PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONAL

SYSTEM

Prepared by: Mr. Venzar Seddic Lintang

INSTRUCTOR OF Teaching Profession
QUIZ AFTER MY
DISCUSSION
II. Overview of Philippine Educational System

Mandate
 1987 1994 2001

  

1987 Philippine Constitution

 DECS is the principal government agency responsible for education and
manpower development.
 “The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education
at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible
to all." (Art. XIV, Sec. 1)
II. Overview of Philippine Educational System

Mandate
1987 1994 2001
   
Tri-focalization of Education Management
 RA 7722 and RA 7796 created:
 DECS for basic education
 CHED for higher education
 TESDA for post-secondary, middle-level manpower training and development

DECS
II. Overview of Philippine Educational System

Mandate
1987 1994 2001
   
“Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001”
 RA 9155:
 Formally renamed DECS as the Department of Education and transferred
“culture” and “sports” to the National Commission for the Culture and the Arts
and the Philippine Sports Commission

DECS
K-12 CURRICULUM
What FILIPINO Students Need to
Learn?
Our Filipino students should
prepare for adult life by studying
subjects that suit their talents,
passions, and aspirations and
enable them to contribute to the
sustainable future of our country
and the world.
No nations that scores
competitively on Program for
International Student
Assessment (PISA) exam puts
skills before content or focuses
chiefly on reading and math.
 PROPOSED ROADMAP FOR THE K TO 12 PHILIPPINE BASIC EDUCATION
PROGRAM
COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATION &
& LITERACIES
LITERACIES CRITICAL
CRITICAL THINKING
THINKING &
& PROBLEM
PROBLEM SOLVING
SOLVING CREATIVITY
CREATIVITY &
&
INNOVATION
INNOVATION

Grade K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Level
Curriculum
Program General Academic Program
Learning Domains

•Values Education
•Eng •English •English •Adv English EMPLOYME
EMPLOYME
•Physical health &
•Fil •Filipino •Science •Adv Science NT
NT
Core motor dev’t
•Social & emotional •Math •Mathematics •Mathematics •Adv Math
Learning dev’t •Science •Science & Health •Filipino •Adv Filipino ENTREPRENEU
•Cognitive dev’t ENTREPRENEU
Area •Creative Arts
& Health •Heograpiya, Kasaysayan at •MSEP •Contemporary R-
R-
•Language & Sibika •Social Studies Issues SHIP
THE
THE •MSEP (includes work, SHIP
Readiness for Reading•Sibika at •Values Education
LEA
LEA & Writing •EPP •TLE ethics, business
RNE •Language, Literacy &Kultura
•Edukasyong Pagpapakatao •Aptitude ethics, etc.) MIDDLE
RNE Communication •MSEP MIDDLE LEVEL
LEVEL
R
R
Exploratory stage of test SKILLS
SKILLS
career paths/choicesSpecial Program in: DEVELOPEME
-Arts DEVELOPEME
-Sports
NT
NT
Speciali- -Journalism
zation -Engineering Science Education Program
(ESEP)
NONE NONE NONE -Mother Tongue & foreign Languages HIGHER
-Technical-Vocational advocation HIGHER
- Agriculture/Fisheries
EDUCATION
EDUCATION
Consolidation of
- Arts & Trades complex knowledge &
skills; dev’t of attitude
& values as a result of
a strong liberal
Key Stage education. Adequate
Development of knowledge, skills, Development & mastery of Consolidation of knowledge & skills; preparation for the
Outcomes attitudes and values; mastery & complex knowledge & skills; development of attitudes, values, world of work,
dev’t of attitude & values aptitudes & interest entrepreneurship,
application of basic skill
middle level skills
dev’t & higher
education

ETHICAL,
ETHICAL, MORAL,
MORAL, SPIRITUAL
SPIRITUAL VALUES
VALUES LIFE
LIFE &
& CAREER
CAREER COMPETENCIES
COMPETENCIES
DEVELOPMENT OF SELF & SENSE OF COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT OF SELF & SENSE OF COMMUNITY NATIONAL
NATIONAL &
& GLOBAL
GLOBAL
ORIENTEDNESS
ORIENTEDNESS
Shortcuts in terminology
• K to12
• Present 10
• Add Kindergarten (K)
• Add years 11, 12 = “Career Academy” (2)
• Pre-College
• Senior High School
• Junior High School
• K+6+4+2 = K to 12
• BEC – Basic Education Curriculum
• GEC – General Education Curriculum
 K-12 BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAM

Reasons for Educational Reforms

•PH having the shortest education cycle in the world (14 years
6+4+4)
•Washington Accord for Engineering – at least 16 years
•Bologna Process for accountants, pharmacists, Physical Therapists
– 15 years
•UNESCO Education For All Plan of Action
Philippine basic education curriculum (BEC)
National Elementary School Curriculum
 1984 to 2002
New Secondary Education Curriculum
 1991-2002
Revised Basic Education Curriculum 2002
Secondary Education Curriculum
-Understanding by Design Model 2010
Issues with present BEC

• Insufficient mastery of basic competencies is

common due to a congested curriculum. The 12
year curriculum is being delivered in 10 years.
• High school graduates are younger than 18 years
old and lack basic competencies and maturity.
They cannot legally enter into contracts and are
not emotionally mature for entrepreneurship /
employment.
• Other countries view the 10-year education cycle
as insufficient.
Issues with present GEC

Heavier semestral load of students

No room for formation subjects
Increasing professional subjects
The variations in laboratory requirements pose practical
problems for smaller colleges with just enough
laboratories
Students not seeing the relevance of GEC subjects
Since only professional courses that need international
accreditation are under the Washington and Bologna
Accord, some courses should have lesser subjects.
 The Challenge

• Enhanced 10
• Lessen drop outs
• Decongest to improve learning
• RBEC
• Revised Basic Education Curriculum focused on just
• English
• Pilipino
• Mathematics
• Science
• Makabayan
• But it did not “decongest” the curriculum
 K-to-12 Basic Education Program
 The Republic Act 10533 or the Enhanced Basic Education Act makes 12
years of basic education for Filipino children compulsory.
 Primary and secondary education is currently reformed as part of the 'K-to-
12' project.
 Under this programme, education became compulsory for children aged 5-
18, which will include 1 year of kindergarten, 6 years of primary education
and 6 years of secondary education.
 The previous 'high school ‘became 'junior high school' (4 years) and the new
'senior high school' will last for 2 years (grades 11-12).
Senior high school core curriculum subjects
include the following:
oral communication;
reading and writing;
komunikasyon at pananaliksik sa wika at kulturang Filipino or
communication and research in the Filipino language and culture;
 pagbasa at pagsusuri ng iba’t ibang teksto tungo sa pananaliksik or
reading and comprehension of various texts for research;
 21st century literature from the Philippines and the world;
 contemporary Philippine arts from the regions;
media and information literacy;
general mathematics;
 statistics and probability;
earth and life science;
•physical science;
 introduction to philosophy of the human person;
 physical education and health;
 personal development;
 understanding culture, society and politics;
 earth science (taken instead of the earth and life science for those
taking the
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [STEM] Strand);
and, disaster readiness and risk reduction (taken instead of physical
science for those in the STEM Strand).
In senior high school, students will go through the core curriculum
In senior high school, students will go through the core curriculum as well as subjects under a
track of their choice.

Applied track subjects include:

• English for academic and professional purposes;
• practical research 1, which aims to develop critical thinking and problem-
solving skills through qualitative research;
• practical research 2, primarily for quantitative research;
• Filipino sa piling larangan or the Filipino language in a chosen field, such
as academic, sports, arts, and technical-vocational;
• empowerment technologies (for the Strand);
• entrepreneurship, which deals with the concepts, underlying principles,
processes and implementation of a business plan; and
• inquiries, investigations and immersions, the culminating activity in the
senior high school that aims to develop critical thinking and problem-solving
skills through both qualitative and quantitative researches.
 Secondary vocational education

The TESDA oversees and manages technical and vocational

education training (TVET).
There are 4 training modalities for TESDA’s TVET program:
 School-Based Program
 Center-Based Programs
 Community-Based Programs
 Enterprise-Based Programs
Admission to higher education
High School Diploma.
no national entrance examinations
Admission to some bachelor's programmes requires a
(recognised) bachelor's degree in a relevant
specialisation.
Higher education
Higher education in the Philippines is unitary.
CHED special order number
University and higher professional education
Higher education
 Bachelor,
 Master
 and Ph.D.

Associate programmes
Bachelor
4-year duration (although some (such as technology
based programmes) can take 5 years).
150-210 units
Some programmes have a duration of 6 years,
 Doctor of Veterinary Medicine
 Doctor of Dental Medicine

Center of Excellence
 M.D. and J.D.
Some degree programmes set a Bachelor as a prerequisite,
but are not master's programmes: these are programmes in
medicine (Doctor of Medicine, M.D.) and the Juris Doctor
(J.D.) law degree. Additional entrance requirements apply to
both programmes.
Master’s degree programme

Master’s degree programme

requires a relevant Master's degree
The number of credits is prescribed by CHED
Some programmes include the option of
graduating with or without a dissertation.
Assessment systems
HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
BACHELOR
BACHELOR DEPLOMA W/ SO #
BACHELOR TRANSCRIPT W/ SO#
 K to 12 Model developed by DepEd
• A Comparative Example: Science Conceptual
Matrix
• Old RSEC
• K to 12 Model
GRADE 7 GRADE 8 GRADE 9 GRADE 10 GRADES 11 AND 12
Scientific Method Balance of nature Chemical Newtonian Mechanics
Systems  
Sun-Moon-Earth Cell Composition of Electromagnetism
System the Atom pushed
pushed down to Grade 6 down to Grade 8

 
States of Matter Life Energy Elements in the Electronics
Periodic Table
 
Nature of Force Structure and Life Chemical bonds Wave motion
Functions of
Organisms  
Motion Genetics Chemical Acoustics
pushed up to Grade 9 Reactions
 
Transfer of Energy Evolution Behavior of Optics
pushed up to Grade 9 Gases  
Changes on Earth Biodiversity Solutions Thermodynamics
 
Relationships between   Colloids Nuclear Energy pushed
living and non-living down to Grade 9
things  

OLD RSEC for Science Grades 7-10

 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grades 11 and 12
Scientific method Human system Genetics Fluiddynamics ST Subjects for Medical
and Allied Profession

Humans as stewards of the Reproduction Evolution Thermodynamics ST Subjects for Food

earth Industries

Matter: measurement, Cell Chemical reactions Electrodynamics ST Subjects for Energy

classification, changes and Environment Related
Industries

Motion Atoms - structure, Thermal behavior Waves: sounds and optics  

functions, periodicity

The Earth Chemical bonds Radioactivity   If 6 units for GE courses

in Science:

Effects of soil related Causes of motion and Effects of human SPECIALIZATION: 1 ST Subject
problems and how they are laws of conservation of activities to climate biotechnology and
managed (lithosphere) mechanical energy and change added bioethics added
added momentum

  Effects of human   Genetics 1 Research

activities to atmosphere
added

      Electrodynamics  
      Thermodynamics If 12 units for GE courses
in Science:

        2 STS (Choice of 2)
 K to 12 Curriculum for
  Science Grades  7-12   2 Research
THAT’S ALL
“KOMAWA”