Competency Standard : Identify Plant and Growth’s

Class/Semester : X/1
 Base Competency 3

explain the essential elements of Water for Plants

PICTURES OF WATER CYCLE ON THE
EARTH
 . WATER AS ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS

a. Function of water for plants

    - It covered (70 - 90%) of plant body

- Solvent and biochemistry reaction medium
- transportation Medium
- Giving the cell turgid
- Spread materials of photosynthesis result
- Hold plant temperature always constantly
 b. Water available in the Soil

 Capillary water, is located between the fixed point faded

(under the limit) and field capacity ( Up limit)

 Water is not available, hygroscopic water (less faded

from the point remains) and the gravity water (more than
field capacity)
Capacity field water is advantages to plants,
because :

 There is an equilibrium between the micro and

macro pores
 Most of the nutrients is in the solution form
 Root surface area has the largest run for the ion
diffusion and the ion flows
Field capacity Water :

 Whole Micro pores fulfill of water

 Up limit of available water for plants
 Measured according to moisture content after the
soil full of water ignore to drain about 2 – 3 days ,
or
 Defined on soil which fulfill of water at the
pressure of 0,01 Mpa (sand) and 0,033 Mpa (clay)
Fix point Fade

 There is hygroscopic water

 Defined by measure moisture content when the
experiment plants faded and can’t refresh after
occupied for a night in moist air
 Fix point Fade is a plant constante
 Measured according to moisture content after the
soil full of water ignore to drain about 2 – 3 days ,
or
 Defined on soil which fulfill of water at the
pressure of 0,01 Mpa (sand) and 0,033 Mpa (clay)
 C. Process of Water Absorption

1. Through the root function, absorption do by root

hairs or adventitious root around the primary root
Root section images

Root hairs

Elongation area

meristem

Root veil
Jaringan penyusun akar
- Epidermis
Lapisan terluar, berfungsi sebagai pelindung
akar
- Korteks
Terdapat ruang penyimpan udara, atau sebagai
penyimpan makanan
- Endodermis
Berfungsi membantu penyerapan air dan mineral oleh
xylem menuju daun
2. Trough the stem function tissue with the function to flow the water
and to strengthen the plant

Lapisan jaringan pada batang

- Gabus
Berfungsi melindungi batang dari gangguan serangga,
penyakit dan mencegah kehilangan air
- Korteks
Berfungsi untuk menyimpan makanan dan tempa
dimana floem dan xylem berada
- Kambium
Jaringan yang menghasilan Xylem dan floem baru
3. Through leaf Stomata function Stomata as aplace
where the gas flow
Leave section image
Jaringan pada daun

1. Lapisan lilin
Melindungi daun dari penguapan berlebih dan gangguan
serangga
2. Jaringan epidermis
Sebagai lapisan pelindung
3. Jaringan tiang
Tempat fotosintesis
4. Jaringaan spons
Tempat menampung CO2, O2 dan H2 juga sebagai
tempat fotosintesis
5. Jaringan Stoma
Mengatur masuknya air mealui mekanisme membuka dan
menutup
 D. Excess and Lack of water

Excess water:
- lower gas exchange between air and the soil
- lack of oxygen on the roots and microorganisms

Lack of water:
- lead to fading and become death
Impact of the water content on the roots
system development

From left to right:

Figure 1. roots in waterlogged condition
Figure 2. Roots in water adequacy condition
Figure 3. Roots in water famine condition
 Impact the water content on the plant canopy
development

From left to right:

Figure 1. in waterlogged condition
Figure 2. in water adequacy condition
Figure 3. in water famine condition