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Kl fufyhqï moaO;s
fuysoS isÿ jkafka l=ula o@ wms oeka ta ms<sn| j úia;r úuid n,uq'
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• Power On Self Test (POST) mßlaIdj id¾:l j wjika jq miqj mß.Klfha
uQ,sl wdodk iy m%;sodk tall mßlaId lrñka wod< úia;r mß.Kl
;srfha o¾Ykh lrkq oelsh yels jkq we;' fuysoS wod< úia;r CMOS
(Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) u;lfhka ,nd .ksñka wod<
Wmdx. mßlaId lsÍu isÿ lrhs' ^mß.Klfha iúlr we;s Wmdx.j, f;dr;=re
wvx.= lr we;af;a CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) u;lh
;=<hs' tfia u Èkh iy fõ,dj wdoS úia;r o fuys ;ekam;a lr we;s w;r
fuu úia;r wjYH mßÈ fjkia l< yels h'&
fufyhqï moaO;sh mQrKh l< hq;= Odjlh l=ula oehs igyka lr we;af;a
o CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) u;lh ;=<hs' wjYH;dj mßÈ
fufyhqï moaO;sh mQrKh l< hq;= Odjlh fjkia lsÍu CMOS (Complementary
Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) u;lfha jq ieliqï ieliSfuka isÿ l< yels h'
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rEmh 19'1 ( Windows 7 jev;,h rEmh 19'2 ( Ubuntu 12.10 jev;,h
Tnf.a mß.Klfha oelSug ,efnk jev;,h by; rEmj, oelafjk tajdg
jvd fjkia wdldrhla .eksug bv we;' ta .ek Tn l,n, úh hq;= ke;' ta ukao
h;a mß.Klfha isÿ lr we;s ieliqï wkqj jev;,fhys fmkqu fjkia fjkia
wdldrj,ska ,efnk neúks'
l%shdldrlu 19'1
l%shdldrlu 19'2
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fufyhqï moaO;shg ysñ ia:dkh
my; igykska Tng mß.Kl fufyhqï moaO;shla mß.Kl oDVdx. yd
mßYS,lhd iuÕ we;s iïnkaO;dj myiqfjka f;areï .ekSug yels jkq we;'
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fufyhqï moaO;shl ld¾h Ndrh ms<sn| j bf.k .ekSug kï wms fuu ld¾h fol
ms<sn| j úia;rd;aul j úuid ne,sh hq;= h' tu ksid wms oeka fuu ld¾h fol
ms<sn| j úia;r úuid n,uq'
l%shdj,s i|yd wjYH lrk wdldrfhka uOH ieliqï tallfha ld,h fjka
lr .ekSu" u;lh fjka lr .ekSu iy wdodk-m%;sodk tall fjka lr .ekSu jeks
iïm;a l<ukdlrK ld¾h fufyhqï moaO;sfha l%shdj,s l<ukdlrKfhaoS isÿ
lrhs'
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l%shdldrlu 19'3
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l%shdldrlu 19'5
l%shdldrlu 19'6
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l%shdldrlu 19'7
l%shdldrlu 19'8
• thska msgm;la Draft f*da,avrhg fhduq lrkak' fuysoS uq,a msgm; t;eku
mej;sh hq;= h'
• oeka uq,a rEm f.dkqfjys ku ModifiedImage f,ig fjkia lrkak'
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• oeka ModifiedImage f.dkqj Finished f*da,avrh fj; fhduq lrkak' fuysoS
uq,a msgm; Draft f*da,avrfhka bj;a j ^uelS f.dia& Draft f*da,avrhg tla
úh hq;= h'
• uld oukq ,enQ ModifiedImage f.dkqj Tng kej; ,nd .ekSug ^ms<silr
lsÍug& yels o@ yelskï th ms<silr lrk wdldrh olajd ms<silr lrkak'
• Draft f*da,avrh kej; ms<silr l< fkdyels f,iska uld oeóh yels o@
yelss kï th isÿ lrk wdldrh úia;r lrkak' Draft f*da,avrh ms<silr
l< fkdyels f,iska uld oeñh yelskï th isÿ lr ta neú ;yjqre lrk
wdldrh meyeÈ,s lrkak'
l%shdldrlu 19'9
l%shdldrlu 19'9 (
my; oelafjk f.dkq wdldr Ndú; lrk fufyhqï moaO;s fudkjdoehs fidhd n,d
igyka lrkak'
• FAT16
• FAT32
• NTFS
• ext4
• ReiserFS
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l%shdldrlu 19'10
l%shdldrlu 19'11
fufyhqï moaO;s uÕska wkjir m%fõYh j,lajd .ekSu fyda md,kh lsÍu
i|yd fhdod .kakd Wml%u fudkjd oehs ,ehsia;=.; lr tajd fláfhka úia;r
lrkak'
l%shdldrlu 19'12
l%shdldrlu 19'13
Tn Ndú; lrk fufyhqï moaO;sfha úOdk fma,S w;=re uqyqK; ,nd .kakd
wdldrh igyka lrkak'
l%shdldrlu 19'14
Ñ;%l mßYS,l w;=reuqyqK;a iys; fufyhqï moaO;s [Operating Systems with Graphical
User Interfaces (GUI)] ks¾udKh lsÍfïoS m%Odk ixrpl (componets) y;rla Ndú;
lrñka ñ;%YS,S mßirhla ilia lr oS we;' tu ixrpl (componets) i;r WIMP f,i
fláfhka y÷kajhs' WIMP hkqfjka woyia lrkafka
l%shdldrlu 19'15
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l%shdldrlu 19'18
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l%shdldrlu 19'19
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j¾;udkfha m%p,s; fufyhqï moaO;s
úúO jq ld¾h i|yd Ndú; lrk fufyhqï moaO;s w;súYd, m%udKhla
j¾;udk f,dalfhys Ndú; lrkq olakg mq¿jka' iuyr tajd b;du;a úfYaIs; ld¾h
i|yd muKla fhdod .kakd w;r ;j;a tajd idudkH tkï fmdÿ Ndú;h i|yd
fhdod .kq olakg mq¿jka'
j¾;udkfha mqoa., mß.Klj, Ndú; lrk jvd;a m%p,s; fufyhqï moaO;s jkafka
• Microsoft mjqf,a Windows fufyhqï moaO;s fm<
l%shdldrlu 19'20
wjYH lrk Windows fufyhqï moaO;sh wm úiska ñ,hg .; hq;= jqj;a wjYH lrk
Linux fnodyeÍula fkdñ,fha u ,nd .ekSug yelshdj mj;S' flfia jqjo iuyfrla
Windows fufyhqï moaO;sh Ndú; lsÍu jvd;a jdisodhl hehs mjik w;r ;j;a
iuyfrla újD; yd ksoyia fla; uDÿldx. ldKavhg wh;a jk Linux fnodyeÍula
Ndú; lsÍu jvd;a jdisodhl hehs mjihs' fï ms<sn| j Tn ork woyi fya;= idOl
iys; j úia;r lrkak'
l%shdldrlu 19'21
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