Formation of D.Es.

Problem : Form the Differential Equations by eliminating the

constants.

Form the D.E. corresponding to the equations

(a) y =ax + bx 2 (b) c( y +c)2 =x 3
(c) y =ae 2x + be - 3x + ce x (d ) y =cx + c - c 3
(e) e 2 y +2cxe y +c 2 =0 ( f ) xy =ae x +be - x
( g) xy =Ae x + Be - x + x 2

10/30/2020 1
 Formation of D.E.
2
Problem : Form the D.E. corresponding the equation y =ax +bx
Solution: Given that
y =ax + bx 2 (1)
Differenting both sides w. r. to x , we get
dy
=a +2bx (2)
dx
Again differenting both sides w. r. to x
d2 y 1 d2 y
2
=2b Þ b =
dx 2 dx 2

Putting the value of b in equation (2), we get

dy 1 d2 y d2 y
=a +2. x =a + 2 x
dx 2 dx 2
dx
dy d2 y
Þ a= - x 2
dx dx
10/30/2020 2
 Formation of D.E.

Putting the values of a and b in equation (1), we get

æ dy d2 y ö 1 d2 y 2
y =ç - x 2 ÷x + x
è dx dx ø 2 dx 2

2
dy 2d y 1 d2 y 2
=x - x + x
dx dx 2
2 dx 2

dy 1 d 2 y 2
=x - x
dx 2 dx 2

2
dy 2d y
Þ 2 y =2x - x
dx dx 2
2
2d y dy which is a D.E. of second order and
Þ x - 2x +2 y =0
dx 2 dx first degree.

10/30/2020 3
 Formation of D.E.
Solution (b): Given that
c( y + c)2 =x 3 (1)
Differenting both sides w. r. to x we get,
dy
2c( y + c). =3x 2 (2)
dx
Dividing (1) by (2), we get
y +c x
=
2 dy /dx 3
dy 2 dy
Þ 3( y + c) =2x Þ y +c = x
dx 3 dx
2 dy
Þ c= x - y
3 dx
Now putting the value of c in equation (1), we get
æ 2 dy ö 2 dy dy 2
ç2. x - 2 y ÷ ( y + x - y ). =3x
è 3 dx ø 3 dx dx
æ4 dy ö 2 dy dy
Þ ç x - 2 y ÷. x . =3x 2
10/30/2020 è3 dx ø 3 dx dx 4
 Formation of D.E.
3 2
8 2 æ dy ö 4 ædy ö
Þ x ç ÷ - xy ç ÷ =3x 2
9 è dx ø 3 èdx ø
3 2
ædy ö ædy ö
Þ 8x ç ÷ - 12 y ç ÷ - 27x =0 which is a D.E. of first order and
èdx ø èdx ø
3rd degree.

10/30/2020 5
 Formation of D.E.
Given that y =ae 2x + be - 3x + ce x (1)
Solution (c):
Differenting both sides w. r. to x , we get
dy
=2ae 2x - 3be - 3x + ce x (2)
dx
Again differenting w. r. to x , we get
d2 y x
=4ae 2x
+ 9be - 3x
+ ce (3)
dx 2
Again differenting w. r. to x
d3 y 2x - 3x x
=8ae - 27be + ce
dx 3
d3 y
Þ =14ae 2x - 21be - 3x +7ce x - 6ae 2x - 6be - 3x - 6ce x
dx 3
d3 y
Þ =7(2ae 2x - 3be - 3x + ce x )- 6(ae 2x + be - 3x + ce x )
dx 3
d3 y dy
Þ =7 - 6y [using (2) and (1)]
dx 3 dx
d3 y dy
10/30/2020 Þ -7 +6 y =0 6
dx 3 dx
 Formation of D.E.
Solution (e): Given that e 2 y +2cxe y + c 2 =0 (1)
Differenting both sides w. r. to x , we get
2 y dy
æ y dy y
ö
e 2 +2c ç xe + e .1÷+0 =0
dx è dx ø

dy
y
æ dy ö
Þ e + c çx +1÷=0 [Dividing by 2e y ]
dx è dx ø
dy
- ey
Þ c= dx
dy
x +1
dx
Now, putting the value of c in equation (1), we get
2
dy 2 y æ dy ö
-e y e ç
2y dx y è dx ÷
ø
e +2 xe + =0
dy æ dy ö
2
x +1 x +1÷
dx ç
è dx ø
10/30/2020 7
 Formation of D.E.
2 2
æ dy ö dy æ dy ö ædy ö
Þ ç x +1÷ - 2x çx +1÷+ ç ÷ =0
è dx ø dx è dx ø èdx ø
2 2 2
æ ö
2 dy dy æ ö
2 dy dy ædy ö
Þ x ç ÷ +2x +1- 2x ç ÷ - 2x + ç ÷ =0
èdx ø dx èdx ø dx èdx ø
2 2 2
æ ö ædy ö
2 dy
ædy ö 2
Þ 1- x ç ÷ + ç ÷ =0 Þ ç ÷ (x - 1) =1
èdx ø èdx ø èdx ø
which is a D.E. of first order and
second degree.

10/30/2020 8
 Formation of D.E.
Solution (g): Given that xy =Ae x + Be - x + x 2 (1)

Differenting both sides w. r. to x , we get

dy
x + y.1 =Ae x - Be - x +2x
dx
Again differenting both sides w. r. to x
d 2 y dy dy
x 2 + .1+ =Ae x + Be - x +2
dx dx dx

d2 y dy
Þ x 2 +2 + x 2 =Ae x + Be - x + x 2 +2
dx dx
d2 y dy
Þ x 2 +2 + x 2 =xy +2 using (1)
dx dx
which is a D.E. of second order and
first degree.
10/30/2020 9