D]\CBLCV CB]I _=49

Cmtucgizclh
Mýlinhs Cmtucgds
Qdrlclds y

Eiths
Mhbtdbilh ld gc Prdsdbtcmiýb
• Vdpcsh Ndbdrcg ld CB]I

•
Qistc Ndbdrcg ld ghs Dstãblcrds _=49 ld CB]I
• Prhaublizcmiýb ld ghs dstãblcrds sdgdmmihbclhs
• _=49.> (Prudfcs ld Mcgiamcmiýb y Qdriamcmiýb)
• _=49.33 (Crbés Mudrph Dbtdrh)
• _=49.3= (Dsgibncs Cfshrfdlhrcs ld Dbdrnåc)
• _=49.3< (]VL)
• _=49.3: (Cbmgcods)
• Prýxiehs Mcefihs y Dstãblcrds
• Dodepghs ld Mdrmclhs ld Cmrdlitcmiýb
• Dodepgh ld Ldmgcrcmihbds ld Mhbahreilcl
• Dodepghs ld Vdphrtds ld Prudfcs

• Sud ldfdehs hfsdrvcr

• Prdnubtcs y Vdspudstcs
Suidb y qud ds CB]I

Dg Ibstuth Bcmihbcg Dstclhubildbsd ld Dstãblcrds ( CB]I, phr sus singcs db

ibngés? Cedrimcb Bchbcg ]tcblcrls Ibstutd)

Ds ubc hrncbizcmiýb sib bds ld gumrh qud supdrvisc dg ldscrrhggh ld

dstãblcrds pcrc prhlumths, sdrvimihs, prhmdshs y sistdecs db ghs Dstclhs Tbilhs.

 Qhgubtcrihs (Acfrimcbtds, Tsucrihs y nhfidrbh)

 CB]I _=49 db cldgcbtd (Iblustric ndbdrcg)

 CB]I C30=6.6036 (Iblustric ld gc Mhbstrummiýb)

¸Sud ds CB]I _=498
•

Dstãblcrds dvcguclhs y ldscrrhggclhs phr

dxpdrths ld gc iblustric, prhadsihbcgds ld
gc sdnurilcl, usucrihs bcgds y acfrimcbtds

• Ld muepgieidbth vhgubtcrih, pdrh

shphrtclhs phr gc gdy
•

Clhptcb h mitcb
lirdmtcedbtd c H]JC
• Vdnugcmiýb Iepgåmitc
• Mgcusugc Ndbdrcg ldg Ldfdr
• Bh Phsddb mudrph ld cpgimcmiýb
• ‗Clvidrtdb cg mheprclhr―

• Vdmcpitugcmiýb ld \r
\rcbsimiýb
cbsimiýb Cnhsth 3<,
603>

C]]D (CEDVIMCB ]HMID\Y HA ]CAD\Y

DBNIBDDV])
Gistc ld ghs Dstcblcrds Cmtucgds ld CB]I _=49
•

_=49.0-6036 ? Ldbimihbds y bhedbmgcturc usclc pcrc gc prhtdmmiýb y ldtdbmiýb ld mcilcs

• _=49.3-6031 ? Dg mýlinh ld prhtdmmiýb c mcålc

• _=49.6-603> ? Ghs eåbiehs rdqudrieidbths pcrc ub mheprdbsivh ecbdoh ld ub prhnrcec ld

prhtdmmiýb c mcilcs

• _=49.=-603> ? Vdqudrieidbths ld sdnurilcl pcrc Gcbycrls y Gcbycrls ld phsimihbceidbth

• _=49.<-603= ? Vdqudrieidbths ld sdnurilcl pcrc ghs sistdecs ld Cuth-Vdsmctd/Csislh,

sufsistdecs y mhephbdbtds

_=49.1-6031 ? Vdqudrieidbths ld Dspdmimcmihbds y lisdóh pcrc sistdecs ld prhtdmmiýb c mcilcs

cmvhs

• _=49.>-6033 ? Prudfcs ld mcgimcmiýb y vdrimcmiýb ld ghs prhlumths ld prhtdmmiýb c mcilcs

Gistc ld ghs Dstcblcrds Cmtucgds ld CB]I _=49

•
_=49.33-603< ? Vdqudrieidbths ld sdnurilcl pcrc Crbés ld mudrph dbtdrh

• _=49.36-6009 ? Mhephbdbtds ld Mhbdxiýb pcrc ghs ]istdecs Pdrshbcgds ld Ldtdbmihb ld Mcilcs

• _=49.3=-603= ? Cfshrfdlhrds pdrshbcgds ld dbdrnic y dsgibncs cfshrfdlhrds ld dbdrnåc

_=49.3<-603< ? Vdqudrieidbths ld sdnurilcl pcrc ]VL pcrc ]istdecs Pdrshbcgds ld Ldtdbmihb ld

Mcilcs y Vdsmctd

• _=49.34-603< ? Vdqudrieidbths ld sdnurilcl pcrc Gåbdcs ld vilc ld ub shgh Cbmgcod y

Ldtdbdlhrds ld Mcilcs pcrc ]istdecs Pdrshbcgds ld Ldtdbmihb ld Mcilcs

• _=49.31-6031 ? Vdqudrieidbths ld sdnurilcl pcrc ghs ]istdecs ld Ldtdbmihb ld Mcilcs db

Dsmcgdrcs ld Csmdbsh

• _=49.3:-603> ? Vdqudrieidbths ld sdnurilcl pcrc ghs mhbdmthrds ld cbmgcods

• Bhtc? Cub jcy Dstãblcrds qud bh jcb scgilh qud cub sd dbmudbtrcb db ldscrrhggh phr

dg mheité, ghs mucgds ibmguyd? JGG, sistdecs ld mudrlcs, lisphsivhs ld ldsmdbsh,

]istdecs ld Vidg.
CB]I _=49.>-6033? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl
Pubths Mgcvds
• \hlcs gc prudfcs ldf
ldfdb
db sdr db ub gcfhrct
gcfhrcthrih
hrih cmrdlitclh
I]H?3>064

• Gcs prudfcs ld gcfhrcthrih shgh ldfdb sdr rdcgizclcs mhb ghs

dstãblcrds ecs rdmidbtds

• \hlcs gcs prudfcs jdm

jdmjcs
jcs db dg gcfhrcthrih ldg acfrimcbtds ldfdb
sdr tdsmclcs phr ub rdprdsdbt
rdprdsdbtcbtd
cbtd h ibndbidrh prha
prhadsihbcg
dsihbcg ld
tdrmdrhs

• Gcs prudfcs Bh ldfdb tdbdr muepgieidbth pcrmicg (thlh h bclc)

• \rds dspdmåedbds ld prudfc phr tdst, c edbhs qud sdc

dspdmimclh

• Dg acfrimcbtd ldfdb prhlumir ibahreds ld prudfc c

rdqudrieidbth

]i dg acfrimcbtd bh ds mdrmclh I]H?9003, ldfdb rdmdrmcrsd

mclc lhs cóhs.
CB]I _=49.33-603<? Db Prhublilcl
Prudfcs Vdqudrilcs
• Prudfc ld \irýb Dstãmh (<.=.4)
• Prudfc ld mcålc libãeimc Pids priedrh
(<.=.=)
• Prudfc ld Mcålc libãeimc Mcfdzc
Priedrh (<.=.<)
• Prudfc ld iblimclhr ld iepcmth
(<.=.1)

Vdqudrieidbths ld lisdóh
• Mhrrdc suf-pdgvimc (gc ecs iephrtcbtd)
(=.3.6)
• Crnhggc db L lhrscg(=.3.=)
•
Mhrrdc \rcsdrc (=.3.<)
• ]hstdbdlhrds ld Dsgibnc ( ]hgtclhs c
360 gfs.) (=.3.30)
• Htrhs pcrc Crbdsds mhb ecs pubths ld
cbmgcod, mcrcmtdråsmcs, dmt.

Mhrrdcs Cb-trcue
Cb-trcuec
c
CB]I _=49.36-6009 ? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl

Mhbdmthrds ub Mhephbdbtd cg ]istdec

Pdrshbcg ld Ldtdbmiýb ld Mcålcs

• Ldbd ghs rdqudrieidbths pcrc dg

ldscrrhggh, lisdóh, ecrmcmiýb,

mcgimcmiýb, eéthlhs
rdrh ld sdrvimih ld prudfc y
ld Mhbdmthrds

• Ectdricgds ld acfrimcmiýb
cprhfclhs

•
Vdsistdbmic db gc pudrtc ld ghs
ncbmjhs y Mcrcfibdrhs (eåbieh =100
Gf)
CB]I _=49.3=-603=? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl
Prudfcs Vdqudri
Vdqudrilcs
lcs
• Prudfc ld Audrzc Dstãmc (<.1/<.>)
• Prudfcs ld Mcålc libãeimc ld 1 y 36
pids (<.4/<.:)
• Prudfc ld Mcålc ld Mhbdxihbds
Lucgds (Lisdóhs db Y) (<.9/<.30)
• \dst Prudfcs Dstãmcs ld
mibtc cbmgcod (<.33)
• \dst Cfrcsiýb Mibtc cbmgcod
(<.36)
• Prudfcs Mhblimihbclcs (<.3=)

Vdqudrieidbths
•
ld Lisdóh
Mgcsimcmiýb ld 1― MG (Mcålc Gifrd) y
36―
• Vdqudrieidbths pcrc gc mhbstrummiýb
ld ghs gcbycrl
• Ghs rdqudrieidbths ld dqudtclh

ibmguyd? mgcsimcmiýb, audrzcs y

listcbmic ld ldtdbmiýb
CB]I _=49.3=-603=? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl

Mhbbdmthrs (Mhbdmthr
(Mhbdmthrds
ds / Lisphsivhs ld mhbdxihb )

Mgcsiamcmihbds. cfshrfdlhrds ld dbdrnåc pdrshbc

pdrshbcgds
gds sdnÿb CB]I
_=49.36-603=

 =.3.3.3 cfshrfdlhrds ld dbdrnåc ldfdrãb lisdócrsd pcrc ub eãxieh

ld 1 pids (3,:= e) ld mcålc gifrd (AA) iblimc mcålc gifrd cpgimcmihbds
y usucrihs mhb uub
b pdsh db
dbtrd
trd 3=0 y =30 gi
gifrcs
frcs (49 kn) -3<0.

 =.3.3.6 "36 pids" AA cfshrfdlhrds ld dbdrnåc ldfdrãb lisdócrsd pcrc

ub eãxieh ld 36 pids (=,11 e) cpgimcmihbds ld mcålc gifrd (AA iblimc
mcålc gifrd) y ghs usucrihs mhb ub pdsh dbtrd 3=0 y =30 gifrcs. (49 -
3<0 kn).
CB]I _=49.3=-603=? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl

Mcålc
Pids Gifrd ld 1
CB]I _=49.3=-603=? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl

Mcålc
pids Gifrd ld 36
CB]I _=49.3:-6031? Vdvisiýb
Vdvisiýb c prhublilcl
Prudfcs Vdqudrilcs
•
Prudfc ld Audrzc Dstãmc
• Prudfc ld Audrzc Libãeimc
• Prudfc ld audrzcs libãeimcs rdsilucgds
• Prudfc ld Mhrrhsiýb c scg pugvdrizclc

Vdqudrieidbths ld Lisdóh
•

= phs ld Mhbdmthrds ld Cbmgcod?

• \iph \ 5 \idfcmk
• \iph L 5 Ldahrecbtd
• \iph C 5 \hlh gh ldeãs
• Gcs prudfcs rdqudrieidbths shb gindrcedbtd
pcrc mclc dsgh
•

\hlcs gcs shglclurcs ldfdb sdr C^]/CB]I

mcgimclcs
• Ghs cbtdrihrds rdqudrieidbths qud dstcfcb
d stcfcb
db gc _=49.3-600>?
• Prudfc ld Audrzc dstãmc ld 4000
gfs.
CB]I _=49.3<-603<? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl
Prudfcs Vdqudri
Vdqudrilcs
lcs
•

Prudfc ld Audrzc Dstãmc (<.6.4)

• Prudfc ld Audrzc Libãeimc(<.6.=)
• Prudfcs ld Ldsdepdóh libãeimh (<.6.3)
• Prudfcs ld mcålc libãeimc pcrc ]VG-GD
(<.6.6/<.6.<)
• Prudfc ld Vdtrcmmiýb(<.6.1)
• Prudfcs mhblimihbds
cefidbtcgds(<.6.:)
• Prudfcs pcrc ]VG-V (= Qics) (<.=)

Mgcsd C vs. Mgcsd F

• Mgcsd C? Eãxiec listcbmic ld ldtdbmiýb ld
6<― (]d gd pdreitdb audrzcs ecs cgtcs)
• Mgcsd F? Eãxiec listcbmic ld ldtdbmiýb ld
4<― (edbhrds audrzcs pdreilcs qud db dg
mgcsd C)
• ]HGH HQDVJDCL; Dstc mgcsimcmiýb bh
dbd sdblh mhb cqudggh ld mhbdxiýb mhb
crnhggcs db L phr ldfcoh ld gc mcfdzc
CB]I _=49.3<-603<? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl

Mgcsimcmihbds ldg lisphsivh. ldfdrãb

mgcsimcrsd ld cmudrlh mhb dg
rdblieidbth libãeimh ld gc ecbdrc
sinuidbtd?

 Mgcsd C? listcbmic eãxiec ldtdbmiýb

ld 6< pugnclcs (130 ee)

 Mgcsd F? Listcbmic eãxiec ld

ldtdbmiýb ld 4< pugnclcs (3.=>6
ee).
CB]I _=49.3<-603<? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl

]VL
C Mgcsd
CB]I _=49.3<-603<? Qistc
Qistc db Prhublilcl

]VL
F Mgcsd
CB]I _=49.3<-603< (]VG-GD)? Vdvisiýb c Prhublilcl
_=49.3< ]VG-GD rdepgczc
_=49.3 ld 600>
_=49.< ld 600>
CB]I _=49.3< (3.6.3)
Prudfcs Vdqudrilcs pcrc ]VG-GD
• Prudfcs ld mcålc libãeimc hfrd dg
fhrld (Mhbtrcpdsh pdrpdblimugcr y
gctdrcg)
gctdrcg) (<.6.
(<.6.6)
6)
• Prudfc ld Audrzc dstãmc shfrd dg
fhrld (<.6.<)
• Prudfcs Mhblimihbclcs (<.6.:)
Pubths Mgcvd
• _=49.3<-603< rdquidrd qud thlhs gcs
prudfcs ]VG-GD sdc jdmjh shfrd ub
rclih ldg fhrld 0.004―
• _=49.3<-6036 Bh dbd
dstd rdqudrieidbth!
• Ghs ]VG-GD ldfdb tdbdr ub
mhephbdbtd cfshrfdlhr qud sd
mhbdmtd c ghs usucrihs
CB]I _=49.3<-603< (]VG-GD)? Vdvisiýb c Prhublilcl
Prýxiehs mcefihs y Dstãblcrds db CB]I _=49
• _=49.3: Ddmvh c pcrr ld? Adfrdrh 31 ld 603:
• _=49
=49.> ]d cprhxixie
ecb MMc
cefifih
hs Ec
Ecyhrds
• Vdehmiýb ldg rdqudrieidbth ld tdrmdrcs pcrtds
• Vdepgczhs pcrc rdqudrieidbths db Ldmgcrcmiýb ld Mhbahreilcl
• _=49.9 db Ldscrrhggh (Lisphsivhs ld Ldsmdbsh)
•

_=49.3=
•
Mcefihs
Fcsclh db dg Pdshld Mgcsiamcmiýb
(mheh ld ld
gc M]C) db vdz ]CGgc mgcsimcmiýb ld 1 y 36
pids
• _=49.3< Mcefihs ld Mgcsiamcmiýb ld ]VL
• Vdepgczc gc mgcsd C y mgcsd F
•

•
_=49.3>
_=49.39 Db
=49.3 Db Ldscrrhggh
Db Ldscrrrhggh (JGG)
Ldsc (]
(]is
isttdecs l
ld
dVViidg)
• _<49.3 Mdrmcbh cg gcbzceidbth (Mudrlcs ld Cmmdsh)
Dodepgh ld Cmrdlitcmihb I]H?9003
Dodepgh ld Cmrdlitcmihb I]H?3>064
Dodepgh ld ubc Ldmgcrcmiýb ld Mhbhreilcl
C pdscr ld qud bh ds ub lhmuedbth
rdqudrilh phr ghs Dstãblcrds CB]I, pdrh ds
ub hrdmieidbth ld cgth nrclh ld
trcbspcrdbmic
trcbspc rdbmic qud sd hrdmd c ghs mgidbtds.
Ecs cub si sd ibmguydb rdphrtds ld
prudfcs db dstd lhmuedbth

Sud ldfdehs fusmcr

• Bÿedrhs ld prhlumths cpgimcfgds
• Dstãblcr CB]I cmhrld c gcs prudfcs
• Vdphrtd ld prudfcs lhbld sd mitcb gcs
prudfcs rdphrtclcs pcrc dg prhlumth db
mudsýb

Bhtc Auturc? Dg ugeh fhrrclhr ld _=49.>-

6033 rdquidrd qud thlhs ghs acfrimcbtds
dbtrdnudb ubc ldmgcrcmiýb ld mhbahreilcl
mhb ub rdphrtd ld prudfcs c pdlilh

]d prhydmtc ubc cprhfcmiýb pcrc dstd 603:

mhb dadmvilcl c pcrr ld 6039
Dodepgh ld ub Vdphrtd ld Prudfcs

Vdqudrieidbths pcrc dg Vdphrtd ld

Prudfcs pcrc _=94.>

• \itugh / Admjc
• Bhefrd ldg Acfrim
Acfrimcbtd
cbtd
• Prhlumths Prhfclhs
•

Cmrdlitcmiýb ldg Gcfhrcthrih I]H

• Ghmcmiýb ld Prudfcs
• Dstãblcrds Cpgimcfgds
• Airecs ldg pdrshbcg qud cuthrizc
• Vdsugtclhs y mhedbtcrihs ld gcs
prudfcs
•
Mhblimihbds ld Prudfcs (tdep,
dtm.)
• \hlc gc ibahrecmiýb rdgdvcbtd pcrc gc
prudfc (ecsc ld gc prudfc, lcths ld
ghs dquiphs dsmhnilhs, dtm.)
Dode
Dodepg
pgh
h ld ub Vdph
Vdphrt
rtd
d ld Prud
Prudfc
fcss

Vdqudrieidbths pcrc ghs rdphrtds ld

prudfcs pcrc _=49.>
• Admjc/ \itugh
• Bhefrd ldg Acfrim
Acfrimcbtd
cbtd
• Prhlumths prhfclhs
• Cmrdlitcmiýb I]H ldg gcfhrcthrih
•

Guncr ld gcs prudfcs

• Dstãblcrds Cpgimcfgds
• Airecs ldg pdrshbcg qud cuthrizc
• Vdsugtclhs ld gcs prudfcs y
mhedbtcrihs
• Mhblimihbds ld gc prudfc
(tdep, dtm.)
• \hlc gc ibahrecmiýb rdgdvcbtd pcrc
gcs prudfcs (ecsc ld gc prudfc,
lcths ld ghs dquiphs dsmhnilhs, dtm.)
Dodepgh rdphrtd
rdphrtd ld prudfcs
Dodepgh ld ub Vdphrtd ld Prudfc

Vdqudrieidbths
pcrc _=49.> Vdphrtd ld Prudfc
• \itugh / Bhefrd
• Bhefrd ldg acfrimcbtd
• Prhlumths prhfclhs
• Cmrdlitcmiýb I]H ldg Gcfhrcthrih
•

Guncr ld prudfc
• Dstãblcrds cpgimcfgds
• Airecs ldg pdrshbcg qud cuthrizc
• Vdsugtclhs y mhedbtcrihs ld gc
prudfc
• Mhblimihbds ld Prudfc (tdep,
dtm.)
• \hlc gc ibahrecmiýb rdgdvcbtd pcrc gc
prudfc (ecsc ld gc prudfc, lcths ld
ghs dquiphs dsmhnilhs, dtm.)
 Lhbld CB]I BH ggdnc
C]\E A::>-3= Crm Agcsj

• Prudfc pcrc ldtdreibcr rdsistdbmic

rdsistdbmic cg crmh dgdmtrimh

• <0 Mcg/me6

• Cuthdsbnifgd

• \rctceidbth

•
Ectdricg fcsd

• Ldmgcrcmihb ld Mhbahreilcl csj

 Lhbld CB]I BH ggdnc
C]\E A::>-3= Crm Agcsj
Mhbmgusihbds
•

Dluqud c sus mgidbtds. Mhepcrtc dstd mhbhmieidbth mhb dgghs bh shgh phr gcs vdbtcs,
mhepãrtcgh phrqud pudld scgvcr vilcs

• Gc ecyhråc ld ghs usucrihs bcgds bh dbdb ildc ld gh qud Dstãblcrds

rdquidrdb

Dg mhbmdpth ld Mgcsd C y F ds ubh ld ghs qud ecs mhbausihbds ndbdrc dbtrd ghs
usucrihs bcgds

• Fhrlds Pribmipcgds vs Fhrlds Cgclhs (Ds shgh Ecrkdbn)

• Vdvisc budstrc lhmuedbtcmiýb pcrc cyulcrtd mhb dstd mhbmdpth (]VG Fhrlds
Pribmipcgds)

• Mucblh bh dstés sdnurh, pild ub rdphrtd ld prudfcs.

• Ghs Dstãblcrds _=49 bh shb pdradmths y gc ibtdrcmmiýb mhb H]JC pudld sdr euy
mhbausc, pdrh mrddehs qud dstcehs jcmidblh edohrds y ecs sdnurhs prhlumths