Bab 1 Asas bagi Kaedah Lukisan Teknikal

1.8 Pemilihan pandangan hadapan

　 Di dalam lukisan teknikal, pandangan
hadapan sangat diperlukan.
　 (Sesuatu lukisan teknikal boleh
digambarkan hanya dengan pandangan
hadapan sahaja, walaupun pandangan
yang lain tidak dinyatakan).
 Membuat lukisan pengeluaran supaya
mudah difahami oleh operator.
Figure 1.12 bedasarkan kepada bahan
(silinder blok) yang akan dipotong dengan
mesin Lathe.
Pemotongan luar Pemotongan Dalam

Alatan pemusingan (Pemotong)

  Membuat lukisan pengeluaran supaya
mudah difahami oleh operator.

Figure 1.13 Bahan (kesudutan) yang mendatar.

Pemotong
* Pemotongan
dengan mesin
Milling
Untuk menunjukkan sesuatu bentuk, Elakkan
penggunaan “hidden line” (dashed line).
Seboleh yang mungkin, gunakan “outline” (solid
line).

Pandangan sisi kiri Pandangan Pandangan sisi kanan

Hadapan

Figure 1.14 Contoh dimana “hidden line” (dashed line) tidak perlu digunakan.
1.9 Kaedah “Auxiliary View” (pandangan pelengkap )

(1) Local view

Pandangan Hadapan 右側面図

1.9 Kaedah “Auxiliary
View” (pandangan
pelengkap)

Pandangan sisi kiri dilukis dengan kaedah third angle

projection, akan tetapi ianya sukar difahami.
Gunakan pandangan asal untuk
melukis pandangan sisi kiri dan
kanan, untuk menjadikan lukisan
mudah difahami.

Pandangan Asal Sisi Kanan

Sisi Kiri
(hadapan)
 (2) Auxiliary view (pandangan pelengkap)
 Sekiranya bentuk asal pada bahagian slope
(lekuk) hendak ditunjukkan, lukiskan satu
pandangan bagi keadaan yang diperlukan.

View A
1.10 Kaedah illustrasi bahagian
 Kaedah yang menunjukkan binaan di dalam objek,
sekiranya “dashed line” (hidden line) menjadi terlalu
padat, seterunya sukar difahami.
(Sekiranya lukisan tersebut hanya menunjukkan
bahagian yang dikehendaki, hatching tidak perlu dibuat.)

b) Keadah bagi “step

a) Keadah bagi “full section” section”
c) Keadah bagi “acute d) Keadah bagi
angle section method” “rectangular section”
e) Keadah bagi “several f) Keadah bagi “half
composite sections” section”
g) Keadah bagi “local h) Keadah bagi “revolved
section” section”
 Full sectional view
 Sectional view cut by basic centerlines

Basic
centerline

Third angle projection method (front view)

Step sectional view
Method of acute angle section
Ａ

ＯＯ

Ａ
Revolving
Ａ
Section AOA
Method of
right angle
section
Half sectional view
 Sectional view where only upper or right
half of the basic centerline is cut

Basic
centerline

(front view)
Local sectional view
Only the required area of a part is partially
cut to indicate the internal shape.

Break line
Method of revolved section
To illustrate the section of the intermediate portion of
a long object:
 Draw the section where the part is cut.
 Draw the section on an extension of the cut line.

A B C

A C
B

Section AA Section BB Section CC

 Items that must not be cut
 As the entire part
a) Shafts
b) Threaded fastener
(bolt and nut)
c) Rivet
d) Key
e) Pins (parallel pin,
taper pin, knock-pin)
 Items that must not be cut
Rib
 Specific portion of a part
(reinforcing
a) Ribs that form a part of an member)
article
b) Gear, handle, and wheel
c) Handle grip
d) Knob of thumbscrew
e) Teeth of a gear
f) Impeller vane
 Full sectional view
 Half sectional view
 Step sectional view
 Half sectional view
 Revolved sectional view
1.11 Special Illustration Method

1) Development illustraion ( expanded

diagrams )
2) Revolution illustration ( rotating graphic
display )
3) Common illustration ( conventional
graphic display )
4) Omitted illustration
(1) Development illustration
(2) Revolution illustration
(3) Common illustration

If the intersection of planes is not round

If the intersection of planes is round

1) Illustration of line of intersection
Line of intersection = Line formed at the
intersection of solids

Line of intersection
2) Illustration of a part having partially
specific shape
3) Illustration of planar portion
(4) Omitted illustration
1) Omission of hidden line
A hidden line should be omitted if it hinders
understanding.

2) Omission of intermediate portion

Problem "Section Illustration Method "