gahstdtusd

[cdiujjcb.
 ]lhtchf gahstdtusd

• Cscj gctc
Oahstdtulr (^lrchods)
Oahstdtutdah (Dhffrds)
 Elhurut pcrc cbjd

• Gahstdtusd Glsljurubch plrcturch-plrcturch

plrcturch-plrcturch `cdg ychf tlrtujds
ecupuh tdmcg tlrtujds ychf elhfctur slocrc elhfdgct ocrc-ocrc
`cfcdechc
ecsycrcgctslsuctu plelrdhtcbch mdsljlhffcrcgch mcjce suctu
 Blrech Bljjlr

• Gahstdtusd elepuhycd crtd jucs mcrdpcmc \hmchf-uhmchf Mcscr.

Gahstdtusd tdmcg bchyc `lrsdict yurdmds, tltcpd kufc sasdajafds mch
pajdtds
L.O._.Vcml mch F.^bdjdps, 346>  hcsgcb ychf elecpcrgch rchfgc
mch tufcs-tufcs pagag mcrd `cmch-`cmch plelrdhtcbch suctu hlfcrc
mch elhlhtugch pagag-pagag ocrc glrkc `cmch-`cmch tlrsl`ut.
Gahstdtusd cmcjcb slguepujch cscs-cscs ychf elhfctur glgucscch
plelrdhtcbch, bcg-bcg mcrd ychf mdplrdhtcb, mch bu`uhfch chtcrc
plelrdhtcb mlhfch ychf mdplrdhtcb (O.I. _trahf, 349>).
 G.O.Vblcrl, 346<

• Gahstdtusd cmcjcb glsljurubch sdstle gltctchlfcrcch

mcrd suctu hlfcrc, `lrupc guepujch plrcturch-plrcturch
ychf ele`lhtug mch elhfctur ctcu elelrdhtcb mcjce

plelrdhtcbch suctu hlfcrc.

• O.I. _trahfGahstdtusd cmcjcb guepujch cscs-cscs ychf
elhyljlhffcrcgch
elhyljlhffcrcg ch ;Glgucscch plelrdhtcbch (mcjce crtd jucs)Bcg-
bcg mcrd ychf mdplrdhtcbBu`uhfc
mdplrdhtcbBu`uhfch h chtcrc plelrdhtcb mch ychf

mdplrdhtcb (elhychfgut md mcjcehyc ecscjcb bcg cscsd echusdc)

Gahgjusd gahsdtusd cmcjcb 1
 Ecoce-ecoce gahstdtusd
O.I. _trahf elhurut

Gahstdtusd tlrtujds Cturch-cturch pagag mcscr hlfcrc, `chfuhch

hlfcrc mch tctc hlfcrc, mledgdch kufc cturch mcscr jcdhhyc ychf
elhfctur plrdglbdmupch suctu `chfsc md mcjce plrslgutuch bugue
hlfcrc Gahstdtusd tdmcg tlrtujds (gahvlhsd)@lrupc gl`dcscch
gltctchlfcrcch ychf slrdhf tde`uj
 ^le`cfdch Gahstdtusd
(Bugue Mcscr)

Bugue Mcscr
(Gahstdtusd)

]dmcg ]lrtujds
]lrtujds gahvlhsd
 Bugue Mcscr ]lrtujds
]lrtujds

• @dcschyc mdsl`ut \\M

• jl`db guct/elhfdgct mcrdpcmc bugue tdmcg tlrtujds.
• Elrupcgch `cfdch mcrd gahstdtusd
• Elrupcgch sue`lr mch mcscr `cfd harec bugue md
`cwcbhyc
 Bugue Mcscr ]dmcg ]lrtujds
]lrtujds

• Mdsl`ut gahvlhsd gltctchlfcrcch

• _dict Gahvlhsd;
c. Gl`dcscch yf `lrujchfgcjd mje prcgtlg plhyljlhffcrcch hlfcrc

`. ]dmcg `lrtlhtchfch mf \\M

o. Mdtlrdec ajlb sljurub rcgyct
m. _l`cfcd pljlhfgcp \\M uhtug elhfdsd glgasahfch bugue
• _ycrct-sycrct gahvlhsd
Mdcgud mch mdplrfuhcgch `lrujchf-ujchf mcjce prcgtlg
plhyljlhffcrcch hlfcrc
• ]dmcg `lrtlhtchfch mlhfch \\M 34=<
• Eleplrbctdgch pljcgschcch \\M 34=<