CE423 – BRIDGE ENGINEERING

LECTURE 04: Design of Interior Slab

Prepared by:
Engr. Marlou P. Eyas
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

This lecture will provide knowledge about the

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

design of interior slab of a bridge.

 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Design of Interior Slab
 PRESENTATION OUTLINE

 Dimensions
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 Material Data
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 Design Data
 Load Analysis
 Design Moment: (+) and (-) moment
 Reinforcement (main, distribution,
temperature/shrinkage bars
 Flexure Strength Check
 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Design of Interior Slab
 Design of Interior Slab
Dimensions
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Length of bridge, L = 20.00 m

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Overall bridge width, W = 9.52 m

Roadway width, Rw = 7.20 m
Sidewalk width, Sw = 1.16 m
Sidewalk thickness, St = 250.00 mm
Thickness of wearing surface, tw = 50.00 mm
Slab thickness, ts = 200.00 mm
Girder width, bw = 400.00 mm
Girder spacing, Sg = 2400.00 mm
Clear span length, S = 2000.00 mm
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Dimensions
Design of Interior Slab
 Design of Interior Slab
Material Data
Concrete compressive strength, fc’ = 28 MPa
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COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Rebar yield strength, fy = 276 MPa

Unit weight of concrete, γc = 23.55 kN/m3
Unit weight of wearing surface, γw = 22.08 kN/m3
Design Data
Flexural resistance factor, φf = 0.90
Clear concrete cover, cc = 50.00 mm
Diameter of main bar, db = 16.00 mm
Diameter of temperature bar, dsb = 16.00 mm
Effective depth, de = 142.00 mm
Width of member, b = 1000.00 mm
 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Design of Interior Slab
 Design of Interior Slab
Load Analysis
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

1. Dead Load Analysis

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a. Self-weight of slab, W slab = b· ts · γc

Wslab = 4.71 kN/m

Mslab weight = W slab· S2/8

Mslab weight = 3.391 kN-m

b. Future wearing surface, W fws = b· tw · γw

Wfws = 1.104 kN/m

Mfws = W fws· S2/8

Mfws = 0.795 kN-m
 Design of Interior Slab
Load Analysis
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2. Live Load Analysis

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Table A11-1 Maximum Live Load Moment

per Unit Width, N-mm/mm

Girder spacing, Sg = 2400 mm

Girder width, bw = 400 mm

Note: For slabs, table for maximum

live load moments per unit width
may be used.
 Design of Interior Slab
Load Analysis
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2. Live Load Analysis

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Table A11-1 Maximum Live Load Moment

per Unit Width, N-mm/mm

Positive moment = 25.50 kN-m/m

Negative moment (150 mm) = 21.70 kN-m/m

Negative moment (225 mm) = 17.98 kN-m/m

By interpolation or shift + STAT,

Negative moment (200 mm) = 19.22 kN-m/m
 Design of Interior Slab
Design Moment
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Table 10.3 – 1 Load Combination and Load Factors

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 Design of Interior Slab
Design Moment
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Table 10.3 – 1 Load Combination and Load Factors (continued)

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 Design of Interior Slab
Design Moment
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Table 10.3 – 2 Load Factors for Permanent Loads, γp

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 Design of Interior Slab
Design Moment
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1. Positive Moment
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Strength I Load Combination

Mu = 50.056 kN-m

Service I Load Combination

Mu = 29.686 kN-m
 Design of Interior Slab
Design Moment
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2. Negative Moment
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Strength I Load Combination

Mu = 39.066 kN-m

Service I Load Combination

Mu = 23.406 kN-m
 Design of Interior Slab
Design Moment
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

3. Cracking Moment
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Modulus of rupture, fr = 0.62λ(fc’)0.5

= 3.281 Mpa
Note: λ is 1.0 for normal-weight concrete
0.85 for sand-lightweight concrete
0.75 for all-lightweight concrete
bh3
Gross moment of inertia, Ig =
12
𝐈𝐠 = 6.667 x 108 mm4
1
yT = 2 d
𝐲𝐓 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝐦𝐦
 Design of Interior Slab
Design Moment
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

3. Cracking Moment
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fr Ig
Cracking moment, Mcr = yT
𝐌𝐜𝐫 = 21.874 kN−m

Mu = φMn should be at least equal to 1.2Mcr

1.2Mcr = 26.249 kN-m

Remarks: Since Mu > 1.2Mcr, use Mu = 50.056 kN-m (positive moment)

Mu = 39.066 kN-m (negative moment)
 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

1. Main Bars (Bottom Bars)

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

= 0.00541

= 0.0502

= 0.03765
= 2.758 MPa

= 0.01065
= 1512.367 mm2
 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

1. Main Bars (Bottom Bars)

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

= 201.062 mm2

= 132.945 mm

Use 16 mm ⌀ @ 130 mm center to center main bottom bars.

As actual = 1546.631 mm2

 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2. Main Bars (Top Bars)

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

= 0.00541

= 0.0502

= 0.03765
= 2.153 MPa

= 0.00819
= 1162.926 mm2
 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2. Main Bars (Top Bars)

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

= 201.062 mm2

= 172.893 mm

Use 16 mm ⌀ @ 170 mm center to center main top bars.

As actual = 1182.718 mm2

 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2. Distribution Reinforcement
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 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

2. Distribution Reinforcement
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

For main reinforcement perpendicular to traffic,

A b
spacing of rebars, sdr1 = dr
570
𝐒𝐝𝐫𝟏 = 𝟑𝟓𝟐. 𝟕𝟒 𝐦𝐦 𝐬𝐚𝐲 𝟑𝟓𝟎 𝐦𝐦

S required
spacing of rebars, sdr1 =
% distribution
𝐒𝐝𝐫𝟏 = 𝟏𝟗𝟒. 𝟎𝟑 𝐦𝐦 𝐬𝐚𝐲 𝟏𝟗𝟎 𝐦𝐦

Use 16 mm ⌀ @ 190 mm center to center distribution bars.

 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

3. Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

3. Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

3. Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
 Design of Interior Slab
Reinforcement
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

3. Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

size of T/S rebar = 16 mm ⌀

area of one bar = 201.062 mm2
area of reinforcement = 0.226 mm2/mm

As = 0.226 < 0.233, use 0.233 mm2/mm

Ab
spacing of temperature/shrinkage bars, str =
As
𝐬𝐭𝐫 = 𝟖𝟔𝟐. 𝟗𝟐𝟕 𝐦𝐦 > 𝟒𝟓𝟎 𝐦𝐦
Use 16 mm ⌀ @ 450 mm center to center temperature/shrinkage bars.
 Design of Interior Slab
Flexure Strength Check
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

effective depth, de = 142 mm

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

actual reinforcement area, As required = 1546.631 mm2

Asfy
depth of equivalent stress block, a = 0.85fc′b
𝐚 = 17.936 mm
a
nominal resistance, Mn = As fy (d − )
2
𝐌𝐧 = 56.787 kN-m
factored resistance, Mr = φMn
𝐌𝐫 = 𝟓𝟏. 𝟏𝟎𝟗 𝐤𝐍 − 𝐦

Remark: Since Mr = 51.109 kN-m > Mu = 50.056 kN-m, therefore, the

section is safe against flexure.
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Thank you for

good day ahead!

listening and have a