Activity 1

1. Explain the functions of the Bureau of Alternative Learning System formerly

the Bureau of Non-Formal Education.
Answer: The Bureau of Alternative Learning System formerly the Bureau of
Non-Formal Education aims to open more educational opportunities for
Filipino citizens of different interests, capabilities of demographic
characteristics, socioeconomic origin and status as well as addressing the
needs of marginalized groups. Ensure the expansion of access to
educational opportunities for learners of different interests, capabilities,
demographic characteristics, and socio-economic origins and status; and.
Promote certification and accreditation through alternative learning programs
– both non-formal and informal in nature.

2. What could be the reason behind the re-naming of the Bureau of Non-formal
Education to Bureau of Alternative Learning System?
Answer:
WHEREAS, it is a declared State policy, “to protect and promote the right of all citizen
to quality basic education and to promote the right of all citizens to quality basic
education and such education accessible to all by providing all Filipino children in the
elementary level and free education in the high school level. Such education shall also
include alternative learning system for out-of school youth and adult learners.” (Section
2 of PA. 9155, The Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001)
WHEREAS, Section 12.1 Rules Xll of R.A. 9155 stipulates that “the alternative Learning
System is a parallel learning system to provide a viable alternative to the existing formal
education instruction, encompassing both the nonformal and informal sources of
knowledge and skills”;
WHEREAS, the Department of Education, through the Bureau of Nonformal Education
is mandated to ensure that all learning needs of marginalized learners are addressed;
WHEREAS, one of the most important initiatives in Nonformal Education in the
Philippines in the last 10 Sears is the Alternative Learning System (ALS, which is a
major component of basic education with a clearly defined role within the overall
educational goals;
WHEREAS, the ALS will respond to the need of a more systematic and flexible
approach in reaching to all types of learners outside the school system;

3. Executive Order No. 356 states that the Alternative Learning System is a
parallel learning system to provide a viable alternative to the existing formal
education instruction. What is meant by parallel learning system?
Answer: Parallel learning is simply the provision of both single-gender and mixed
classes operating on a co-educational campus.”

This means your youngling won’t be entirely isolated from the opposite sex,
which, of course can cause problems in adulthood when they suddenly realize
50% of the population is different. Rather, students are educated in either co-ed
or single gender settings according to their age, stage and developmental
needs. “Being on a co-educational campus allows students to freely play and
interact with one another in the playground, or opt for same-sex social
environments if students prefer to interact in this way.”

4. Research on whether or not a learner in the Alternative Learning System can be

mainstreamed in the formal system if given the opportunity. What procedure must
be followed?
Answer: The Alternative Learning System (ALS) is DepEd’s flagship program to
provide a viable mechanism to reach Filipino youth who are unable to access or who
have dropped out from formal school, as well as adults who failed to complete basic
education. ALS offers non-formal education comprising the Basic Literacy Program
(BLP) and the Accreditation and Equivalency Program (A 85 E). BLP aims to develop
the basic literacy skills of reading, writing and numeracy, while A 85 E provides non-
formal instruction across learning competencies that constitute a pathway towards
completing basic education. DepEd describes ALS as a ladderized and modular non-
formal education program for dropouts in elementary and secondary schools. The
program allows students, especially those who are already working, to attend their
preferred schedules.

Activity 1

1. The objectives of the Philippine educational system are stipulated in Section

3. Are these objectives still relevant? Compare them with the aims of
educational institution as stipulated in the 1987 Philippine Constitution.

Answer: Section 3. (1) All educational institutions shall include the study of the
Constitution as part of the curricula.

(2) They shall inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster love of humanity, respect for
human rights, appreciation of the role of national heroes in the historical development of
the country, teach the rights and duties of citizenship, strengthen ethical and spiritual
values, develop moral character and personal discipline, encourage critical and creative
thinking, broaden scientific and technological knowledge, and promote vocational
efficiency.

(3) At the option expressed in writing by the parents or guardians, religion shall be
allowed to be taught to their children or wards in public elementary and high schools
within the regular class hours by instructors designated or approved by the religious
authorities of the religion to which the children or wards belong, without additional cost
to the Government. And according to educational institution as stimulated in the 1987
Philippine constitution The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to
quality education at all levels, and shall take appropriate steps to make such education
accessible to all. (5) Provide adult citizens, the disabled, and out-of-school youth with
training in civics, vocational efficiency, and other skills.
2. Cite educational development projects aimed to achieve the educational
objectives.
Answer: S&T Scholarship under R.A. 7687 or S&T. Scholarship Act of 1994
(S&T Scholarship Program A)
 DOST-SEI Merit Scholarship (Formerly Project 5801 or S&T Scholarship
Program B)
 Junior Level Assistance Program (JLAP)
 BS Scholarships in Science Education.
 S&T Human Resource Development Planning
The POD Network prefers the term “educational development” (instead of, for example,
“faculty development”) because, according to Past President Deandra Little (2014), it
better “encompasses the breadth of work we do,” including levels (individual, program,
and institutional) and key audiences (graduate students, faculty, postdoctoral scholars,
administrators, organizations) served. “Helping colleges and universities function
effectively as teaching and learning communities”.

Activity 1

The rights, duties and obligations of the students, parents, teachers, administrators and
the school are classified in the Education Act of 1982.

1. List the rights and the corresponding duties and obligations of the different sectors
in the educational community.

Rights Duties and Obligations

Parents to inspect their child's Part of being involved in

educational records at your children's lives
 the school, to have them includes ensuring they
explained, if necessary, to are engaged and
request updates and challenged in their
corrections, and to have educational
their child's education environment, as well as
records sent to another supporting their learning
school in a timely manner along the way.

Teachers They have the right to be Teachers will be

recognized for certain responsible to the
freedoms, prohibitions principal for carrying out
against forms of policies of the Board as
discrimination, and they relate to the function
significant protections of the school, to the
against reasons for classroom, and to the
dismissal of the role at a immediate contact with
school. students and parents.
Teachers will be expected
to furnish such after
school time as is needed
for assisting students,
conferring with parents
and doing other necessary
out of school work.

Administrators accordance with existing Administrators are leaders

laws, regulations and who take pride in their
policies of the Ministry of strategic planning,
Education, Culture and tremendous support in
Sports, be accorded every sector, respect for
sufficient administrative the education system,
discretion necessary for including faculty, students,
the efficient and parents, and school board
 effective performance of members. Often admin
their functions. professionals are
managing multiple
situations at once and
unlike teachers, work
year-round.

Students Every student has  Meeting Academic

a right to pursue Expectations.
their education in  Being Punctual &
an environment that Respectful.
is safe, secure and  Being in the best of
conducive to behaviors.
learning. Students  Obey all the
have a right not to teachers.
be subjected to  Maintain discipline
harassment, sexual in the class as well
harassment, as in school.
bullying or  Keep the school
discrimination, neat and clean.
indignity, injury or  Follow the rules &
violence. regulations of the
school.
 Do the assigned
work on time.

2. What do the list of rights and duties tell you about the relationship of rights and
duties? Illustrate these with examples.
Answer: Rights and duties are closely related and cannot be separated from one
another. For every right, there is a corresponding duty. Rights are what we want others
to do for us whereas the duties are those acts which we should perform for others.
Thus, a right comes with an obligation to show respect for the rights of others.
Example, If we have the right to freedom, it becomes our duty not to misuse this and
harm others.

3. Explain the meaning of voluntary accreditation and deregulation.

Answer: Voluntary accreditation is a concept of self-regulation which focuses on self-

study and evaluation and on the continuing improvement of educational quality. It is
both a process and a result. Accreditation is a voluntary activity initiated by the
institution. It requires a rigorous self-evaluation and an independent, objective peer
appraisal of the overall educational quality. Accreditation emphasizes quality
assurance and a commitment to continuous quality enhancement.

4. You may wish to establish your school someday. What requirements should you
meet for the establishment and recognition of your school?

Answer: Starting a school requires the ability to raise money, monitor a budget,
manage a school and faculty, do public relations, work with a school council, and
understand fine-print regulations of special education, finances, and building codes. 3.
Rigorously assess and evaluate.

5. Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 is an act providing for the establishment and
maintenance of an integrated system of education. What is meant by integrated
system of education?

Answer: Integrated School (IS) refers to “a public school that offers kindergarten,
elementary, junior high school and senior high school education. With these efforts
along with support of the local government Unit in the City of Malaybalay learners can
now have better access to education. The true objectives of integrated education are
to: Provide the same opportunities and educational experiences for blind children as
those provided for sighted children. Allow blind children – and their families, neighbors,
and friends – to interact socially in normal situations.

6. Study the objectives of elementary, secondary, tertiary and non-formal education

(alternative learning system: You are accorded the opportunity to choose alternative
career lines in school administration, in classroom teaching, or others, for purposes of
career advancement. In which level would you choose to teach (elementary, secondary,
tertiary, alternative learning system). Why?

Answer: the level would I choose to teach is elementary. Because, Elementary

teachers have a unique opportunity to make a positive impact on children as they
implant a love for reading, writing, and math in young hearts and minds. Elementary
educators guide developing minds that are just discovering the thrill of learning and the
mysteries of the world around them.

7. Give a graphic presentation of the aims of the Philippine Educational System as

embodied in P.D. 6a of 1972; 1987 Constitution, Batas Pambansa Blg. 232, 1982;

Answer: Towards the realization of these objectives, and pursuant to the Constitution,
all educational institutions shall aim to inculcate love of country, teach the duties of
citizenship, and develop moral character, personal discipline, and scientific,
technological, and vocational efficiency. Establishes the basic policy and objectives for
education. It establishes the rights, duties and obligations of those in the education
community (e.g., parents, students, teachers, principals, non-academic staff etc.).
Provide for a broad general education that will assist each individual in the peculiar
ecology of his own society, to (a) attain his potentials as a human being; (b) enhance
the range and quality of individual and group participation in the basic functions of
society
Activity 1

1. List down specific knowledge and skills and values that you ought to learn under
each pillar of education. Where in your college curriculum do you acquire all these
knowledge, skills and attitude?

Answer: In sum, the purpose of the four pillars at learning of the individual level is to
ensure the continuous growth of a person. At the societal and global level, it educates
the individuals as a part of society or global village where they can develop social
responsibility necessary in building a better place to live. In my college curriculum,
learning to know, learning to do, learning to live together, and learning to be always
acquire in my knowledge, skills and attitude as a college student.

2. Cite at least one practice for each of the characteristics of a Child-friendly school.

Answer: It is inclusive of the children: it does not exclude discrimination or stereotype

on the basic of difference. It provides education that is free and compulsory, affordable
and accessible especially to families and children at risk.

3.Discuss the features of universal quality primary education.

Answer: Education in itself is an empowering right and one of the most powerful tools
by which economically and socially marginalized children and adults can lift themselves
out of poverty and participate fully in society. In order to do so there must exist equality
of opportunity and universal access.
Activity 1

Direction: Answer the following questions below.

1. Who are referred to as “teacher” in RA 4670? Who are not included although they are
school personnel/employees?

Answer: As used in this Act, the term "teacher" shall mean all persons engaged in
classroom teaching, in any level of instruction, on full-time basis, including guidance
counselors, school librarians, industrial arts or vocational instructors, and all other
persons performing supervisory and/or administrative functions in all schools, colleges
and universities operated by the Government or its political subdivisions; but shall not
include school nurses, school physicians, school dentists, and other school employees.

2. Discuss the safeguards in the disciplinary procedures in resolving cases of teachers?

Answer: the right to appeal to clearly designated authorities. No publicity shall be given
to any disciplinary action being taken against a teacher during the pendency of his case.
Common reasons for action include sexual misconduct, failure to fulfill contract
requirements, recruiting students as customers to a business they run, subverting a
licensing exam, and falsely reporting expenditures for educational programs. They have
a correct disciplinary procedure.
1. Get an initial understanding.
2. Investigate thoroughly.
3. Invite the employee to a disciplinary meeting.
4. Conduct the disciplinary meeting.
5. Decide on action to take.
6. Confirm the outcome in writing.
7. Right to appeal.

3. What provisions in the Magna Carta are bases of the DepEd policy?
Answer: The Magna Carta for Public School Teachers. The Magna Carta for Public
School Teachers aims to improve the social and economic status of public-school
teachers in basic education, their living and working conditions, employment, and career
prospects. Freedom to Organize. Public school teachers shall have the right to freely
and without previous authorization both to establish and to join organizations of their
choosing, whether local or national to further and defend their interests. Section 28.
Discrimination Against Teachers Prohibited.

4. Explain the meaning of “exigencies of the service” referred to in Section 6 of the

Magna Carta as regards transfer of a teacher from one station to another.

Answer: Exigencies of the service means where the demand of the service does not
allow the release of an officer and the remaining labor force cannot compensate for the
absence of the officer. Exigencies of service do not permit any delay due to waiting for
the result of a formal solicitation. Exigencies of service bind all employers; that reason
would be available in all cases where a request for extended maternity leave is sought.
The exigencies of a situation or a job are the demands or difficulties that you have to
deal with as part of it.

5. What are some disadvantages of the provision in Section 5 regarding teachers who
lack civil service eligibility but have rendered “at least 10 years of continuous, efficient
and faithful service”? Does this in anyway affect the quality of classroom instruction?

6. What can be examples of “discrimination” to the teaching profession based on

professional consideration?

Answer: Unprofessional behavior by K12 teachers includes teachers who are

uninterested in the success and wellbeing of their students, teachers who are unwilling
to teach, and even those teachers who seem too busy with other things to teach.
There shall be no discrimination whatsoever in entrance to the teaching profession, or
during its exercise, or in the termination of services, based on other than professional
consideration. PROVIDED, THAT, THE HIRING AND PROMOTION OF TEACHERS
SHALL BE BASED ON ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL MERIT AND FITNESS.

7. What can be some reasons behind Section 11 of RA 4670?

Answer: The Magna Carta for Public School Teachers otherwise known as Republic
Act No. 4670, was envisioned to provide programs for the promotion and improvement
of the well-being and economic status of public-school teachers. These acts are very
important to the public-school teachers. It protects the rights of the teachers like the
tenure of office, academic freedom, Tax reliefs, and other benefits.

8. Actual classroom teaching a day should not exceed six hours. What can be some
reasons behind this limit on teaching hours?
Answer: Children will be mentally and physically tired, there is only so much a child
can remember and understand within a day and the attention span of the students
couldn't take much time like exceeding six hours of teaching and learning. Due to
considering facts of the well-being of the students both physically and mentally. It is a
given that in school children often not just use their mental being but also their physical
energy to maintain attentive and active in physical education. The limit of only using six
hours is to maximize the limit of the children's learning abilities every day. Though this
limit may entirely be depending on the school's regulation it may be more or it can be
less. It can be different in each day due to unforeseen circumstances that the school will
need to take into consideration other than the children's ability to comprehend learning.
Activity 1

1. Why is it imperative to consider teachers as professionals and teaching as a

profession?

Answer: Teachers encourage students to be dedicated to studies and passionate about their
careers. Teaching is a profession and a mode to make students have more potential and learn
important lessons even about life like respect, sharing, ethical values, and cultures. Teaching is
a paid occupation; therefore, I believe should be defined as a profession. This definition serves
the suggestion that teaching is in fact a profession, because to graduate with a teaching degree,
you are required to be relevantly and formally qualified and to have completed the appropriate
teacher training.

2. What is registration by reciprocity?

Answer: means a registration granted by the Board to an individual to use the title
Registered Interior Designer or any derivation of the word based on the License or
Registration in good standing in another jurisdiction meeting the requirements for
Registration in this state.

3. Since when was every teacher required of Professional Teacher Certificate in order
to teach?

Answer: Professional teachers who have not practiced their profession for the past five
(5) years shall take at least twelve (12) units of education courses, consisting of a least
six (6) units of pedagogy and six (6) units of context courses or the equivalent training
and number 1 hours to be chosen from a list of courses to be provided by the Board and
the Department of Education, before they can be allowed to practice their profession in
the country.

Those who have failed the licensure examination for professional teachers, with a rating
of not lower than five percentage points from the passing general average rating, shall
be eligible as para-teachers upon issuance by the Board of a two-year special permit,
renewable for a non-extendible period of two (2) years The para-teachers shall be
assigned to areas where there is a shortage or absence of a professional teacher, as
identified and provided by the Department of Education and the Autonomous Region for
Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) education department to the Board for professional teachers
and to the Commission. The special permit shall indicate the area of assignment of the
para-teacher.

A special permit may also be issued by the Board to a person who has excelled and
gained international recognition and is a widely acknowledged expert in his or her
respective field of specialization."

Activity 2

Compare the composition, powers and functions of the National Board for Teachers in
Sec. 4 of P.D. 1006 and the Board for Professional Teacher cited in Article II in RA
7836?

Answer: The promulgation of Presidential Decree No. 1006 on September 22, 1976
formally organized the National Board for Teachers (NBT). Directly under the
supervision of the Civil Service Commission, the NBT was the first board to exercise
regulatory exercise over the teaching profession. It is hereby declared a policy that
teacher education shall be given primary concern and attention by the government and
shall be of the highest quality, and strongly oriented to Philippine conditions and to the
needs and aspirations of the Filipino people even as it seeks enrichment from adoptable
ideas and practices. the Board for Professional Teacher cited in Article II in RA 7836
refers to the Board for Professional Teachers duly established and constituted under
this Act. Commission - refers to the Professional Regulation Commission. republic Act
7836: Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994. AN ACT TO STRENGTHEN
THE REGULATION AND SUPERVISION OF THE PRACTICE OF TEACHING IN THE
PHILIPPINES AND PRESCRIBING A LICENSURE EXAMINATION FOR TEACHERS
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

Activity 3
Does the professionalization of teaching have an impact on you as a future teacher?

Answer: It makes a difference for students' productivity, belief in the norms of

appropriate conduct, professional activity, self-confidence, and satisfaction with
graduate school. Through the professionalization process, graduate students
also develop shared norms of science that transcend any one discipline. As a future
teacher, the professionalization of teaching has an impact on you because Dedication,
integrity and responsibility are elements of professionalism that make a person
successful in her field. By taking ownership of their roles and duties, professionals make
names for themselves and usually find promotion, opportunities and repeat business
come easily to them

Activity 1

Directions: Answer the following questions below.

1. What may be the causes of a teacher’s revocation of his/her certificate of registration,

suspension from the practice of the teaching profession or cancellation of temporary or
special permit?
Answer: A teaching certificate may be suspended for a period of up to one year or
revoked upon evidence of immorality, a condition of health detrimental to the welfare of
pupils, incompetence, unprofessional conduct, the neglect of any professional duty, the
willful failure to report an instance of child abuse or neglect, or evidence that the holder
of a certificate has been named as a perpetrator in an indicated report of child abuse or
neglect.

2. The Board for Professional Teachers is described as a collegial body in Sec.5 Article
II of RA 7836. What does collegial body mean?
Answer: Collegial body means a governmental entity whose power or authority is vested
within its membership. Collegial body means an institution in which the decisions are
taken not arbitrarily by the head of the institution, but by a group of persons by a
majority vote.

3. Which section of RA 7836 supports continuing professional education for teachers?

Answer: Section 26 known as Registration and Exception where requirements are even
more specified such as professional teachers who have not been teaching for 5 years
will be required to take 12 units of education courses which must consists of at least 6
units of pedagogy and 6 units of context courses or the equivalent training number 1
hours, to be chosen from a list of courses to be provided by the Board and DepEd
before they can be allowed to practice teaching in the country.

4. Based on RA 7836, is membership to the integrated national organization for

professional teacher’s mandatory?

Answer: One of the first professional regulatory laws which mandate the integration of
the profession was Republic Act No. 7836, also known as the Philippine Teachers
Professionalization Act of 1994, as amended. ... Membership in the AIPO for each
profession shall be also compulsory.

5. Is willful neglect of continuing professional education a ground for the revocation of

license?

Answer: continuing professional education a ground for the revocation of license is

willful neglected because as teachers, we often feel that we have lost a lot of our rights
when we enter the classroom. However, though our profession comes with certain
limitations, we still retain certain rights. As teachers, often in our careers we get told
when we can eat and when we can use the restroom. We often work eight hours
straight without so much as a fifteen-minute break that even a fast-food employee
enjoys. Your school district may give you long lists of rules that cover everything from
the shoes you can wear to work, to the types of pictures you can post on Facebook.
However, it is important for us to remember that we still have rights in the classroom
Activity 1
Direction: To give the correct answer, go back to RA 7836.

1. What amendments of RA 7836 were made by RA 9293 on the following:

 Number of units in professional education required of non-education graduates.

Answer: 18 units in professional education

 Registration of those engaged in teaching without examination.

Answer: “SEC. 26. Registration and Exception. – No person shall engage in

teaching and/or act as a professional teacher as defined in this Act, whether in
the preschool, elementary or secondary level, unless the person is a duly
registered professional teacher, and a holder of a valid certificate of registration
and a valid professional license or a holder of a valid special/temporary permit.

Upon approval of the application and payment of the prescribed fees, the
certificate of registration and professional license as a professional teacher shall
be issued without examination as required in this Act to a qualified applicant,
who is:

(a) A holder of a certificate of eligibility as a teacher issued by the Civil Service

Commission and the Department of Education, Culture and Sports; or

(b) A registered professional teacher with the National Board for Teachers under
the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) pursuant to Presidential
Decree No. 1006.

2. Other than para-teachers, who else are entitled to a special permit?

Answer: A special permit may also be issued by the Board to a person who has
excelled and gained international recognition and is a widely acknowledged expert in his
or her respective field of specialization.”

3. What is required of teachers covered by Sec. 26 of RA 9293 who have not practiced
their profession for the past five years?
Answer: Professional teachers who have not practiced their profession for the past five
(5) years shall take at least twelve (12) units of education courses, consisting of at least
six (6) units of pedagogy and six (6) units of content courses, or the equivalent training
and number of hours, to be chosen from a list of courses to be provided by the Board
and the Department of Education, before they can be allowed to practice their
profession in the country.