DRAFTING

FOUNDATION
PLAN
FOUNDATION
 is the part of the building below the surface
of the ground which is sometimes called the
substructure.
What is the purpose of having a
foundation?

 The purpose of having a foundation

is to transfer the building load to
the soil without over loading or over
stressing the soil.
Types of foundation
 Pier foundation- is
one where the load
is distributed into
the soil by slender
vertical members of
timber, concrete, or
steel called piles.
 Spread footing foundation – includes all
those types where the load is distributed
into the soil by slender vertical membere
of timber concrete or steel called piles.
 T – foundation
consist of a footing
upon which is placed
a concrete wall or a
concrete block wall
forming an inverted T
and foundation is
popular in structure
with basement.
 Slab foundation – is
a solid slab of
concrete poured
directly on the
ground with
footings placed
where extra
support is needed.
 Matt foundation
assembles a mat in
that the foundation is
spread over the entire
area of the building
floor
FOUNDATION MEMBERS
 The structural members of the foundation
vary according to the design and size of the
foundation.
1. Footings – distributed the weight of the
building over large area. Concrete is commonly
used for footings because it can be poured to
maintain a firm contact with the supporting
soil.
2. 3. Piers and Columns – are vertical members
usually made of concrete, steel, or wood. They
are used to support the floor system and can
be used as sole support of the structure.
Foundation walls –
the function of the
wall is to support the
load of the building
above the ground line
and to transmit the
weight of the house
to the footings.
1. Isolated footing
– is one which
support s a
single column
post, pier or
other
concentrated
loads
1. Cantilever footings
– is one which
supports two
column loads and
consist of two
footings connected
together by a
beam often called
a strap.
4. Combined footing- is
one which supports two
column loads or
sometimes three column
loads not in a row.
5. Continuous
footing- is one which
supports a row of
three or more
columns.
 6. Raft or mat footing
– is one which extends
under the entire
building area and
supports all the wall
and column loads
from the building.
 Using CAD to Draw Foundation
Plans
The six steps used to draw a foundation
plan manually are similar to the steps
used when drawing with AutoCAD.
Below are the sequence in coming up a
Foundation Plan based on standard but
you may also innovate some techniques
which are familiar with you
 Firstly, plan your drawing. This includes
planning where the drawing will be created
and stored, the needed layers, line types, and
what loads will need to be supported.
Because you do not have the same kind of
accuracy problems when working with CAD as
you have with manual drafting, the CAD floor
plan may be used as an accurate basis for
drawing the foundation plan.
 Next display the floor plan, and then
begin the foundation drawing directly
over the floor plan on another layer.

 Draw the outer side of the stem walls

using the OSNAP command.

 Freeze all floor-related information once

the outline of the floor plan has been
traced.
 Use the OFFSET command to lay out the thickness of
the stem walls and footings. Corners can be adjusted
by using the FILLET or TRIM command.

 Change the lines representing the footings using the

CHANGE PROPERTIES command. By following the step-
by step instructions for a particular foundation type,
the plan can be completed.

 Use the dimensions used on the floor or framing plan.

Show the existing dimensions so that they are
displayed on the foundation drawing, or use the COPY
command to place the needed dimension in the
drawing. Use a layer such as BASE DIM for placing
dimensions required by the floor and foundation plans.
 Place any dimensions that were not placed on previous
plan views as needed on the foundation plan. This will
include the locations of openings in the stem wall for
any doors into the garage, foundation supports, and
braced wall anchor locations. Openings in the exterior
envelope that will be above a wood floor system do not
need to be located on the foundation plan.

 Type general notes and store them as a WBLOCK to be

reused on future foundation plans. Many drafters also
store lists of local notes required for a particular type
of foundation as a WBLOCK and insert them into a
drawing. Once inserted into the foundation plan, the
notes can be moved to the desired position.
 Store the foundation plan when completed
separately from the floor plan to make
plotting easier. Storing the foundation plan
with the floor and framing plan will save disk
space, and proper use of layering can ease
plotting. All foundation walls, bearing
footings, and support beams will be in their
correct locations.
Suggested Activity 1
Directions: Based on your acquired knowledge and skills in the
preparation of computer-aided drawings. Draft the following
structural details below, by selecting the appropriate CAD
tools/commands.