Design and Analysis of Tied and Spiral Column with Additional

Discussion on Sei
Pu= ∅ 0.80 [ 0.85 fc ' (Ag− Ast)+fy Ast ] - Tied Column

Pu= ∅ 0.85 [ 0.85 fc ' (Ag− Ast)+fy Ast ] - Spiral Column

AXIALLY LOADED COLUMNS

DESIGN OF TIED COLUMN

Pu= ∅ 0.80 [ 0.85 fc ' (Ag− Ast)+fy Ast ]

Where: Pu=1.4 DL +1.7≪(2001 NSCP CODE)

Pu=1.2 DL+1.6≪(2010 NSCP CODE)

Ast=ρAg
ρ=steel ration

∅ =0.70 ( 2001 NSCP CODE )

∅ =0.65 (2010 NSCP CODE )
DESIGN OF SPIRAL COLUMN

Pu= ∅ 0.8 5 [ 0.85 fc ' (Ag−Ast )+ fy Ast ]

Where: ∅ =0.75¿

∅ =0.75 (20 10 NSCP CODE )

CORE DIAMETER = Dc = D-2 cover

π 2
Acore = Dc = Ac
4
π 2
Agross = D = Ac
4
π 2
Aspiral bar= ds =a s
4

Minimum Spiral Ratio, ρ s min

 ρ s min ¿ 0.45
[ Ag
As
−1
]
fc '
fyh

[ ]
2
D fc '
ρ s min ¿ 0.45 2
−1
Dc fyh

Spacing of Spiral

4 as (Dc−ds)
S=
ρs Dc2

Sclear = pitch = S -ds [ 25 mm ≤ Sclear ≤ 75 mm ]

ρ s=spiral ratio

ρ s=volume of one loop of spiral divied by volume of concrete core for one loop of spiral

TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT
AXIALLY LOADED COLUMNS WITH SHEAR LOADS
db
d = W – cover - d t −
2
Vu = ∅ Vn=∅ ( Vc+Vs )

Where: ∅ =0.85(2001 NSCP)

∅ =0.75( 2010 /2015 NSCP )

Vu = 1.4 DL+1.7LL (2001 NSCP)

Vu = 1.2 DL+1.6LL (2010/2015 NSCP)

Vc =
1
6 (
1+
Nu
14 Ag )√ fc' bd
Where: Nu = 1.4 DLaxial +1.7 LLaxial (2001)
Nu = 1.2 DLaxial +1.6 LLaxial (2010/2015)
Spacing of Lateral Ties
Vs Av
=
fyt d S
Maximum Spacing of Ties
1 d d
If √ fc ' bd >Vs use Smax = otherwise Smax =
3 2 4
A.) ALLOWABLE SHEAR STRENGTH FOR SIMPLIFIED CALCULATION:
1
1. For members subjected to shear and flexure only: Vc= √ fc ' bwd
6
1
2. For members subjected to an axial compression: Vc= 1+
6
Nu
14 Ag [ ]√ fc' bwd
B.) ALLOWABLE SHEAR STRENGTH FOR DETAILED CALCULATION
1. For members subjected to shear and flexure:
Vc=
1
7 [√ f c' +120 ρw
Vu d
Mu ]
bw d< 0.3 √ fc ' bwd

Vud
shall not be greater than 1.0
Mu
Where: Nu is negative for tension.
2. For members subject to an axial compression.

Vc=
1
7 [√ f c' +120 ρw
Mu ]
Vu d
bwd

4 h−d
Where: Mm = Mu – Nu ( ¿
8
Vud
shall not limited ¿ 1.0
Mu

Vc = shall not be greater than: Vc=0.3 1+

√ 0.3 Nu
Ag
√ fc' bwd

When Mm is negative: use Vc=0.3 1+

√ 0.3 Nu
Ag
√ f c' bwd

3. For members subject to significant axial tension: Vc=

1
6[1+
0.3 Nu
Ag ]√ f c' bwd

bws
Minimum area of ashear reinforcement: Av=
3 fy

Tied Columns:
Tied columns are commonly used and offer several advantages:

 Strength: They provide robust support for axial compressive loads.

  Stability: Tied columns are stable and reliable.
 Cost-effectiveness: Their design is economical.
In non-seismic areas, tied columns constitute over 95% of the total number of columns in buildings1.
Spiral Columns:
Spiral columns take a different approach:

 Shape: They are cylindrical, with continuous helical bars wrapped around the column.
 Helical Reinforcement: The reinforcement used in spiral columns is known as helical
reinforcement or spiral reinforcement.
 Transverse Support: Spiral reinforcement supports the column in the transverse direction.
 Ductility: Spiral columns are adopted when ductility is essential or when high loads make it
economical to utilize extra strength.
 Lateral Expansion Control: The spiral restrains the lateral expansion of concrete.
 Yielding and Deformation: Spiral columns exhibit marked yielding followed by deformation
before complete failure.
 Early Warning: They provide an indication before failure, allowing preventive measures.
Spiral reinforcement guidelines:

 Minimum of six reinforcement bars.

 Bar diameter should not be less than 12 mm.
 Maximum distance between longitudinal bars should not exceed 300 mm.
Spiral columns can withstand more loads due to their greater toughness and ductility compared to tied
columns.
Types of Columns:

 Tied Column: Longitudinal bars braced with a series of closed ties.

 Spiral Column: Longitudinal bars and concrete core wrapped with a closely spaced helix or
spiral.
 Composite Column: May contain a structural steel shape surrounded by longitudinal bars with
ties or spirals, or consist of high-strength steel tubing filled with concrete