Indicative Mode

PANAGANONG PATUROL
PANAGANONG PATUROL

Narito ang ilang indicative na pandiwa na

pokus sa aktor (PA):
1) –um- acts of nature [umulan, bumagyo,
lumindol, kumidlat, kumulog[
2) Mag- can be used for borrowed words [mag-
bungee jumping
3) Ma- feeling verbs, function [maligo, mahiga,
matulog]; idea of becoming into a certain
state [masira, mamatay, mawala, mahilo]
PANAGANONG PATUROL
Halimbawa:
Kumuha ako ng papel. I got paper. (one single
action, pokus sa aktor: ako)
Lumiko siya sa kanan S/he turned right.

Kumaliwa kami sa kanto We turned (made a turn) on

the corner).
Nagtren sina Vera papunta Vera and company took the
sa San Diego train to San Diego.

Nalungkot ako. I became sad./ I was sad.

PANAGANONG PATUROL

Ang –UM- na pandiwa ayon sa ilan ay mas

internal na aksiyon. Ang aksiyon ng
kalikasan ay ginagamitan ng –UM-.
Madalas intransitive o walang direct object
/ tuwirang layon ang –UM- na pandiwa;
pero maari ring magkaroon.

According to some sources, -UM- verbs denote internal action. -UM-

verbs are also used to denote acts of nature.
PANAGANONG PATUROL
Halimbawa:

Umiyak ako. I cried. (intransitive,

walang D.O)
Pumutok ang bulkang
Mayon. Mayon Volcano erupted.
PANAGANONG PATUROL
Halimbawa:
Walang Paksa Subjectless
(The thing itself is doing the action)
Bumagyo noong isang
There was a storm last week.
linggo.

There is a storm.
Bumabagyo.

There will be a storm

Babagyo bukas
tomorrow.
There was an earthquake in
Lumindol sa California California.
PANAGANONG PATUROL
Halimbawa:

May tuwirang layon Transitive

(has a Direct Object)

Bumili ako ng barong na jusi

I bought a barong made of
sa Laguna noong nagpunta
jusi in Laguna when I went
ako doon.
there.
PANAGANONG PATUROL

Ang MAG- na pandiwa ay mas external na

kilos at malawakan. Ginagamit din ang
MAG- sa hiram na salita.

Ang “MAG+pangngalan” ay
nangangahulugang “having a relation
indicated by the root word.” ex. mag-ama
PANAGANONG PATUROL
Halimbawa:
Naglakad ang mga The students walked in P-
estudyante sa P-town sa Los town at Los Angeles the day
Angeles kamakalawa. before yesterday.

Tayo’y magsaya at Let us be happy for we are

maglalakbay na tayo. going to travel.

Nag-bungee-jumping sila They went bungee-jumping

noong isang buwan. last month.
PANAGANONG PATUROL

Ang panlaping MAG- ay maaring

mangahulugan ng kaugnayan o relasyon na
ang batayan ay ang salitang-ugat.

MAG-affix can mean a relationship indicated by the root word.

PANAGANONG PATUROL

Halimbawa:
Nagtaksi ang mag-ina The mother and child took
papunta sa airport. a taxi going to the airport.
PANAGANONG PATUROL

May mga salitang-ugat na pwedeng kabitan

ng –UM- at MAG- na mga panlapi at pareho
pa rin ang kahulugan.

Some root words can take both –UM- and MAG- affixes and retain the
same meaning.
PANAGANONG PATUROL

HALIMBAWA:
-UM- MAG- Kahulugan
bumasa magbasa to read
bumiyahe magbiyahe to travel; go on a journey
magbiyahe to travel and bring something, like
merchandise
bumilang magbilang to count
lumakad maglakad to walk
pumunta magpunta to go
sumayaw magsayaw to dance
sumulat magsulat to write
tumuloy magtuloy to enter; to proceed; to go on; stay in a place
PANAGANONG PATUROL

May mga salitang-ugat na pwedeng kabitan

ng –UM- at MAG- na mga panlapi pero
nagbabago ang kahulugan. Ang –um- na
pandiwa ay nangangahulugan ng simpleng
kilos.

Some root words can take both UM and MAG affixes but the meaning
changes. -UM- verbs denote simple actions..
PANAGANONG PATUROL
-UM- MAG-
bumili to buy magbili to sell
kumain to eat magkain to eat every now and then
kumamay to shake hands magkamay to eat with hands
lumabas to go out maglabas to bring something out
pumasok go to class, etc. magpasok to bring something in
sumama to come along magsama to take someone along
sumaya to become happy magsaya to have fun
tumayo to stand magtayo to establish, found
tumawa to laugh magtawa to laugh repeatedly
tumira to live, stay in a place magtira to set aside, leave
something
umalis to leave mag-alis to remove
umuwi to go home mag-uwi to take home
PANAGANONG PATUROL
Ang MA- at iba pang panagano.

Ang MA- ay pwedeng maging tulad ng

kalagayan ng isinasaad ng salitang-ugat
(becoming into a certain state indicated by
the root word) o kalagayan o kaya’y
nagpapahayag ng pakiramdam.
PANAGANONG PATUROL

May mga pandiwa ng pakiramdam na

nangangailangan ng unlaping ma- at
hulaping –an tulad ng maalatan,
maasiman, matamisan, mapaitan,
mainitan, malamigan.

Some feeling verbs need the prefix ma- and the suffix –an like maalatan
(to experience a salty taste) maasiman (to experience a sour taste),
mapaitan (to experience bitter taste), mainitan (to feel warm), malamigan
(to feel cold).
PANAGANONG PATUROL

Halimbawa:
Nalulungkot ang babaeng
nakapula. The woman who is in red
became sad.
HALIMBAWA
Kinusâ/
Indicative Function Di-sinasadya Accidental
Sinadya/Layon
mahiga to lay down mabangga to crash; to be hit
maligo to take a bath; mabasa (PO) to be read
to shower
Experienced mabasâ to get wet
matuto to learn mabasag to be broken
(glass)
masayang to be wasted
masira to be broken,
damaged
matapilok to trip, (misstep)
matumba to fall
maupo/ To sit/to fall
mapaupo accidentally on
one’s buttocks
Pakiramdam/
Feeling Hindi Kinusâ Involuntary
Damdamin
makita (po) to see
to feel uneasy;
maasiwa mauhaw to be thirsty
lack of grace & skill
to be surprised or to be
maawa to feel pity magulat
taken by surprise
mabagot to be bored magutom to become, feel hungry
magalit to become angry
maiyak/
mahiya to be embarrassed to cry involuntarily
mapaiyak
mapagod to become tired
masagot/
mainis to be annoyed, disgusted to answer
mapasagot
masayaw/
malungkot to be sad to dance
mapasayaw
mamuhi/ to hate;
matawa to laugh unintentionally
masuklam to abhor
matuklap to come off; peel off; detach
matukso to be tempted
masuya adnauseam, to the point of
mawala to get lost
masawa disgust
PANAGANONG AKSIDENTAL
Ang iba pang gamit ng MA- na pandiwa ay upang
isaad ang maaring gawin.

maamoy (PO) to be able to smell

maabot (PO) to be able to reach
mabili (PO) to be able to buy
makita (PO) to be able to see
makuha (PO) to be able to get
marinig (PO) to be able to hear
PANAGANONG PATUROL

Ang sumusunod ang ilang indicative na

pandiwa na pokus sa obheto (PO):
1) i-, (katumbas ng mag-)
2) -in-, (katumbas ng –um-)
3) -an, (katumbas ng mag- at kung walang –in o
i- na pandiwa)
PANAGANONG PATUROL

Ang i- na pandiwa ay aksiyon sa paksa /

topic o pokus ng pangungusap

The subject or topic undergoes or receives the action.

 PANAGANONG PATUROL
Halimbawa:
Iabot mo sa akin ang bolpen.
Ilagay mo ang tiket sa ibabaw ng
mesa.
Ibigay mo ang direksiyon sa
kaniya.
Iluto mo ang manok.
Itago mo ang pera mo.
Pass the bolpen to me.
Put the ticket on top of the
table.
Give the direction to him.
Cook the chicken.
Put away (Hide) your money.
PANAGANONG PATUROL
Halimbawa:

Itanim mo ang buto ng Plant the bitter melon seeds

ampalaya.
Isauli mo ang barong Tagalog. Return the barong Tagalog.
Masikip. It’s tight.
Ituro mo sa kanya ang papunta Teach (Show) him/her how to
sa airport. get to the airport.
Itapon mo ang basura sa Throw the garbage in the trash
basurahan. can.
PANAGANONG PATUROL

Ang ilang i- na pandiwang pokus sa

obheto (PO) ay may katapat na mag-

Some object focus verbs (OF) have corresponding mag- verbs.

PANAGANONG PATUROL
the subject the subject receiving
Pokus sa Aktor performing the action
Pokus sa Obheto the action

to give something
magbigay to give ibigay
(the object)

maglagay to put ilagay to put something

magluto to cook iluto to cook something

magtago to keep itago to keep something

magtanim to plant itanim to plant something

PANAGANONG TAGATANGGAP (BENEFACTIVE)

Benefactive Focus [Pokus sa Tagatanggap, PT]

The indirect object in AF sentence: for him/her

Ihiram mo ako ng maleta Borrow a luggage for me

sa kaniya from him/ her.

Ikuha mo ako ng taksi. (You) get a taxi for me.

PANAGANONG PATUROL

Ang katapat ng pokus sa tagatanggap (PT) na

pandiwa na I- sa pokus sa aktor (PA) ay mang-

ihiram to borrow something from someone

ikuha to get something for someone
manghiram to borrow
manguha to get

The equivalent of I-benefactive focus verb (BF) in actor focus

is mang-
PANAGANONG PATUROL

Ang pandiwang –IN- ang katapat ng –UM-

at –MAG- na mga pandiwa na pokus sa
aktor (PA). Pareho ng pandiwang –IN- ang
batayang kahulugan ng –UM- at MAG- at
ilang pandiwang MANG-

-IN- verbs are the equivalent of –UM- and MAG- actor focus (AF) verbs.
The verbs –UM-, MAG-, and a few MANG- have the same meaning as –IN-
verbs.
PANAGANONG PATUROL
Pokus sa Obheto Pokus sa Aktor

ayos- ayusin to fix, to put in order umayos to get better

basa- basahin to read bumasâ to read

basa- basain to wet (glottal stop) magbasa to wet

bili bilhin to buy bumili to buy
bura- burahin to erase magbura to erase
dala- dalhin to bring magdala to bring

gamot- gamutin to cure manggamot to cure

PANAGANONG PATUROL
Pokus sa Obheto Pokus sa Aktor
gawa- gawin to make gumawa/maggawa to make
gumupit/maggupit
gupit- gupitin to cut with scissors manggupit to cut
hiling- hilingin to request humiling to request
hingin
hingi- (ireg) to ask for humingi/manghingi to ask for
hiram- hiramin to borrow humiram/manghiram to borrow
inom inumin to drink uminom to drink
kain- kainin to eat kumain to eat
kopya- kophayin to copy kumopya/mangopya to copy
to get
kuha- kunin to get kumuha/manguha better
punit- punitin to tear pumunit/magpunit to tear
to cut (wood or string,
putol- putulin rope) pumutol/magputol to cut
sulat- sulatin to write sumulat/magsulat to write
PANAGANONG PATUROL

Ang pandiwang –an/-han ay maaring

pokus sa obheto, lugar, o direksyon. Ang
hulaping –an/-han ay may kinalaman sa
lugar o direksyon.

-AN/-HAN verbs may be object, locative, or directional focus. -AN/-HAN is

a locative suffix.
PANAGANONG PATUROL
Regular na Anyo:
Bantayan To guard the topic/subject/focus of the
sentence
Bayaran (PO, PD) To pay the topic/subject
Halikan (PD) To kiss the topic/subject
Hugasan (PO) Wash the topic/subject
Imbitahan (PD) To invite the topic/subject
Sulatan (PD) To write the topic/subject or on the subject
Samahan (PD) To accompany the topic / subject
Upahan (PO) To rent the topic/subject
 PANAGANONG PATUROL
Iregular na Anyo: May Nawawalang Letra
Asnan mo ang Maglagay ka ng asin sa
1. asnan- to put salt on the topic karne. karne
Bigyan mo siya ng Magbigay ka sa kanya ng
2. bigyan- to give the topic lapis. lapis
Bilhan mo ng turon Bumili ka ng turon sa
3. bilhan- to buy something from ang tindahan tindahan.

Tagatanggap
( Benefactive Bilhan mo siya ng Bumili ka ng damit para
Focus) Buy her a dress. damit sa kanya.

Buksan mo ang
4. buksan- to open the topic bintana. Magbukas ng bintana.
Kunan mo siya ng
to get something from the topic picture/Kodakan mo Kumuha ka ng larawan
5. kunan- or a place siya. niya
Dalhan mo siya ng Magdala ka ng pagkain
6. dalhan- to bring someone something pagkain. para sa kanya.
 PANAGANONG PATUROL
Iregular na Anyo: May Nawawalang Letra
7. higan- to lay on the topic Higan mo ang kama. Humiga ka sa kama.

Hingan mo siya ng Humingi ka ng pamasa

8. hingan- to ask for something pamasahe. sa kaniya.

Labhan mo ang Maglaba ka ng

9. labhan- to wash [clothes] the topic kubrekama kubrekama.

to put the topic or

something [Direct Object] Lagyan mo ng plastik ang X Maglagay ka ng plastik
10. lagyan- on the topic libro na takip sa libro

11. punasan- to wipe something Punasan mo ang mesa. Magpunas ka ng mesa

12. sakyan- to ride on the topic Sakyan mo ang Bus#10 Sumakay ka sa Bus #10

13. sundan to follow the topic Sundan mo siya. Sumunod ka sa kaniya.

PANAGANONG PATUROL
Iregular na Anyo: May Nawawalang Letra

to cover [with Maglagay ka ng takip

14. takpan something] the topic Takpan mo ang ulam. sa ulam.

to plant [something] on Tamnan mo ng kamatis Magtanim ka ng

15. tamnan the topic ang paso. kamatis sa paso.

Tawanan mo ang Tumawa ka sa

16. tawanan to laugh at the topic problema. problema.

17. tingan to look at the topic Tingnan mo siya. Tumingin ka sa kanya.

Tirhan mo ang Tumira ka sa

18. tirhan to live ont eh topic kondominyum ko. kandominyum ko.
URI NG AKSIYON: INDICATIVE
Pokus sa Obheto
Pokus sa Aktor
NG na aktor Ingles
ANG na aktor
[do the action on the topic]

bumili
bilhin to buy
mamili
humiram
hiramin to borrow
manghiram
sundan
sumunod to follow
sundin
linisin
maglinis to clean
linisan
maglaba labhan to wash clothes
ilagay
maglagay to put
lagyan
maghiwa hiwain
to cut
humiwa hiwaan
URI NG AKSIYON: INDICATIVE, CONT.
Pokus sa Obheto
Pokus sa Aktor
NG na aktor Ingles
ANG na aktor
[do the action on the topic]

matulog itulog to sleep

magtapon itapon to throw
iluto
magluto lutuin to cook
lutuan
ihulog to fall; to drop
mahulog
hulugan to deposit
ibigay
magbigay to give
bigyan
magputol putulin
to cut
pumutol putulan
URI NG AKSIYON: ABILITATIVE
Pokus sa Obheto
Pokus sa Aktor
NG na aktor Ingles
ANG na aktor
[do the action on the topic]

makapagsalita (No equivalent) to be able to speak

makaintindi maintindihan to be able to understand

makapaglakbay malakbay to be able to travel