The waste management of

textile
Zaidah Bte Guman
2007141949
EHD4B
Industrial Process
 Introduction
• Textiles are manufactured to perform a wide range of
functions and are made up of different types of fibers
mixed in varying proportions. The two main fiber
types most commonly found blended and dyed to
make textiles are natural fibers and synthetic fibers.
Natural fibers include vegetable fibers such as cotton,
flax and hemp, animal fibers such as sheep's wool,
and mineral fibers such as asbestos. Synthetic fibers
are polymers based on petroleum and cellulose such
as nylon.
 The manufacturing of textile
process
 Pretreatment of cellulose fabric
 Dyeing Process
 Finishing
The diagram of textile process
The textile waste management

There are several waste from textile process such as

waste water and dye waste from coloring process. These
wastes must be managed properly before it gives a bad
effect to human health and our environment. There are
some ways to reduce this waste of textile:-
•Dyes without water
•Color Removal from Textile and other Industrial
Wastewater using Ozone
•Dyes without water
Traditional dispersion dyes for polyester fibers involve high
water and energy consumption – between 40 and 140 liters of
clean water are needed to dye one kilogram of textiles, and a
similar volume of polluted waste water is produced. Since
polyester must be dyed at temperatures around 130°C, the
energy requirements are also high. In addition, water-based
systems also require auxiliary chemicals, some of which enter
the waste water in significant quantities.
The polyester fibers are dyed using carbon
dioxide (CO2).
This requires no water and produces no sewage.
Additional dye chemicals are not required at any
stage of the process. The CO2 is taken from
natural resources – air or natural gas fields – and
can be returned to nature in an equally pure
state or recycled almost completely.
•Color Removal from Textile and other Industrial
Wastewater using Ozone
Ozone has been used for successfully for removal of
color from textile wastewater streams in plants around
the world as well as in other industrial wastewater
processes.  In wastewater treatment, ozone is often used
in conjunction with biological treatment systems such
as activated sludge.  Organic dyes are mostly refractory
due to their large molecular size and they can be poorly
removed by adsorption on activated sludge.  In some
cases ozone has been used before the biological process,
but mainly after biological treatment.  
The environment effect
The end......