Master Plan/General Town

Planning Scheme
 Session - 1
Introduction to Plan preparation
Ancient Town Planning
Why Planning has started now or then – it started from “Need” of people in order to cater the day to day activities

Need – water, food and shelter and in present day

Major Settlements and civilizations livelihood
were located on the bank of rivers for example Harappa & Indus valley
civilizations as water is major sources for daily activities and for livelihood.
• Ancient Planning was based on Religious, Military and Political aspects.
• Shilpashastra –In ancient times shilpashastra was given prominence Based on their power and caste people
hierarchy of settlements are strictly followed.
There are mainly 8 types of town planning concepts:
Sarvatobhadra – this
plan was used for
larger villages and
towns with a site in
square sites and
majorly only houses
was planned all over
the site
Dandaka-Streets are straight
Nandyavarta – This plan is used for the construction of
and cross each other at right
towns and not for villages. The streets run parelle to the
angles at the centre and
central adjoining streets with the temples of the presiding
village offices are located in
deity in the centre of the town
the east
Ancient Town Planning

Chaturmukha- type of
plan is applicable to
all towns starting from Prastara –when the
the largest town to Karmuka- This plan is
site has rectangular
Padmaka – this the smallest village. Swastika- this plan suitable for the place
or square pattern
type of plan was The Town is Laid out has two main streets where the site of the
this type of plan is
practiced for east to west cross each other at town is in the form of a
adopted and the
building of the lengthwise, with four the centre, running bow or semi circular or
main roads are
towns with fortress main streets. south to north and parabolic and mostly
much wider
all round and looks The temple of the west to east applied for towns
compared to other
like an island with presiding deity will be located on the seashore
patterns
no scope of always at the centre or riverbanks
expansion.
Post Independence
The thought process of planning and approach has been changed looking for better accessible to facilities,
livelihood with foresight of future development and needs to provide good quality of life. Various scales of plans
with specific characteristics have been adopted i.e Urban, Regional, Transportation, Environment, Housing, Tourism
and local area planning etc.,some of the planned of the planned cities are mentioned below:
Chandigarh Bhubaneswar Navi Mumbai

Le Corbusier conceived the master plan The Village, the City, and the
of Chandigarh as analogous to human Best Example for
Neighborhood unit planning Ecosystem reconsiders the monotonous past
body, The concept of the city is based on developments of the region that led to a rapid
four major functions: living, working, care with linear pattern concept
transformation of the area with little consideration
of the body and spirit and circulation of the existing landscape.
which is planned grid pattern.
 Master Plan/G.T.P Scheme in India and in Andhra
Pradesh
• Definition: A development plan or A master plan or G.T.P scheme is defined as a “General plan for the future layout of a city showing
both, the existing and proposed streets or roads, open spaces, public buildings, residential, commercial areas etc” which is also
called as a blue print with the various proposals that are intended to improve the existing condition and to control the future growth
of town in a coordinated manner and prepared with the scope period of 20 years considering its role, potential and problems.

Introduction:
A Master plan or a Development plan or G.T.P scheme may be G.T.P scheme aims at controlling the future growth of a Town
or urban area along pre conceived and predetermined paths.
In India, the idea of preparation of development plan is understood to have been flourished after 1915 when the Bombay
Town Planning Act was passed and was soon followed by the Madras Town Planning Act in 1920.
The first comprehensive Act requiring the preparation of development plans and authorizing its enforcement is the Bombay
Town and Country Planning Act, 1954 which actually came into force in 1957. This Act required the preparation of
development plans by the concerned local bodies within a specific period.
Objectives Of Master Plan

 It aims at intelligent and economic spending of the public funds for achieving welfare of the
inhabitants in respect of amenities, convenience and health.
It arranges the pattern of town in such a way so as to satisfy present requirement without
introduction of future improvement by coming generation.
 It helps in restricting the haphazard and unplanned growth and helps to preserve the natural
resources.
 It places the various functions which a town has to perform in physical relationship of each
other so as to avoid the chances of mutual conflict.
 It serves as a guide to the planning body for making any recommendations for public facilities
improvement.
It removes the defects of uncoordinated physical growth of the various components of town due
to the fact that it considers the entire city area or town as planning and development entity.
Necessity Of Development Plan

The reasons which has lead to the thinking of having a development plan:

• To control the development of various industries in a systematic manner.

• To discourage the growth of town in an unplanned and unscientific way.

• To give a perspective picture of a fully development town.

• To limit to a certain extent the unprecedented flow of rural population.

• To offset the evils which have come up due to overcrowding of population such as shortage of
houses, traffic congestion, inadequate open spaces and insufficient public amenities, etc.
Preparation of G.T.P Scheme in Andhra Pradesh
The GTP Scheme is statutory document and they should be prepared duly following
the provisions and procedures of APTP Act 1920 and rules made there under.
Section - 4(1): Section - Section - 9(1): Section – 10: Section - 11
7(1):
A Detailed Town Appoint Declaration of intention Resolution to a. A copy of every draft scheme
Planning ment of to make or adopt make or adopt with all its enclosures and the
Scheme may Director GTP/DTP scheme by GTP/DTP maps prepared
provide for all of Town the schemes in connection therewith shall be
Land uses or Planning Municipal council by a sent by the executive authority of
part . resolution and shall be the municipality, to the Director
of Land use. published by b. Municipal council shall be
notification in the published under section 11 on the
prescribed manner. notice board of the municipal
office by a notification which
shall be calledNotification No.2
and shall be in Form No. 12Cont…
 Section - 12
a. Any notification of the Government under section
12, published in the
Official Gazette, shall be republished by notice in
Form No. 16-
i. On the notice board of the office of the municipal
council;
ii. on the notice board of the office of every local
authority within whose
limits any portion of the area included in the scheme
is situated; and
iii. In one or more newspapers circulating in the
district in which such area is situated.
b. The rules contained in Part S, except rules 32 to
34, shall as far as may be,apply to schemes required
to be prepared under section 12.
Section - 13
a. A Notice in Form No. 13 shall also be
publishedOn the notice board of the office of every
local authority within a
whose limits any portion of the area proposed to
be included in the scheme is situated.
ii. In the district gazette concerned in case the
whole or any portion of such area is situated in any
district; and
iii. In one or more newspapers circulating in the
districts in which II such
area is situated.
A copy of such notice shall also be pasted up in one
or more conspicuous places in or near such area.
Session - 2
Practical stages
Practical Stages In The Preparation of Master Plan
Base Map
preparation

Field/Ground Stakeholder meeting

Truthing

Existing Land Use Map

Preparation

Stakeholder Preliminary Master Land use Proposals

meeting Plan with Regulations

Submission of Draft Master

Plan with Report to Govt

Notification of Master Plan for Public

Approval of Master Plans
objection/Suggestion as per APTP ACT – Address to Comments
with Regulations.
2MONTHS
 Features of Master Plan

• The development plan serves as an outline for the future growth of town and as such, its
preparation demand high skill, training, imagination and experience on the part of person
who frame it. He has to keep in mind three fundamental requirement namely amenity,
convenience, and health.

Most important features in the preparation of master plan are:

• Population (Demography)
• Prospective population to be prepared for the next twenty years should be calculated on the basis of the
present population, and its rate of growth during the last three to four decades.
Features of Master Plan
Density :

• The next task is to fix the density of population as per the required standard vary for the town centre, suburbs, type of buildings, flats etc.

An average over all density of eighty to hundred person per acre can be allowed.
Requirement of land :

• The next task is to work out the total land requirement for the anticipated population. If the population is surplus then has to decant and

provide for all it in new layouts.

Distribution of Land :
• The total land will have to be distributed for the different uses such as
• Residential
• Commercial
• Industrial
• Public and Semi public
• Open spaces
• Communication
• Other special uses.
Land Use Break-up – Master Plan Preparation
Example of Master Plan
 Features Of Master Plan
• Residential Use :
• The total population will have to be
distributed in various zones, based on
neighborhood planning, fixing the density
which may vary from 40 to 50 persons to a
maximum of 100 to 200 persons per acre or
even more. Usually the density varies from
town centre's, suburbs to the outer fringe
areas of the town.

Residential Land Use involve places where

people live from houses to apartments
 Features Of Master Plan

• Commercial Use
• The shopping facilities for the neighborhood
will have to be provided.
• These include small shops for day to day
purchases; shopping sub-centres for casual
purchases, and shopping main centres for
special purchases.
• Provision will also be made of the wholesale
trading godowns, warehouses, cattle
market etc.
 Features Of Master Plan
• Industrial Use

• The location of industry in the development plan is very important

it depends upon nearness to roads, railways, availability of electric

power, water supply etc.

• The industries should have to be planned leeward of the town so

that the smoke, dust, dangerous gases will not travel over the town.

• Except the service industries such as bakeries, dairies, laundries,

flour mills, auto works, the industry should be located at the

outskirts of the town.

• A green belt should be left between the industries and other uses.
 Features Of Master Plan

• Public & Semi Public Uses;

• These include schools colleges, Government offices

etc which should be located in the convenient
places to serve all the people in the unit.

• Open Spaces;

• These include parks, playgrounds, stadiums etc •

According to this standard the open space for
outdoor recreation purpose should not be less than
10 acres or 25 acres for 10,000 population.
 Features Of Master Plan
• Communication :
• The area occupied by roads, bus stands, railways
etc. come under this category.
• The main arterial roads should be aligned on the
boundaries of the unit.
• Each unit will be divided by sub- roads giving
access to its principal parts and it will again be
subdivided into smaller groups by the local roads.
• The width of road should be proportional to the
volume of traffic.
• Other special uses:
• These include the refuse disposal, grave yards etc.
 Features Of Master Plan

• Convenience and cheap means of Transport

• Good Sanitation and water Supply

• Open air spaces

• Population Density Control

• Proper situations for places of worship, education and recreation

• Rational Layout

• Width of road
Drawings To Be Prepared
Graphical representation to various ideas and proposals contained in the development plan of a
town, various maps and drawings are to be prepared with following details:
• Base Map – Building Foot prints, Geographical features etc.,
• Land use – Existing Boundaries of land of different types such as residential, agricultural,
industrial, green belt, Open space including parks & playgrounds etc.
• Infrastructure details- Position of Public Utility services such as water supply stations,
sewage disposal plant, etc.
• Social Infrastructure- public and semi public facilities like Schools, hospitals, etc.,
• Transportation Map –Existing.
• Tourism map – existing tourist spots.
• Environment/ Preservation Map- ecosensitive locations,Heritage Structures etc.,
In addition to the Proposals drawing- perspective views, panoramas, models etc should be
accompanied the project drawing.
GIS based Master Plans
GIS based Master Plans

• What is GIS& how it works?

• GIS stands for Geographic Information System. A simple definition may read: "a computer
system capable of holding and using data describing places on the earth's surface."

• Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology is a computer-based data collection,

storage, and analysis tool that combines previously unrelated information into easily
understood maps.

• A Geographic Information System is a collection of tools to build, maintain, and use

electronic maps and associated databases.
 What does GIS do?
It locates:
1.Assets, (Water and sewer
pipes)
2.Areas, (land use)
3.Incidents, (Crime statistics)
4.Characteristics (Disease
Mortality rates)
GIS allows questions to be asked from the It allows questions to be framed
map side and from the database side: geographically
Questions can be asked by either side GIS is a way of organizing database
because the map graphics and database records by tying them to geographically
records are linked via a unique number. For synchronized slices of the world so that
example, a parcel of land can be a map “where” questions can be asked and
feature which carries a unique parcel number answered.
that is also carried within the database
record. The GIS keeps track of this
relationship allowing a user to click on the
map to get the data or click on the record to
find the parcel on the map
 Use GIS based Master Plans
 
• The objective is to develop common digital geo- referenced base maps and land use maps using Geographical
Information System (GIS) in each ULB to enable them to make more informed strategic decisions.
• Use of geospatial technologies is expected to contribute to ULBs in the following ways:
• Formulate a master plan for decision-making
• Effective land use management and utilization
• Enable project planning and urban management.
• Identify the best location for different functions
•  Avoid the database redundancy, duplicate work in different divisions of State and
• Central government departments.
•  Data can be shared with line departments; which would enable updating of database in
• near real time.
•  Enable the investment protection and facilitate cost & time effective revision of Master
• plans periodically
Importance of GIS based Master Plans
Proposal Maps

Analysis & Overlays

• Any plan starts with base map preparation, existing land
use surveys and collection of
Thematic Maps
• socio-economic data necessary for reviewing the existing
situation and proposing the future
• land use plan. Existing Land Use Map

• With the advances in remote sensing and Geographic

information system, the Linking Data
• plan making process can be expedited with integration
of both spatial and attribute data, which
Base Map
• enables detailed assessment of spatial growth of
towns/cities, land use status, physical
Cadastral Map superimposition
• infrastructure facilities, etc. in anticipation of the
projected population growth. which in turns
• helps to create cities with healthy environment and Satellite Imagery
sustainable livelihoods.
Status of GIS based Master Plans in Andhra
Pradesh.
• Out of 110 ULBS, DTCP has taken up GIS based Master Plan preparation for 67
ULBs in two phases and for the rest 43 ULBs falling under various UDAs the
concerned authorities have taken up Master Plan preparation in GIS platform
which is monitored by DTCP. Currently all the Masters are at various stages
and status is as follow:
S.No Stages No.of ULBs
1. Draft Master Plan Completed 8
2. Draft Master Plan under Progess 9
3. Vision and Strategy Formulation completed 56
4. Vision and Strategy Formulation under 37
progress