Instructor Subject Code Schedule

3A
M 7:30 AM - 9:00 PM
Mr. Iann Earl Maquiling IA312
S 9:00 AM-3:00 PM

Subject Title: CARPENTRY (LEC)

Module 4
INTRODUCTION
In carpentry, Joint means the union of two or more smooth or even surfaces admitting two or
more pieces of timber to a closed fitting or junction. Joinery is the art of joint making. It is an advanced
branch of carpentry that requires special skill. It is a work of precision making that requires not only
accurate tooling but also accurate in lay out.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Identify basic wood joints used in wood working,
2. Use appropriate hand tools in making wood joints,
3. Observe safety precautions and practices when working.

TOPIC DISCUSSION
WOOD JOINERY
The joint is the joining together of smooth or even wood surfaces, admitting two or more timber
pieces to a close-fitting or junction.

Joinery is the art of joint making. It may include fastening and or shaping the pieces of wood so they
fit together neatly and securely.

Common tools used in constructing wood joints include the following:

1. A handsaw with relatively fine teeth (backsaw and keyhole saw will do) for cutting
2. A variety of chisels for chipping
3. C- clamp or bench vise for holding
4. Try square for squaring
5. Pencil for marking
6. Pull- push rule for laying out measurements on the wood
7. A claw hammer to drive and pull out nails when joining

KINDS OF WOOD JOINTS

1. BUTT JOINT
- one wooden piece's end or surface is fastened or nailed to the other piece's end or
surface; considered as the weakest joint as it is commonly used as a temporary wood joint
especially in scaffolding

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2. MITER JOINTS

- both ends of the wooden pieces are cut at 45® angle, joined and strengthened with wood
glue or dowels, they will form a right angle (90®); customarily used for picture frame and
chalkboard corners.

3. RABBET JOINT

- a channel is cut across the end or edge of the first piece (an L-shaped cut) for the second
piece to fit into; found in simple furniture and some box construction.

4. DADO JOINT

- The first piece fits into a channel cut across the surface of the second piece (a U-shaped cut);
is suitable for shelves, steps, bookcases, book racks, chests and other types of cabinets.

5. DOVETAIL JOINT

- Used on the corners of the best drawers and chairs to join the sides to the front as
the interlocking of "pins" and tails" makes a strong joint.
 6. LAP JOINT

- half of the thickness of two wooden pieces are removed and is joined by overlapping
them together with nail, screw, or glue.

7. MORTISE AND TENON JOINT

- one of the strongest joints; the mortise is the hole made for the tongue to fit while the tenon
is a tongue-shape that fits with the mortise at the end of another piece; found on better quality
chairs, tables, and benches.

LEARNING RESOURCES
Please see the video thru this link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= -f7tTNRH_04 to
better understand the topic.
LEARNING ACTIVITY/IES
Direction: Read carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. The art of joint- making, including fastening and or shaping the pieces of wood so they
fit together neatly and securely.
a. Wood Joint c. Wood Splice
b. Wood Cut d. Joinery
2. The union of two or more smooth or even surfaces, admitting two or more pieces of timber to
a close fitting or junction.
a. Lap c. Joint
b. Joinery d. Lengthening
3. A kind of joint where the end of one piece is fastened to the surface or edge of the other,
which is popular in house building.
a. Butt Joint c. Lap Joint
b. Dado Joint d. Rabbet Joint
4. A kind of joint made when two pieces of wood cross together.
a. Butt Joint c. Lap Joint
b. Dado Joint d. Rabbet Joint
5. A kind of joint where the first piece fits into a channel cut across the end or edge of the
second place.
a. Dovetail Joint c. Mortise and Tenon Joint
b. Miter Joint d. Rabbet Joint
6. A kind of joint where the corners are cut at an angle usually 45
degrees. a. Dovetail Joint c. Mortise and Tenon Joint
b. Miter Joint d. Rabbet Joint
7. A kind of joint considered as one of the strongest joint.
a. Butt Joint c. Mortise and Tenon Joint
b. Dado Joint d. Rabbet Joint
8. A kind of joint used on the corners of the best drawers and chairs.
a. Dovetail Joint c. Mortise and Tenon Joint
b. Miter Joint d. Rabbet Joint
9. It is used to cut pieces of wood when making cuts and/ or
joints. a. Handsaw c. chisel
b. Bench vise d. try square
10. It is used to chip or remove unnecessary part of a wood when joining pieces
together. a. claw hammer c. C- clamp
b. chisel d. horse

REFERENCES
1. Villa, S. Jr. (2020). Wood Joinery. Introduction to Industrial Arts 1. Pp.76-77.
2. Fajardo, M. Jr. (2001). Joinery. Simplified Methods on Building Construction. Pp. 149-151.

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