INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Garbage refers to material or solid items that are no longer utilized by humans or solid

objects that are no longer employed in human activities and subsequently disposed of. Many

individuals hold the belief that all garbage is unclean, repulsive, and devoid of value, leading

to its disposal or incineration. However, governments are encountering difficulties in finding

suitable final disposal sites due to the resistance of residents who do not wish their areas to

become landfills. This reluctance is understandable as the accumulation of waste can

significantly impact comfort and health, particularly due to odors and the presence of flies.

For this reason, in the process of becoming a smart city, the government also makes

waste bins separated by the type of waste, so that waste processing can be processed properly

according to the type of waste. But based on the analysis and observations made on the

behavior the community can be said that some people in Padukuhan Hamlet have bad

behavior in processing waste. This is shown as much (45.5%) the community has a good

attitude and as many as (54.5%) people have a bad attitude in processing waste. These results

indicate that some Dukuh Hamlet communities have behavior that is not good in processing

waste, this is shown by still at least the people who have awareness of processing their own

garbage, in the processing of waste is still limited to the activities of sorting trash, namely

separating wet waste and dry waste, and utilizing it again items that are still suitable for use

by reselling them. But though many people understand about waste processing but desire or

the implementation of good waste processing has not been done fully. Based on the results of

observations made that in Dukuh Hamlet there was a pile of garbage collected by each head

of the family and later the garbage is burned so that the surrounding environment is not

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visible a lot of garbage is scattered, and some people choose to throw garbage they have in a

garbage shelter in the area around the market (Henita Rahmayanti, 2019).

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B. Statement of the Problem

This engineering research will produce a trash can that automatically opens when

motion is detected.

Specifically, it answers the following questions:

1. What are the materials needed to make the motion sensor trashcan?

2. What program design can be utilized to produce the motion sensor trashcan?

3. What testing procedure can be used to develop the trashcan?

4. How functional is the trashcan in terms of:

4.1 Accuracy in detecting motions

4.2 Reaction time in detecting motions

4.3 Volume of wastes it can store

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Hypothesis

Ha: The Motion Sensor Trashcan automatically opens when motion is detected.

C. Significance of the Study

If the study is a success, the researchers will be able to help the people in the problem

caused by unhygienic garbage disposal through hand touching. It is easy to design and above

all low in cost.

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D. Scope and Limitations

The scope of this research entitled "Prototype Motion Sensor Trashcan" focuses on

the design, development, and evaluation of a prototype trashcan equipped with motion sensor

technology. The primary objective is to explore how motion sensors can enhance the

functionality and convenience of waste disposal systems. The researcher’s aim is to

investigate the effectiveness of motion sensors in detecting the presence of users and

automatically opening the prototype trashcan lid, thereby improving the overall user

experience. The research will involve designing and prototyping the motion sensor trashcan,

conducting user tests to assess its performance and usability, and analyzing the collected data

to draw meaningful conclusions.

However, despite the potential benefits and innovative features of the prototype

motion sensor trashcan, there are certain limitations to be acknowledged. Firstly, this research

will be limited to the specific implementation of motion sensors in trashcans and may not

cover other potential applications or contexts. Additionally, the study will primarily focus on

evaluating the effectiveness and user experience of the motion sensor technology and may

not extensively explore other factors such as durability, cost-effectiveness, or environmental

impact. The research will also be conducted within a controlled environment, and the

findings may not fully capture the real-world scenarios and variations in user behavior.

Lastly, due to time and resource constraints, the research may not cover all possible user

demographics or cultural contexts, potentially limiting the generalizability of the results.

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E. Review of Related Literature

The creation of waste is inevitable for every person and business across all sectors,

including residential, commercial, industrial, construction, agriculture and more. The number

one dilemma waste presents is how to dispose of it, hence why effective waste disposal is so

critical. Throwing garbage all over the place will not only dirty our surroundings and pollute

the environment, making it very unhygienic, but also causes bad odors and encourages the

infestation of cockroaches, flies, and other insects. There are various diseases caused due to

poor maintenance of hygienic conditions.

A prototype motion sensor trash can is a garbage receptacle that opens and closes

automatically. A person putting trash in the can doesn't have to touch the can lid or even

press a foot pedal. An infrared sensor built into the trash can senses movement near it within

a specific range, usually a few inches. The exact number of inches varies by model and

manufacturer. The lid of the can opens when the can’s sensor picks up motion near it, stays

open a few seconds while garbage is placed inside and then closes automatically.

. Prior to installing smart bins, waste collection from the old “dumb” garbage bins was

carried out several times a day but now with smart bins this has been reduced astonishingly to

once every two weeks! This not only saves manpower costs, but also reduces the air pollution

caused by garbage trucks, fuel use and helps to alleviate traffic congestion.

But it doesn’t end there. Along with many other innovative products, people are also

investing in motion sensor bins. They are a perfect solution for anyone who hates dealing

with a mess.

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 METHODOLOGY

A. Materials

 1x Arduino Uno P425

 1x HC-SRO4 Ultrasonic Sensor P40

 1x Micro-Servo Motor 9g P89

 3x Male-Female Jumper Female-Male Jumper P80

 1x Trashcan P50

 1x USB Printer Cable P180

Total Cost: P784

B. Procedure

The process of making a prototype motion sensor trashcan starts with preparing the

necessary materials. To make a prototype motion sensor trashcan, the researchers will need

an Arduino Uno, a Micro Servo Motor 9G, a Mini Trashcan, Male-Female Jumper, Female-

Male Jumper, HC- SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor, Usb Printer Cable, Usb Connector, and Adaptor.

Once the researchers have gathered all the materials, the next step is to upload the automatic

trash bin codes into the Arduino software using the code provided below:

#include <Servo.h>

Servo servoMain; //

int trigpin = 9;

int echopin = 8;

int distance;

float duration;

float cm;

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void setup()

servoMain.attach(7); //

pinMode(trigpin, OUTPUT);

pinMode(echopin, INPUT);

void loop()

digitalWrite(trigpin, LOW);

delay(2);

digitalWrite(trigpin, HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(10);

digitalWrite(trigpin, LOW);

duration = pulseIn(echopin, HIGH);

cm = (duration/58.82);

distance = cm;

if(distance<30)

servoMain.write(180); //

delay(3000);

else{

servoMain.write(0);

delay(50);

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 This code will help the researchers to automate the trash bin and make it more

efficient. With the help of the ultrasonic sensor, the prototype trashcan will open and close

automatically. The servo motor will be responsible for opening and closing the lid of the

prototype trashcan, while the ultrasonic sensor will detect the presence of an object and

trigger the servo motor to open the lid. By following these steps, the researchers can create a

functional prototype motion sensor trashcan.

RESULTS

Table 1: Functionality of the trashcan in terms of Accuracy in detecting motion for distance

tested.

Distance Reaction Time (sec) Average Reaction Time

(inch)
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3

10 2.08 1.87 1.85 1.93

20 1.85 2.36 2.95 2.93

30 No Response

40 No Response

Based on the given data in Table 1, which includes the distance of 10 inches and

corresponding trials, it can be observed that the average reaction time was 1.93 seconds this

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suggests a moderate level of response speed to the given stimulus at a distance of 10 inches.

The data presented shows the reaction times recorded at a distance of 20 inches. Across three

trials, the average reaction time for these trials was calculated to be 2.93 seconds.

1.1 Line Graph (10 inc)

By using a line graph, we can understand more about the relationship between the

distance and reaction time of the prototype trashcan. After observing the line graph, we can

see that the prototype trashcan still reacts relatively fast when it’s near to the stimulus ranging

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at about 1.93 seconds average. After three different trials, the prototype trashcan seems to

react a little faster after every single trial as shown in the line graph.

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1.2 Line Graph (20 inc)

Unlike the first graph, the data on the second graph is a little bit different from the

former. Using this we can confirm that the reaction time of the protypentrashcan really

depends on its distance to the stimulus. While the first graph averages at about 1.93 seconds

the second graph averages at 2.38 seconds taking a little longer to react than the first one.

Over the course of three trials the trashcan’s reaction time significantly drops over time. This

shows that the prototype trashcan reacts a little slower when the stimulus is farther away.

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Table 2: The amount of waste the trashcan can store

Volume of wastes it can store (kg)

Trial 1 0.255

Trial 2 0.255

Trial 3 0.255

Average 0.255

Based on the given data, it appears that the storage capacity for wastes in the trials was

consistent, with a volume of 0.255 kg.

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 DISCUSSION

The materials used for this is Arduino Uno, HC-SRO4 Ultrasonic Sensor, Micro-

Servo Motor 9g, Male-Female Jumper Female-Male Jumper, Trashcan, and USB Printer

Cable. The program used to produce the trashcan is Arduino Program Design. Meanwhile

using a performance testing procedure which involves testing the functionality of the

prototype trashcan in terms of accuracy in detecting motion for distance and the volume of

wastes it can store the findings showed the average reaction time of the prototype trashcan at

10 inches is 1.93 seconds. However, at the distance of 20 inches the average reaction time

showed was 2.38 seconds. While at distances 30 and 40 inches there no responses received

from the prototype trashcan.

According to Table 2, by analyzing the volume of wastes it can store the average

shows that it can store about 0.255 kg of wastes.

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 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, according to findings the prototype motion sensor trashcan detects

motion accurately at 10 inches with an average of about 1.93 seconds and it can store an

average of 0.255 kg amount of wastes. Therefore, the researchers accept the hypothesis that

the Prototype Motion Sensor Trashcan automatically opens when motion is detected.

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 RECOMMENDATIONS

In order to enhance the functionality, reliability, and overall user satisfaction of the

prototype motion sensor trashcan, future researchers should consider implementing several

key improvements. Firstly, they should focus on developing customizable sensitivity settings

for the motion sensor, allowing users to adjust the level of sensitivity based on their specific

needs and preferences. This would ensure that the trashcan accurately detects motion without

being overly sensitive or unresponsive. Secondly, optimizing the energy efficiency of the

trashcan would be beneficial, as it would prolong the battery life and reduce the need for

frequent replacements or recharging. This can be achieved through the use of energy-saving

components and intelligent power management systems. Lastly, improving the robustness

and durability of the trashcan is crucial to ensure its long-term reliability. By utilizing durable

materials, reinforced construction, and rigorous testing, the researchers can enhance the

product's ability to withstand daily use, accidental impacts, and adverse environmental

conditions. These advancements would contribute to creating a motion sensor trashcan that is

highly adaptable, energy-efficient, and built to withstand the demands of everyday life.

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 REFERENCES

Fraden, Jacob. 2016. Handbook of Modern Sensors. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19303-8.

Guardforce. "How Smart Bin Technology is Revolutionising Waste Management -

Guardforce." Accessed June 22, 2023.
https://www.guardforce.com.hk/en/news/blog_115/How-Smart-Bin-Technology-is-
Revolutionising-Waste-Management---Guardforce_3901?
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Jeremy Blum. n.d. Exploring Arduino Tools and Techniques for Engineering Wizardry.
Internet Archive. Accessed June 22, 2023.
https://archive.org/details/ExploringArduinoToolsAndTechniquesForEngineeringWizardry/
mode/1up?view=theater.

Rahmayanti, H et al. 2019. “Prototype Smart Trash Can for Implementation Smart
Environment in the Smart City Based on Arduino and Android.” KnE Social Sciences.
https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i12.4133.

Make Life Click. "Are Motion Sensor Trash Cans Worth It Or A Frivolous Waste?" October
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