WHAT IS DENSITY?

• All objects have density, whether it's a solid, liquid or gas.

• Density (mass density) of a fluid is defined as the ratio of mass of a fluid to the volume
of the fluid.
• In other words it is defined as the mass per unit volume of a fluid.

𝑚
𝜌= Unit : Kg/m3
𝑉

𝜌 = density
m = mass
V = volume
 WHAT IS SPECIFIC GRAVITY?
• The ratio of the density of a fluid to the density of a standard fluid.
• For liquids, water is taken as the standard fluid where as for gases air is taken as the
standard fluid.
• The density of water is taken as 1000 kg/ cubic metre.

Unit : Dimesionless
WHAT IS SPECIFIC VOLUME?
• The ratio of the volume of a fluid to the mass of the fluid
• In other words it may also be defined as volume per unit mass of a fluid.

𝑉 1
Specific Volume, v = =
𝑚 ρ

V = volume Unit : cm3/g

m = mass
ρ = density
WHAT IS SPECIFIC WEIGHT?

• The ratio of the weight of a fluid to the volume of the fluid, Or weight of a fluid per unit volume is
called its specific weight.

Unit : kN/m3

γ = Specific Weight
𝜌 = density
g = gravity (9.81)