Chapter 1 3 Moringa and Aloe Vera Handwash Soap True

ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES AND SENSORY ACCEPTABILITY OF
MORINGA AND ACEMANNAN (ALOE VERA) HANDWASH SOAP

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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Antimicrobial properties and sensory acceptability are critical when evaluating
hand wash soaps' effectiveness and use satisfaction. Hand wash soap is a critical
component of hygiene in hotels and restaurants. Proper hand washing is essential to
prevent the spread of germs and ensure the safety of guests and customers. Hotels and
restaurants should have designated hand washing stations in key areas, including
kitchens, food preparation areas, and restrooms. There is a station that typically consists
of a sink, running water, soap dispensers, and paper towels or hand dryers. Hand washing
soap is a fundamental aspect of maintaining hygiene and food safety in hotels and
restaurants.
Hand washing soap is of paramount importance for maintaining personal hygiene
and preventing the spread of infectious diseases. According to the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), hand washing with soap and water is one of the most
effective ways to remove germs including viruses and bacteria, from your hands.
The Malunggay (Moringa oleifera) tree has long been used for a variety of
healing and health purposes. In many parts of the world, it is a key source of nutrition
since it is packed with protein and other essential nutrients that promote overall wellness.
Unlike other soaps, moringa naturally helps change our skin because it contains
antioxidants and anti-bacterial that can greatly benefit from flushing out toxins (Green
Virgin product, 2016).
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According to Baca Villa Blog (2014), Moringa contains vitamins A, B, C, D, and
E. It contains more than 90 nutrients, 46 different antioxidants, and 8 essential amino
acids, for dermatological. Malunggay can make our skin healthy and helps bring back
balance to natural skin color tone. Moringa (Moringa oleifera) is a plant native to tropical
and subtropical regions, known for its nutritional and medicinal properties. It contains
various bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids, which
have been reported to possess antimicrobial activity against a wide range of
microorganisms.
Aloe Vera is a medical plant with antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Aloe
vera benefits can include reducing dental, accelerating wound healing, preventing
wrinkles, and managing blood sugar (Leech,2023). It has been demonstrated that Aloe
vera extracts increase skin moisturization through a humectant mechanism. The
composition of the extract, rich in hygroscopic mono/polysaccharides and amino acids
histidine, arginine, threonine, glycine, and alanine), is probably responsible for improving
water retention in the stratum corneum gives your skin proper acidity (Amb
Wellness,2017).
The study on the antimicrobial properties of Moringa and Aloe Vera soap is to
help eliminate or inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and
viruses.
Therefore, this study aimed to maintain good hygiene and reduce the risk of
infections or skin-related issues. This study focused on the antimicrobial properties, and
sensory acceptability of moringa and acemannan, aiming to promote eco-friendly and
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economical products that would benefit both humans and the environment. The
researchers are interested in investigating the antimicrobial properties of these natural
resources to determine their sensory acceptability as a hand wash soap. Moreover, the
study can attribute valuable knowledge to the field and potentially lead to the
development of new and innovative hand soap.
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Conceptual Framework
The system approach (input- process- output) was used in describing the
conceptual framework of the study. As shown in the figure below, the input consists of
the ingredients and materials to be used in making the Moringa and Aloe vera handwash
soap.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
 Moringa leaves  Blend the moringa leaves

with distilled water and
 Aloe vera extract
strain the extracts
 Distilled water separately using a fine-
Moringa and Acemannan
 Plastic bottles mesh sieve to remove
(Aloe Vera) Hand wash
leaves.
 Glycerin
 Strain the aloe vera extract. soap
 Melting the glycerin.
 Mixing, measuring, adding
3 drops of lavender
essential oil, and filling the
plastic bottle with the
finished product.
Figure 1. A Schematic diagram of the concept of the research from input, process,
output.
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Statement of the Problem
This study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial properties and sensory
acceptability of moringa and aloe vera in handwash soap. Specifically, it seeks to answer
the following question:
1. Using systematic review, what is the antimicrobial efficacy of moringa and aloe vera
hand wash soap against common bacteria and fungi present on the skin?
2. What is the sensory acceptability of moringa and aloe vera hand wash soap in terms of:
a. Texture
b. Scent
c. Foaminess
d. Appearance
3. Is there a significant difference between the three treatments of moringa and
acemannan hand wash soap in terms of sensory acceptability?
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Research Hypothesis
The following void hypotheses have been set for this study:
1. The moringa and acemannan extract hand wash soap is not acceptable in terms of
appearance, texture, scent, and foaminess.
2. There are no significant differences between the acceptability and effectiveness of
moringa and acemannan hand wash soap in the three treatments.
Significance of the Study
This study was conducted to determine the acceptability and effectiveness of
using various levels of moringa and aloe vera soap. The success of this study will be
beneficial to the following:
 Hotels and Resorts- Maintaining proper hygiene and cleanliness is of utmost
importance in the hospitality industry. Hotels and resorts can benefit from this study
by understanding the antimicrobial properties of Moringa and Acemannan handwash
soap. If proven effective, these natural ingredients can be incorporated into the
handwash soaps used by guests and staff, ensuring a higher level of hygiene and
reducing the risk of spreading infections.
 Public Establishment- Public establishments, such as restaurants, shopping malls,
airports, and healthcare facilities, have a responsibility to maintain a clean and safe
environment for their visitors. The study of the antimicrobial properties and sensory
acceptability of Moringa and Acemannan handwash soap can provide valuable
insights into the efficacy and user experience of these products. Public
establishments can consider incorporating these natural handwash soaps into their
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facilities to enhance hygiene practices and promote a healthier environment for their
patrons.
 Researchers- the study provides an avenue for researchers to explore the
antimicrobial properties and sensory acceptability of natural ingredients in hand soap
formulations and explore other potential applications of these natural ingredients in
personal care products.
 Future Researchers- this research will be a useful reference for the researchers who
plan to make any related study about Moringa and Aloe vera soap.
Scope and Delimitation
This study aims to develop the antimicrobial properties and sensory acceptability
of Moringa and Aloe Vera hand wash soap. It determined the perceptions of the target
respondents regarding the product's texture, scent, foaminess, and appearance. A
systematic review was used to determine the antimicrobial properties of aloe vera and
moringa extract.
No laboratory testing was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the
product. The researchers documented the test results to ensure the reliability and validity
of the gathered data. The study was conducted from February 2023 to March 2024 at
Sanchez Mira School of Arts and Trades, Santor, Sanchez Mira, Cagayan.
There were 30 respondents for this study, composed of housekeeping students and
workers from hotels and restaurants.
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Definition of Terms
The researchers defined the following terminologies according to how they are
used in this study.
Aloe barbadensis refers to a succulent plant known for its soothing and moisturizing
properties.
Antimicrobial Properties refers to the ability of a substance, in this case, hand wash
soap to inhibit or kill microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi.
Moringa oleifera refers to a plant that is valued for its nutritional and medical properties.
Sensory Acceptability refers to how well a product is received by users based on their
sensory perceptions.
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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies, which has
bearing in the proposed study. They served as fundamental background in the conduct of
the study.
Characteristics of Aloe Vera
Aloe vera has been traditionally used to treat skin injuries (burns, cuts, insect
bites, and eczemas) and digestive problems because its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial,
and wound healing properties. Research on this medicinal plant has been aimed at
validating traditional uses and deepening the mechanism of action, identifying the
compounds responsible for these activities.
Aloe has a history stretching back thousands of years, and many ancient texts
document its use and therapeutic properties. Information on the use of aloe can be found
in ancient Egyptian papyri, mentioned in the Old Testament, and various documents of
Asian and Arabic origin. The plant is also known in Japanese, Filipino and Hawaiian
cultures (Haroon, Shahid, Hussain, & Raza, 2018).
The Aloe was originally classified in the Liliaceae because it resembles lilies to
an original bulb. However, Tom Reynolds, a London-based researcher, has drawn up a
new classification that places aloe in the botanical family Aloaceae (Thakur, Jilariya,
Gunaga, & Singh, 2018). Aloe belongs to a large class of plants known as xerophytes, so-
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called because they can close their stomata to ensure the plant's water balance (Hoffmann
et al., 2020). The ability to store water internally allows them to survive prolonged dry
weather or even drought periods.
Furthermore, chemical components also have the extraordinary knowledge to
close almost instantaneously any wound or damage to the epidermis, preventing the
precious water from escaping (Prisa, & Gobbino 2021). This self- healing power may
have provided ancient civilizations with clues to discovering Aloe's therapeutic virtues
(Arora, Sarup, Tomar, Singh, & Kumar, 2019). It is a genus of evergreen, shrubby,
perennial, or climbing plants, with flowers of different colors depending on the species
(Prisa, & Gobbino, 2021).
Characteristics of Moringa
Moringa Oleifera is a miracle tree species with abundant nutrients such as high
protein biological value, and good feeding effect. Moringa Oleifera is a wealthy resource
of various nutrients with high biological value. (Makkar, H.P.S.,2019).
Moringa oleifera also known as the "miracle tree “is a plant with edible parts that
are rich in protein and nutrients. Its leaf protein is a promising sustainable food source
due to its high biological potency and nutrients value. Research has shown that moringa
oleifera leaf protein has functional characteristics that make it a potential raw material for
food processing. This review provides an overview of moringa oleifera leaf protein
including extraction methods, composition analysis and fundamental characteristics
(CAO, J.,2023).
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Moringa Oleifera, a plant from the moringaceae family has been used in
traditional medicine for centuries due to its rich nutritional and bioactive properties. Its
leaves, flowers, and seeds, contain protein essential aminocide, vitamins, minerals, and
antioxidants that have anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticaranogenic, antimicrobial
and hepatoprotective effects. However, some compounds in the root and bark may pose
safety concerns. Moringa oleifera, recognized as an excellent source have shown that in
corporating moringa oleifera into bakery products can increase their nutritional value
without significantly effecting their organdeptic characteristics (J"ager, Meyer, A,
&R"offers,M.(2020).
The study investigated the impact of adding moringa oleifera leaves and /or seeds
to the diet of Japanese quail on egg production, quality, blood, serum characteristics and
production. The result showed that supplementing the diet with Moringa Oleifera seeds
(MS) increased egg production, egg, mas’ eggshell thickness, and hatchability while
(ML), MS or a combination of both (MSL)also decrease triglycerides and total
cholesterol in the blood. Overall, the study found that adding Moringa oleifera seeds to
the diet improved egg production and quality in Japanese quail as well as some blood
biochemical parameters.
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Potential Health Benefits of Aloe Vera
Health benefits of Aloe Vera includes it application in wound- healing and
treating burns, minimizing frost bite damage, protection against skin damage from
allergies and improving immune system. Phytochemistry of Aloe Vera has revealed the
presence of more than 200 bio active chemicals. Aloe Vera is known in antiquity and its
versatile healing and cosmetic properties. It is a rich source of many chemicals’
compounds. It has been shown that there are 75 biologically active compounds e -
vitamins, minerals, enzymes, sugars, phenolic compounds and sterols amino acid (Natalia
Mikolajc Zack 2018).
Aloe Vera extract increased cell tolerance to glucose in healthy and diabetic had a
significant hypoglycemic effect therapeutic use of aloe vera is important since aloe vera
has various health benefits of in human since time immemorial. It is a herb various
traditional system of medicine worldwide (Elesevier 2019).
Recognizing this WHO had launched a policy of urging its member states to
promote and integrate traditional medicine into their national health care system. The
Aloe Vera plant has been known and use for centuries for its health medicinal and skin
care properties. Aloe Vera gel contains B12, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and Folic
acid .The aloe vera is a multiple form being an antiseptic ,antimicrobial ,anti-user ,anti-
inflammatory agent, helps in relieving like tumor and diabetes (Segaye 2017). Aloe Vera
has been used externally to treat various skin conditions such as cuts and burns.
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Potential Health Benefits of Moringa
Moringa oleifera Lam. is gaining worldwide appreciation, especially for its
extensive nutritional profile and for combating the malnutrition problem. The plant is rich
in phytochemicals (flavonoids, isothiocyanates, phenolic acids, tannins) and has many
nutrients, such as proteins, fibers, minerals, and a balanced composition of amino acids. It
includes 13 species of shrubs and trees native to India and Africa, and it is distributed in
many other tropical and arid countries (Antioxidants 2022).
According to different studies, the bioactive components of Moringa plants are
developed in novel functional foods or they have other applications in the cosmetic and
pharmaceutical fields. M. oleifera leaf powder may act as a dietary supplement when it is
added in different types of food, such as sauces or soups. Furthermore, scientists show
that the nutritional and quality value of cereals, cookies, bread, yogurts, cakes, or cheese
was improved after adding the Moringa leaf powder. Moringa is also rich in ben oil,
considered a substitute for olive oil due to its similar characteristics, containing oleic
acid, sterols, and tocopherols. The plant can be utilized in the food industry as a natural
additive as well; thus, it might replace synthetic ones in the future. (Enfermeria Clinica
2020,)
Moreover, almost every part of the plant (seeds, leaves, flowers, bark, roots, fruit,
and immature pods) can be exploited because it offers a multitude of human health
benefits due to its antibacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and
hepatoprotective properties. Aside from the diversity of therapeutic properties, Moringa
is also known for its anticancer activity. One of the most common diseases, cancer,
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affects many people, and one in seven dies because of inadequate medication. This is the
reason why many medicinal plants are being investigated to help treat this problem,
including M. oleifera. The leaves that contain benzyl isothiocyanate, glucosinolates, and
niazimicin are believed to be responsible for its anticancer activity (Wellness 2016).
Numerous bio active molecules, namely four-(a-l- rhamnosyloxy) benzyl
isothiocyanate, niazimicin and B-sitosterol-3-0-B-d-glucopyranoside found in MO are
responsible for their anti-cancers’ attributes. Stem and seed infusions are mentioned to
demonstrate the role of cytotoxic, anticancer, and antitumor activities. In addition, MO
leaves extract have been shown to be beneficial in pancreatic and breast cancers. In
pancreatic cells, MO has been shown to regulate the growth of pancreatic cancer cells,
suppress signaling and improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy by improving the
potency of the drug in these cells (Christianto and Smarandache, 2019).
Moringa and its neuro-protective effects Dementia is a significant lack of global
cognitive ability, including brain disorder, impairment of memory, concentration,
language, and problem solving. It is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that tend to
evolve worldwide people age. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary cause of
dementia. It is a lifelong progressive neurodegenerative condition. ROS is associated
with oxidative stress and can induce apoptosis via mitochondrial degradation and damage
to lipids, proteins and DNA. Previous work has demonstrated that oxidative stress is
known to be a significant cause in neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, Parkinson's
disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Antioxidants have also gained broad interest as potential treatment for neurodegenerative
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diseases. While several attempts to find potential for AD therapies have not been found,
no current therapies have been proven to delay or inhibit the progression of the disease.
Owing to the high cost and associated side effects of prescription anti-dementia
medications, natural products containing flavonoids have attracted great value as
candidate drugs for the prevention and/or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
(Muzumbukilwa et al., 2019).
Antimicrobial Properties of Aloe vera
The Aloe vera plant has been know and used for centuries for its health, beauty,
medicinal and skin care properties.
The colorless mucilaginous gel from aloe vera leaves has been extensively used
with pharmacological and cosmetic applications. Traditionally, this medical plant has
been employed to treat skin problems (burns, wounds, and anti-inflammatory processes).
Move over, Aloe vera has shown other therapeutic properties including anticancer,
antioxidant, antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic. Aloe vera contains more than 75
different compounds, including vitamins (vitamin A, C, E, and B12), enzymes (amylase,
catalase, and peroxidase), minerals (zinc, copper, selenium, and calcium), sugars
(monosacchandes such as mannose-6 phosphate and polysacchandes such as glucose
mannan), anthraquinnooners (aloin and emodin), fatty acids (lupeo/and campasterol),
hormones (Maam et al..,2018).
According to Carvalho and Guedes (2018) Aloe vera gel can be used as an
intracal medicament. Aloe vera is biocompatible and has no toxicity problem in the Cong
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term adjacent to the tissuer around the roof. Agar diffusion, broth diffusion, and different
contact method are the most conventional methods to evaluate the antibacterial property
of such components (Amjed et ai., 2017).
Aloe vera has potent antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. The
antimicrobial effects of aloe vera have been attributed to its natural anthaquinones,which
have demonstrated inhibition of bacteria. Aloe vera is commonly used in skin care
products for its sooting and moisturizing effects.
Antimicrobial Properties of Moringa Oleifera
Moringa oloifera (M.oleifera) is a fast-growing plant, native to the foothills of the
himalayas and now found through oat much of the topics (Brilhante et al.,2017). The
plant has been identified as a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer agent,
and abundant source of nutrients (Rani etal.,2018). Several studies have been conduct
regarding to the used of moringa oleifera to produce antimicrobial nonmaterial such as
silver nanoparticles (Bindhu et al., 2020), zinc oxide nanoparticles (lrfan et al.,2021)),
magnetilenanoparticles (Oliveira et al., 2021), Mgo nanoparticles (Fatigin et al., 2021)
vanadium nanoparticles (Aliyu, G.S.& bognet, 2017) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles
(Sivaranjani & Philominathan,2016).
However, the antibacterial activity of their Moringa oleifera-produced
nanoparticles against C.diphthenae and L. monocytogenes war not evaluated. Moreover,
Bio-Senps obtained from edible relenium and M. oleifera might have greater application
value than other nanomaterials mentioned.
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According to the ancient Ayurvedic texts, the use of moringa was already advised.
In the traditional Indian medical system, moringa oleifera was used externally in
poultices and ointment on wounds to heal infections and abscesses. Ingestion of the
proleinrich leaves ensures the intake of different compounds has been isolated from
moringa olifera. These include vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, C, and vitamin E, minerals like
calcium and iron, and many flavonoids, glucosinolates, terpenes, alkaloids, saponins,
sterols, fatty acid, and phenolic compounds (Abd Rani et al., 2018). Moringa is said to
improve alertness, enhance levels and healthy skin, and heal asthma, some throat, fever,
urinary tract infections, and diarrhea. Furthermore, it exerts anti-cancer, anti-diabetic,
tissue-protective, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects (Bhattachanja et al.,2018).
Moringa oleifera can be added to food to decrease the growth of bacterial
pathogens, and the seed powder can be used as a biosorbent and antibacterial agent for
water purification.
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research methods and procedures that will be utilized in
the study. It includes the research design locale of the study, the respondents and
sampling procedure, research instruments, collection of data, and statistical treatment.
Research Design
The researchers shall use a quantitative descriptive design in conducting this
study. This study is descriptive in design because it seeks respondents’ perceptions of the
sensory properties of the product. It will also use a collection of studies to determine the
antimicrobial properties of the hand wash soap. This design will be used because of its
appropriateness to the problem. It will be conducted with a scientific approach, where set
of variables is kept constant while the other set of variables are being measured as the
subject of the experiment. It is important for quantitative descriptive research to establish
the cause and effect of a phenomenon.
Research Locale
This study was conducted at Sanchez Mira School of Arts and Trades and selected
hotels and restaurants. This is where the researchers determined the approach to the
respondents for the study. Sanchez Mira School of Arts and Trades offered a
housekeeping course in the Senior High School. This is where the researchers chose the
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target respondents who were enrolled in housekeeping. Additionally, hotels and
restaurants provided the best setting for this research because it is where the chosen target
respondents worked in public establishments.
Respondents and Sampling Procedure
The researchers employed the purposive sampling method to select the target
respondents in this research. The purposive sampling method involves selecting samples
from the overall sample size based on the judgment of the survey taker or researcher.
There were 30 respondents composed of housekeeping students, hotel crews, and
restaurant crews.
Research Instrument
This study utilized a research-made questionnaire to gather the necessary data.
Sensory evaluation score sheets were used to gather data where criteria and directions
were indicated for the evaluator's guide. The questionnaire was experts validated by
research teachers.
Samples of the hand wash soap made of Moringa leaves and Aloe Vera extract
were given to the participants to examine the appearance, scent, texture, and foaminess of
the hand wash soap.
The following criteria in rating this product are:
Sensory acceptability was tested by the housekeeping students, restaurant crews
and hotel crews using the following 5- 5-point Likert Scale.
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Appearance - the appearance of the hand soap was evaluated by the respondents.
Scale Range Descriptive Value
5 4.50 – 5.00 Very Acceptable
4 3.50 – 4.49 Acceptable
3 2.60 – 3.59 Moderately Acceptable
2 1.50 – 2.49 Slightly Acceptable
1 1.00 – 1.49 Not Acceptable
Scent - the scent of the hand soap was evaluated by the respondents.
Texture - the texture of the hand wash soap was evaluated by the respondents.
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Foaminess - the foaminess of the hand wash soap was evaluated by the
respondents.
Treatments of the Study
Moringa Extract Aloe Vera Extract Glycerin
Treatment 1 50ml 50ml 100ml
General Procedure
The ingredients that are selected and will be used in making handwash soaps are;
1. Moringa leaves of the moringa will be used in this study as it has natural
antibacterial and antimicrobial properties.
2. Aloe vera extract of aloe vera will be used in this study as it has soothing and
moisturizing effects and it contains antioxidants.
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3. Glycerin this is a versatile ingredient in soap making that adds moisturizing
properties, transparency, stability, and lather to the final product.
Procedure on how to make moringa and acemanna (aloe vera) hand wash soap;
1. Wash the moringa leaves and aloe vera leaf.
2. Remove moringa leaves from its stem and scoop out the gel from the aloe vera leaf.
3. Blend the moringa leaves with distilled water.
4. Strain the moringa extract and aloe vera extract.
5. Melt the glycerin until it is completely dissolved.
6. Combine the glycerin solution aloe vera extract and moringa extract. Stir well to
ensure they are evenly distributed.
7. Add 3 drops of lavender essential oil.
8. Store the product in a cool, dry place using a plastic bottle.
Gathering Ingredients and Tools
Moringa leaves and aloe vera were gathered in the backyards of the researchers.
Other materials like glycerin, measuring cups, and plastic bottles are purchased online.
The tools that were used in producing the handwash soaps such as a pot to melt
the glycerin, a fine-mesh sieve or clean cloth used to strain the moringa extract and aloe
vera extract, and in finning the moringa leaves with the use of a blender provided by the
researchers.
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Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers requested a letter to the principal asking permission to conduct
the study. Data was gathered using questionnaires or the evaluators' reading direction and
it was presented personally by the researchers.
Statistical Treatment
The data was collected, tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted based on the
problems of the study using the following statistical tool.
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the significant difference
among three treatments of the produced handwash soaps.
Weighted Mean was used to determine the level of sensory acceptability and
effectiveness of moringa and aloe vera handwash soap in terms of texture, appearance,
foaminess, and scent.
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Chapter 1 3 Moringa and Aloe Vera Handwash Soap True

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ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES AND SENSORY ACCEPTABILITY OF

MORINGA AND ACEMANNAN (ALOE VERA) HANDWASH SOAP

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Antimicrobial properties and sensory acceptability are critical when evaluating

component of hygiene in hotels and restaurants. Proper hand washing is essential to

Hand washing soap is of paramount importance for maintaining personal hygiene

Virgin product, 2016).

According to Baca Villa Blog (2014), Moringa contains vitamins A, B, C, D, and

E. It contains more than 90 nutrients, 46 different antioxidants, and 8 essential amino

have been reported to possess antimicrobial activity against a wide range of

vera extracts increase skin moisturization through a humectant mechanism. The

composition of the extract, rich in hygroscopic mono/polysaccharides and amino acids

sensory acceptability of moringa and acemannan, aiming to promote eco-friendly and

researchers are interested in investigating the antimicrobial properties of these natural

development of new and innovative hand soap.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Moringa leaves  Blend the moringa leaves

Statement of the Problem

the following question:

3. Is there a significant difference between the three treatments of moringa and

acemannan hand wash soap in terms of sensory acceptability?

appearance, texture, scent, and foaminess.

2. There are no significant differences between the acceptability and effectiveness of

moringa and acemannan hand wash soap in the three treatments.

Significance of the Study

This study was conducted to determine the acceptability and effectiveness of

beneficial to the following:

 Hotels and Resorts- Maintaining proper hygiene and cleanliness is of utmost

by understanding the antimicrobial properties of Moringa and Acemannan handwash

reducing the risk of spreading infections.

 Public Establishment- Public establishments, such as restaurants, shopping malls,

acceptability of Moringa and Acemannan handwash soap can provide valuable

 Researchers- the study provides an avenue for researchers to explore the

antimicrobial properties and sensory acceptability of natural ingredients in hand soap

formulations and explore other potential applications of these natural ingredients in

personal care products.

Scope and Delimitation

respondents regarding the product's texture, scent, foaminess, and appearance. A

No laboratory testing was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the

workers from hotels and restaurants.

used in this study.

soap to inhibit or kill microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Characteristics of Aloe Vera

compounds responsible for these activities.

cultures (Haroon, Shahid, Hussain, & Raza, 2018).

an original bulb. However, Tom Reynolds, a London-based researcher, has drawn up a

weather or even drought periods.

Furthermore, chemical components also have the extraordinary knowledge to

(Prisa, & Gobbino, 2021).

of various nutrients with high biological value. (Makkar, H.P.S.,2019).

including extraction methods, composition analysis and fundamental characteristics

antioxidants that have anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticaranogenic, antimicrobial

without significantly effecting their organdeptic characteristics (J"ager, Meyer, A,

(ML), MS or a combination of both (MSL)also decrease triglycerides and total

Health benefits of Aloe Vera includes it application in wound- healing and

versatile healing and cosmetic properties. It is a rich source of many chemicals’

Mikolajc Zack 2018).

traditional system of medicine worldwide (Elesevier 2019).

Moringa oleifera Lam. is gaining worldwide appreciation, especially for its

in phytochemicals (flavonoids, isothiocyanates, phenolic acids, tannins) and has many

many other tropical and arid countries (Antioxidants 2022).

According to different studies, the bioactive components of Moringa plants are