Anatomy Exam Embryology (1)

Q.1 : M.C.Qs
1) The following considering gametogenesis are true except:
a. The oogenesis started during the intrauterine life
b. The spermatogenesis pass in 4 stages of development
c. The spermtides are the terminal stage results of spermatogenesis
d. The ovum contains 23 chromosomes
2) The premordial germ cell :
a. Contains 46 chromosomes
b. Contains 23 chromosomes
c. Gives rise to 6 sperms.
d. Developed into sperms just after birth.
3) The secondary oocyte:
a. Contains 46 chromosomes
b. Contains 23 chromosomes
c. Gives rise to 2 ova.
d. Developed developed during intrauterine life.
4) The golgi bodies in the spermatozoa lied in:
a. The head
b. The body
c. The tail. ,
d. The neck.
5) The ovarian changes occurred under the effect of:
a. Oestrogen and progesteron hormones
b. Oestrogen and FSH hormones
c. FSH and LH hormones.
d. non of the above hormones affect the ovary.
6) The normal site of implantation of the blastocyst is:
a. The fundus of the uterus
b. The body of the uterus
c. The cervix of the uterus
d. The fallopian tube.
7) The spermiogenesis occurred in :
a. Seminal vesicles b. Epidydemis
c. Vas deferens. d. Seminefrous tubules.
8) Oogenesis occurred in:
a. Medulla of the ovary
b. Cortex of the ovary
c. Medulla and cortex of the ovary
d. Fallopian tube.
9) The testesteron hormone is secreted by:
a. Sertoli cells
b. Germ cells
c. Interstitial cells of Leydig
d. Spermatocytes.

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10) The Oestrogen hormone is secreted by:
a. The theca interna b. The theca externa
c. The developing ovum d. The follicular cells
11) The progesteron hormone is secreted by:
a. Corpus hemorhagicum b. Corpus albicans
c. Corpus luteum d. developing follicle
12) Concerning the seminal fluid, all the following are correct EXCEPT:
a. Its volume is 2 - 3 cc.
b. Its count is about 200 - 300 thousands of sperms per ml.
c. It contains secretions from the epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicle.
d. Normally, it is deposited during sexual intercourse in the posterior fornix of vagina,
e. Normally, 60 - 70% of its sperms are motile.
13) Regarding spermatogenesis, all are true EXCEPT:
a. It starts at puberty.
b. The whole process takes about 70 - 80 days,
c. Spermatogonia divide by meiosis.
d. One spermatogonium gives rise to four spermatids.
e. It is continuous through life.
14) Regarding spermiogenesis, all are true EXCEPT:
a. It is the morphological transformation of spermatid into sperm.
b. The nucleus forms the future head of the sperm,
c. The flagellum develops from one centriole.
d. Golgi apparatus forms acrosomal cap.
15) The normal chromosomal number of human spermatid is:
a. 23 autosomes + two different sex chromosomes. «
b. 22 autosomes + X and Y chromosomes.
c. 23 autosomes + two identical sex chromosomes.
d. 22 autosomes + X or Y chromosome.
e. 23 autosomes + X or Y chromosome.
16) The following are true about sperm EXCEPT:
a. Smaller in size than ovum,
b. Has no power of motility.
c. Has acrosomal cap.
d. Formed of head, neck, and tail.
17) Concerning spermatogenesis, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Secondary spermatocyte contains 23 chromosomes including X and Y.
b. Secondary spermatocyte gives two spermatids by meiosis II.
c. Primary spermatocyte contains 46 chromosomes,
d. It starts at puberty tell old age.
18) Concerning the 1st meiotic division of the primary oocyte, all are correct EXCEPT:
a. It may take up to 40 years to be completed.
b. It results in one secondary oocyte and one polar body.
c. It is completed after fertilization.
d. It results in two cells with haploid number of chromosomes.

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e. It is always followed by the second meiotic division.
19) Concerning oogenesis, all are true EXCEPT:
a. It may take up to 40 years to be completed,
b. Primary oocytes are arrested in diplotene stage of meiosis II.
c. Meiosis inhibitory factor is secreted by primary oocytes.
d. Zona granulosa is secreted by granulosa cells and the oocyte.
e. About 5-15 primordial follicles begin maturation each ovarian cycle.
20) Which stage of human development there is maximum number of oogonia ?
a. At birth.
b. Five months intrauterine foetal life,
c. At puberty,
d. During early adulthood.
21) The secondary oocyte completes the second maturation division:
a. Before maturation,
b. During maturation,
c. At fertilization,
d. Before birth,
e. Before puberty.
22) Concerning the human oocyte, all the following are correct EXCEPT:
a. At ovulation, it is larger than the human sperm,
b. It commences its first meiotic division at the age of puberty,
c. It contains haploid number of chromosomes,
d. It is developed from the germ cells.
23) Concerning oogenesis, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Oogonia divide by mitosis during foetal life,
b. The Iry oocyte is surrounded by zona pellucida.
c. The Iry oocyte divides by mitosis to give 2ry oocytes just before birth,
d. The 2ry oocyte contains haploid number of chromosomes,
e. The 2ry oocytes are ready for fertilization at the time of their formation
24) Concerning the corpus luteum, all the following are correct EXCEPT:
a. Present in the 2nd half of the cycle.
b. Starts to degenerate few days before menstruation if fertilization does not occur,
c. Secretes oestrogen,
d. Under control of luteinizing hormone,
e. Transforms into a corpus albicans when it degenerates.
25) Concerning the ovarian cycle, all the following are correct EXCEPT:
a. The luteal phase is under the influence of luteinizing hormone,
b. The hormone of the proliferative phase is progesterone,
c. Corpus luteum secretes progesterone.
d. The duration of the luteal phase is about 14 days.
26) Concerning the ovarian cycle, all the following are correct EXCEPT:
a. Starts at the age of puberty.
b. Its follicular phase corresponds to the proliferative phase of the endometrium.
c. It is under the influence of both LH and FSH

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Anatomy Exam Embryology (1)
d. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone till the end of pregnancy.

27) Concerning the endometrium, all are true EXCEPT:

a. It is supplied by spiral arterioles.
b. It becomes deciduas during pregnancy,
c. The basal layer is its functional layer,
d. It becomes secretory in the second half of pregnancy.
28) Concerning the menstrual cycle, all the following are correct EXCEPT:
a. The proliferative phase is under the influence of oestrogen.
b. The main changes occur in the basal layer of the endometrium.
c. Usually, the luteal phase has constant duration.
d. Menstruation occurs as a result of withdrawal of the ovarian hormones.
29) Concerning the menstrual phase of the uterine cycle, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Bleeds about 500 cc.
b. Its duration is about 3 - 5 days.
c. It is preceded by the luteal phase.
d. It doesn't involve the basal layer of the endometrium.
e. It is followed by the proliferative phase.
30) The stage of the menstrual cycle that is under influence of progesterone is:
a. Luteal phase
b. Proliferative
c. Menstrual
d. All of the stages.
31) The union of the human sex cells is believed to occur in:
a. Middle third of the fallopian tube,
b. Medial third of the fallopian tube,
c. Lateral third of the fallopian tube,
d. Uterus,
e. Vagina.
32) The normal site of fertilization is:
a. Isthmus of uterine tube
b. Fimbria of uterine tube
c. Ampulla of uterine tube
d. Intramural part of uterine tube
33) Concerning fertilization, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Occurs in the lateral third of the fallopian tube.
b. Restores the diploid number of the chromosomes,
c. Results in determination of the foetal sex.
d. Results in determination of the characters.
34) All are true concerning fertilization EXCEPT:
a. The oocyte completes the second meiotic division just before or during it.
b. The sperm has to penetrate the corona radiata and zona pellucida.
c. After the sperm penetrates the ovum, the tail degenerates.

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Anatomy Exam Embryology (1)
d. After entry of one sperm into the ovum, the zona pellucida prevents penetration of
other sperms.
e. It normally occurs in the ovaries.

35) Results of fertilization are the following EXCEPT:

a. Restoration of the diploid number of chromosomes (46).
b. Restoration of the embryo's chromosomal sex.
c. Lyses of the zona pellucida.
d. Initiation of cleavage.
36) Concerning fertilization, the following is true EXCEPT:
a. Penetration of zona is done by acrosome reaction,
b. Capacitation means removal of glycoprotein coat,
c. It leads to chromosomal sex determination of the embryo,
d. Zona reaction allows the entry of more than one sperm into the ovum.
37) Concerning fertilization, the following is TRUE:
a. Results in determination of foetal sex.
b. Stimulates cleavage.
c. The sperm has to penetrate the zona pellucida.
d. All the above.
38) Capacitation of sperm is:
a. Release of acrosome enzymes,
b. Penetration of zona pellucida.
c. Removal of glycoprotein coat,
d. Passage of sperm into corona radiate.
39) Capacitation of sperm means:
a. Release of proteolytic enzymes from sperm acrosome.
b. Dispersal of the corona radiata cells.
c. Removal of the glycoprotein and seminal protein from the sperm.
d. Fusion of the sperm and ovum.
40) Results of fertilization are the following EXCEPT:
a. Initiation of cleavage.
b. Restoration of diploid number of chromosomes,
c. Determination of chromosome sex of the embryo,
d. Formation of chorionic villi.
41) The following are true regarding fertilization EXCEPT:
a. It means formation of the zygote.
b. It takes 6 hours.
c. The sperms reach the ovum by the movement of their tails
d. It takes place in the ampulla of the Fallopian tube.
42) Results of fertilization are the following EXCEPT:
a. The number of chromosomes returns to the diploid number (46).
b. Formation of blastocyst.
c. Determination of the chromosomal sex of the embryo.
d. Start of cleavage

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Q.2 : Mention true and false statements
1- The secondary spermatocytes contain 46 chromosomes (×)
2- Oogensis occurred in the cortex of the ovaries()
3- The mitochondria lies in the head of the formed sperm ()
Q.3 : Complete

1. Oogenesis is defined as ———————————————————————

2. The 1ry oocyte contains ——————————— chromosomes. It remains in
the prophase of the first meiotic division till the time of————————————
3. The second meiotic division is completed after —————————————
4. The number of chromosomes in the primary oocyte is —————————
while the secondary oocyte contains ———————————— chromosomes.
5. The site of storage of mature sperms (spermatozoa) is ———————————
6. The net result of spermatogenesis is the formation of————————————
While the net result of oogensis is the formation of—————————————
7. The process of transformation of spermatids into mature sperms is called……….
8. The follicular cells surrounding the ovum secretes ——————
9. The main function of the corpus luteum is the secretion of——————hormone
10. Menstruation occurs due to sudden decrease of———————hormone while
proliferation phase of menstrual cycle is under the control of-——————hormone.
11. The stages of the menstrual cycle are ………… , ………… , ………….
12. Fertilization is defined as ———————-———————————————
13. The normal site of fertilization is ———————————————————
14. The stages of fertilization are: ……….. , ………… , ………….
15. Sperm capacitation means ——————————————————————
16. Acrosome reaction means —————-——-——————————————
17. The results of fertilization are ??

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