GAS LAWS

STUDY TIP
 BOYLES LAW

• Relates Volume and Pressure

• Volume is inversely proportional to Pressure

• Demonstration
BOYLE’S LAW
 CHARLES’ LAW

• Relate Volume and temperature

• Volume and Temperature are directly Proportional
CHARLES’ LAW
 AVOGADRO’S LAW

• Relate the volume to the amount of gas

• Volume and amount of gas are directly proportional
AVOGADRO’S LAW
 AVOGADRO’S LAW

• Assuming the same pressure and temperature, which has a greater number of
gas particles: 5 liters of gaseous H2O or 5 liters of gaseous O2?

• 1 particle • 1 particle
• 3 atoms • 2 atoms
THE IDEAL GAS LAW
 IDEAL GAS LAW

• The behavior of a gas can be described using 4 basic interrelated quantities

• P, V, T, n
• Describes only an ideal gas
• Individual gas particles are considered to occupy no volume in their container
• Particles experience no attractions or repulsions from one another
• Low pressure high temperatures
 KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY

1. A gas consists of tiny particles—atoms or molecules

or both.
2. Gas particles are in constant random motion, colliding with one another and
with the walls of their container.
3. The impact of gas particles on the walls of the container produce a jittery
force that appears as a steady push against the inner surface. This pushing
force provides the pressure of the enclosed gas.
 KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY

4. Deviations from gas laws arise primarily because of the interactions

occurring among gas particles and because gas particles are not infinitely
small.
5. The average kinetic energy (energy due to motion) of the gas particles is
directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.
 PRACTICE (BOYLE’S LAW)

• A volume of gas at 1.10 atm was measured at 326 cm^3. What will be the
volume if the pressure is adjusted to 1.9 atm?

=188.7 cm^3
 PRACTICE (BOYLE’S LAW)

• If 36.5 m^3 of a gas are collected at a pressure of 755 mmHg, what volume
will the gas occupy if the pressure has changed to 632 mmHg?

=43.6m^3
 PRACTICE (CHARLES’ LAW)

• At 189K, a sample of gas has a volume of 32 cm^3. What volume does the gas
occupy at 242K?

=40.97 cm^3
 PRACTICE (CHARLES’ LAW)

• A sample of gas has a volume of 852 mL at 25 degrees C. What Celsius

temperature is necessary for the gas to have a volume of 245 mL?

=-187.3⁰ C
KAHOOT!