DCC2082

ENGINEERING
SURVEY 1
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY

LECTURER’S NAME: PUAN JAZLINA BINTI

MUHAMMAD
 GROUP MEMBERS

• MUHAMMAD AMAR BIN RUSMANI (08DKA15F1215)

• MUHAMMAD AMIR BIN RUSMANI (08DKA15F1216)
• IZZATI AMIRAH BINTI ABDUL MUTALIB (08DKA15F1221)
• NUR SYAZWINA SYASYA BINTI AZMAN (08DKA15F1222)
• MUHAMMAD SIRAJUDDIN BIN MOHAMAD KHIR JOHARI (08DKA15F1225)
 DEFINITION

• The branch of surveying which deals with any body of still or running water such as lake,
habour, stream or river
• Used to define shore line and under water feature
 PURPOSE
• Measurement of tides for sea coast work - E.g. : construction of sea defense works, harbors for
establishment of leveling and for reducing sounding
• Determination of bed depth, by soundings:
- for navigation
- for location of rocks, sand bars, navigation light
- for location of under water works volumes of under water excavation
- in connection with irrigation and land drainage schemes
• Determination of direction of current in connection with:
- the location of sewer any pipes or channel that carry waste water out falls
- measurement of quantity of water and flow of water in connection of water schemes, power
schemes and flood controls
 PROCEDURES

• System preparation and maintenance, including annual readiness review and periodic quality
assurance of hardware and software systems
• Survey planning including safety considerations and project instructions
• Data acquisition including sonar, horizontal and vertical control and ancillary data
• Data analysis, including software configuration and standard processing steps
• Data management including storage and security
• Final field deliverables, including digital and analog data and project reports
 BENEFIT

• To adopt the most efficient and effective preventive and remedial measures to ensure clean seas.
• To ensure Safe Navigation on the seas
• To identify the materials that impede smooth movements of the survey.
• Help to determine a clear transportation path for boats to make sure it more navigable and safe
 EQUIPMENT USED

Real-time kinematic global positioning system (RTK-GPS)

• Technique used to enhance the precision of position data derived from
satellite-based positioning systems (global navigation satellite
systems, GNSS)
 Single-beam echo sounder
• Single beam sonars measure the time
it takes for an acoustic pulse to travel
from the sonar transducer to the sea
bottom and back up to the sonar
transducer. 

multi-beam echo sounder

• The amount of time it takes for the
sound waves to bounce off the water
bottom and return to a receiver is used
to determine water depth.
 Single-beam echo sounder or multi-
beam echo sounder
• Type of sonar that is used to map the
water bottom.
Light detection and ranging (LIDAR)
• A remote sensing method used to examine the surface of the earth
Side scan sonar
• Side scan sonar is a specialized system for detecting objects on the seafloor. Most side
scan systems cannot provide depth information. Like other sonars, a side scan transmits
sound energy and analyzes the return signal (echo) that has bounced off the seafloor or
other objects.
Sector scan sonar
• Transmits sound and waits for it's echoes and translates those
echoes 
 REFFERENCES

• http://www.aboutcivil.org/hydrographic-surveying.html
• http://www.nauticalcharts.noaa.gov/hsd/SSS.html
• https://www.google.com/search?q=method+of+hydrographic+survey&oq.html