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Textbook Ebook Supramolecular Coordination Complexes Design Synthesis and Applications 1St Edition Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju Editor All Chapter PDF
Textbook Ebook Supramolecular Coordination Complexes Design Synthesis and Applications 1St Edition Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju Editor All Chapter PDF
Edited by
Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad
(IITPKD), Palakkad, Kerala, India
Elsevier
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Contributors xiii
v
vi Contents
2.5 Conclusions 39
Acknowledgments 40
References 40
Index 477
Contributors
xiii
xiv Contributors
Lin Xu, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai,
China
Dawei Zhang, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes,
School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University,
Shanghai, China
Chapter 1
Supramolecular coordination
self-assembly—A general
introduction
Binduja Mohan and Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad (IITPKD), Palakkad,
Kerala, India
1.1 Introduction
“The snake biting its tail”—a life-changing dream of August Kekulé paved the
way to a new world of cyclic configuration that evolved from small molecules to
giant macrocyclic structures [1]. A keen observation into the essence of nature
raises the question about the formation of complex natural systems from simple
building blocks such as filament formation by the aggregation of actin monomers
in the cytoplasm of the cell, the generation of viral coat in various viruses through
the self-assembly process [1]. The curiosity to understand nature’s wonders led
to the emergence of new areas of science called supramolecular chemistry. The
discovery of “Crown Ethers” by Pedersen [2], “Cryptands” by Lehn [3], and
“Spherands” by Cram [4] in early 1960 were the stepping stones to the incredible
world of supramolecular chemistry. The synthesis of large macromolecules
through the use of conventional covalent bonds involves multistep reactions and
is thus time-consuming and laborious [5]. Therefore, for the past few decades,
the supramolecular self-assembly process has flourished as an alternative and ef-
ficient synthetic method for the synthesis of targeted macrocyclic structures [6].
Self-assembly is a process of generation of intricate supramolecular structures
from preprogrammed synthetic constructs that recognize each other through non-
covalent interactions. Among the various noncovalent interactions, metal–ligand
coordination bonding interaction has been considered a favorite chemical force
and used extensively in the molecular self-assembly processes for the design of
targeted supramolecular structures. This is because of their high directionality
which helps to predict the geometry of final structures and the moderate bond
enthalpy of 15–50 kcal/mol, which lies in between the strong covalent bond and
other weak noncovalent interactions [7]. This chapter highlights the importance
(A)
(B)
(C)
FIGURE 1.1 (A) Few selected examples of cis-blocked Pt(II)/Pd(II) 90° acceptors, (B) shape-
selective organometallic acceptors, and (C) shape-selective polypyridyl donors having different bite
angles.
«Le roy fit assembler à Lion tous les princes de son sang
et tous les chevaliers de son ordre et austres gros
personnages de son royaume: les légat et nonce du pape, les
cardinaux qui se trouvèrent en sa cour, aussi les
ambassadeurs d’Angleterre, Escosse, Portugal, Venise,
Ferrare et austres; ensemble tous les princes et gros
seigneurs étrangers, tant d’Italie que d’Allemagne, qui pour ce
temps-là résidoient en sa cour, comme le duc d’Wittemberg,
Alleman; les ducs de Somme, d’Arianne, d’Atrie; prince de
Melphe (il avait voulu épouser Catherine), et de Stilliane
Napolitain; le seigneur dom Hippolyte d’Est; le marquis de
Vigeve de la maison Trivulce, Milanois; le seigneur Jean Paul
de Cere, Romain; le seigneur César Frégose, Génevoi,
(Génois de Genova), le seigneur Annibal de Gonzague,
Montouan, et autres en très-grand nombre. Lesquels
assemblés il fit lire en la présence de eux, depuis un bout
jusqu’à l’autre, le procès du malheureux homme qui avoit
empoisonné feu monsieur le Dauphin, avec les
interrogatoires, confessions, confrontations, et austres
solemnités accoutumés en procès criminel, ne voulant pas
que l’arrêt fût exécuté, sans que tous les assistants eussent
donné leur advis sur cest énorme et misérable cas.»