the heart which pumps it through blood
vessels called arteries to the whole body.

Page 8
b) To play sport well we need strong muscles and lots of energy. Are the following statements about
exercise true or false?

Q11. Safia is playing tennis. Three of Safia’s friends make predictions about her breathing rate.

Which friend has the correct prediction? Explain your answer.

Answer: Lily is correct. Breathing rate increases with any form of intense activity as the body needs to
get more oxygen into it to make energy (from food) OR for respiration. Breathing rate will return to
normal once this intense activity has ended.

Q12. A scientist measures the percentage of oxygen in the blood travelling through different blood
vessels. The table shows the results.

The blood vessels are found in different parts of the body.

a) Which blood vessel transports blood from the lungs to the heart?

Answer: Vein

Explain your answer.

Explanation: This is because veins carry blood from the rest of the body to the heart.

*Extra info: Unlike veins and arteries of the rest of the body, the vein and artery of the lung, known as
‘pulmonary vein’ and ‘pulmonary artery’ are EXCEPTIONS.
The pulmonary artery is the ONLY ARTERY in the body that carries DEOXYGENATED blood (i.e.
blood containing carbon dioxide) from heart to the lungs.
The pulmonary vein is the ONLY VEIN in the body that carries OXYGENATED blood from the lungs
to the heart.
Page 9
Q13. There is oxygen in the air outside the body.
a) Describe how oxygen travels from the air to the blood in the body. Use the labels on the diagram in
your description.
(Question repeated from Mid-year exam – diagram missing in Mock Review Sheet)

Answer: Oxygen in the air enters the body through the nose and mouth. It then moves into the windpipe
and then the lungs. Oxygen from the lungs then enters the blood (contained in blood vessels).
b) The diagram shows the respiratory system inside a penguin.

The penguin has two lungs and six air pockets. Suggest why a penguin needs lungs and air pockets.
Answer: To hold more air/oxygen (so it can hold its breath longer underwater)

Page 10