Vascular Plants with Seeds

Vascular Plants with Seeds

Two main types
1. Gymnosperms
2. Angiosperms
 Gymnosperms
 “naked seed “ plants
 seeds in
cones or scales
 Includes: 5 phyla
1. Phylum Coniferophyta
2. Phylum Cycadophyta
4. Phylum Ginkgophyta
5. Phylum Gnetophyta
 Phylum Coniferophyta

1. Common name:
Conifers
2. Examples:
pines, firs,
spruces, junipers,
larches, yews
3. Needle or scale-like
leaves
4. Most of the
evergreen trees or
shrubs
 Phylum Cycadophyta
1. Common name: Cycads
2. Example : Cycas
3. Palm-like leaves, lives in tropics
4. Evergreen trees and shrubs
 Phylum Ginkgophyta
1. Common name : Ginkgoes
2. Example: Ginkgo biloba
3. Only one remaining species
4. Deciduous trees with fan-
shaped leaves
5. Fleshy seeds
6. Used as a memory-
enhancing food supplement
 Phylum Gnetophyta
1. Common name: Gnetales
2. Examples : Ephedra, Stimulant used in diet supplement
Welwitschia
3. Gymnosperm (“naked
seed” shrub or vine with
some angiosperm
characteristics
Welwitschia mirabilis
 Angiosperms
1. Plants with seeds inside fruits
2. Includes : trees, shrubs, herbs, or vines with
flowers
3. One phylum : Phylum Anthophyta

rhododendron sage grape vine

 Phylum Anthophyta
Contains two classes:
1. Class Monocotyledones
2. Class Dicotyledones

corn bean
 Phylum Anthophyta
iris

1. Class Monocotyledones (Monocots) Tiger lily

A. Examples : palm trees, grasses,

lilies, irises, orchids

orchid
 Class Monocotyledones
B. Embryos with one seed leaf (cotyledon)
 Class Monocotyledones
C. Parallel leaf veins
 Class Monocotyledones
D. Flower parts in threes or multiples of three
 Class Monocotyledones
E. Vascular bundles in stems scattered randomly
 Phylum Anthophyta
2. Class Dicotyledones (Dicots)
A. Examples: roses, daisies,
most deciduous
trees
 Class Dicotyledones
B. Embryos with two seed leaves

cotyledons

Bean seedling
 Class Dicotyledones
C. Leaf veins in a net-like pattern
(palmate or pinnate)

tion Pinnate venation

 Class Dicotyledones
D. Flower parts in groups of four
or five
 Class Dicotyledones
E. Vascular bundles in stems arranged in a
ring
pattern